15 research outputs found
Effect of Some Fungal Pathogen and Some Storage Treatments on Tomato and Cucumber Fruits Under Cold Storage (8? C)
No full textIn study carried out in the cold storage in college of Agric./Univ. of Baghdad at 8 ? C. shows that Alternaria , Pencillium , Rhizoctonia , Mucor , are the fungi that causes tomato fruits decay. This is the first record of Rhizoctonia and Mucor as a Tomato fruits rot under 8º c in Iraq. There is no fungal infection on cucumber fruits under 8 ? C. . Waxing tomato fruits reduced the severity of the fungi infection and gave shelflife (19 days) under 8 ? C. There is an infection with Mucor was found in tomato fruits kept in perforated polyethylene bages with 16 bores prevent the infection and the lowest severity and frequency of infection was found in waxed tomato fruits.
Part of M.Sc thesis of the Second author
Discussion of ‘‘Re-Examination of Undrained Strength at Atterberg Limits Water Contents’’ by H.B. Nagaraj, A. Sridharan & H.M. Mallikarjuna
No full textHaving recently investigated soil strength at the Atterberg limits, the discussers read the paper by Nagaraj et al. (2012) with interest. Whilst some of the conclusions of the paper concur with those of our own work, there are other areas in which we would question the authors’ conclusions
Финансовый механизм развития исламского бизнеса в Российской Федерации
No full textPurpose: in modern conditions in Russia there are regions with a large proportion of the Muslim population that implement initiatives for the development of Islamic business, however, the functioning Islamic business model practically does not differ from the traditional model of Russian entrepreneurship, only individual elements and principles, types and forms of entrepreneurial activity based on principles of Sharia, Islamic banking is being promoted more actively. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to study the financial mechanism for the development of Islamic business in the Russian Federation in the context of the implementation of key areas of state support for entrepreneurship at the federal and regional levels.Methods: the study is based on the use of general scientific methods of induction and deduction, a review of scientific sources; the quantitative assessment is based on the calculation of statistical indicators, in particular: the relative size of the structure of segments of the Islamic economy with comparative studies in the country context of the volume of the halal food market, chain and basic indicators of the series of dynamics of directions of state support for Islamic business and regional levels.Results: the article analyzes the main directions, tools and institutions for the implementation of state support for Islamic entrepreneurship in foreign practices, indicating the active development of legislative, regulatory and organizational infrastructure, large-scale financing of infrastructure support programs. The article also provides an analytical overview of the development of Islamic business in the Russian Federation. Particular attention in the article is paid to the analysis of federal and regional programs to support Islamic entrepreneurship, which made it possible to identify the features of the implementation of the mechanism of state support.Conclusions and Relevance: it has been determined that in Russia the most developed segments of Islamic entrepreneurship are the halal industry, the development of which is supported by state programs at the sub-federal level, and the relationship of partner banking. The factors that limit the development of Islamic entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation have been identified: inadequacy of federal programs for financing Islamic business; the local nature of support for Islamic entrepreneurs within the framework of regional programs («point» principle).Цель. В современных условиях в России наличествуют регионы с большой долей мусульманского населения, где реализуются инициативы развития исламского бизнеса. Однако функционирующая исламская бизнес-модель практически не отличается от традиционной модели российского предпринимательства - формируются лишь отдельные элементы, виды и формы предпринимательской деятельности, основанной на принципах шариата, более активно продвигается исламский банкинг. В связи с этим целью данной статьи является исследование финансового механизма развития исламского бизнеса в Российской Федерации в контексте реализации ключевых направлений государственной поддержки предпринимательства на федеральном и региональном уровнях.Методы или методология проведения работы. Исследование опирается на применение общенаучных методов - индукции и дедукции, обзора научных источников; количественная оценка строится на расчете статистических показателей, в частности, относительной величины структуры сегментов исламской экономики с компаративистикой в страновом разрезе объема рынка «халяль» продуктов питания, цепных и базисных показателей рядов динамики направлений государственной поддержки исламского бизнеса на региональном уровне.Результаты работы. В статье проанализированы основные направления, инструменты и институты реализации государственной поддержки исламского предпринимательства в зарубежных практиках, свидетельствующие об активном развитии законодательной, регуляторной и организационной инфраструктуры, масштабном финансировании программ инфраструктурной поддержки. Представлен аналитический обзор развития исламского бизнеса в Российской Федерации. Особое внимание в статье уделено анализу федеральных и региональных программ поддержки исламского предпринимательства, позволившему выявить особенности реализации механизма государственной поддержки.Выводы. Определено, что в России наиболее развитыми сегментами исламского предпринимательства выступают халяль-индустрия, развитие которой поддерживается государственными программами на субфедеральном уровне, и отношения партнерского банкинга. Выявлены факторы-ограничители развития исламского предпринимательства в Российской Федерации: недостаточность федеральных программ финансирования исламского бизнеса и локальный характер поддержки исламских предпринимателей в рамках региональных программ («точечный» принцип)
Efficiency and equity considerations in pricing and allocating irrigation water
No full textEconomic efficiency has to do with how much wealth a given resource base can generate. Equity has to do with how that wealth is to be distributed in society. Economic efficiency gets far more attention, in part because equity considerations involve value judgements that vary from person to person. The authors examine both the efficiency and the equity of different methods of pricing irrigation water. After describing water pricing practices in a number of countries, they evaluate their efficiency and equity. In general they find that water use is most efficient when pricing affects the demand for water. The volumetric, output, input, tiered, and two-part tariff schemes all satisfy this condition and can be efficient although whether efficiency is short-run or long-run, first- or second-best, varies. Pricing schemes that do not directly influence water input -- per-unit areas fees for example -- lead to inefficient allocation. But they are usually easier to implement and administer and require less information. The extent to which water pricing methods can effect income redistribution is limited, the authors conclude. Disparities in farm income are mainly the result of factors such as farm size and location and soil quality, but not water (or other input) prices. Pricing schemes that do not involve quantity quotas cannot be used in policies aimed at affecting income inequality. The results somewhat support the view that water prices should not be used to effect income redistribution because water prices are a poor vehicle for reducing income inequality. But pricing schemes that involve water quota rules can reduce income inequality. The authors demonstrate this with a two-rate tiered pricing scheme combined with equal quotas of the cheaper water.Water Conservation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Water and Industry,Drylands&Desertification,Economic Theory&Research,Town Water Supply and Sanitation,Water Supply and Sanitation Governance and Institutions,Water Conservation,Water and Industry,Environmental Economics&Policies
Back of the envelope estimates of environmental damage costs in Mexico
No full textFor developing countries, budget constraints help set the agenda on mitigating environmental damage, one of the indelible marks of our era. Political considerations often dictate the measures taken. There are no firm analytical formulas to help even environmentally conscious policymakers rank needs and remedies. A developing country such as Mexico - the focus of this paper - cannot afford an in-depth study of every environmental issue. Policymakers need to be provided with rough,"back-of-the envelope"estimates of the economic costs of various environmental problems. This allows them to rank the issues and act. In this paper the author applied existing methods to estimate the costs stemming from different environmental problems in Mexico. Although the examples are from Mexico, the method can be useful in other developing countries as well. The author how creative use of U.S. and other data can help provide simple estimates of the likely costs of soil erosion, air pollution, mining of underground waters, and estimates of the health effects of water and solid waste pollution, lack of sanitation, and the ingestion of food contaminated by polluted irrigation. The assumptions underlying all calculations are conservative. Some environmental damage issues, such as loss of biodiversity, were too complex to permit quantification.Water Conservation,Economic Theory&Research,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Pollution Management&Control
Civil society and political change in Morocco
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Search for a CP-odd Higgs boson decaying to Zh in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector
No full textSee paper for full list of authors – 13 pages plus author list + cover pages (30 pages total), 5 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Phys. Lett. B, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2013-06/International audienceA search for a heavy, CP-odd Higgs boson, , decaying into a boson and a 125 GeV Higgs boson, , with the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented. The search uses proton--proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb. Decays of CP-even bosons to or pairs with the boson decaying to electron or muon pairs are considered, as well as decays with the boson decaying to neutrinos. No evidence for the production of an boson in these channels is found and the 95% confidence level upper limits derived for \sigma (gg\rightarrow A) \times \mbox{BR}(A \rightarrow Zh) \times \mbox{BR}(h \rightarrow f\bar{f}) are 0.098--0.013 pb for and 0.57--0.014 pb for in a range of 220--1000 GeV. The results are combined and interpreted in the context of two-Higgs doublet models
Anthophora (Micranthophora) parkeri Orr & Pitts & Griswold 2018, SP. NOV.
No full textAnthophora (Micranthophora) parkeri, SP. NOV. (Figs. 41E, 46E, 51E, 56E, 61E, 66E, 71E, 76E) Anthophora (Micranthophora) parkeri (holotype: ♂; Corn Springs Campground, 0.4 km ESE, Corn Springs Wash, California, USA; coll. M.C. Orr, 9 Apr. 2014, at Bebbia juncea; BBSL, BBSL920050 / HOLO106). Verbatim: “ USA:CA Riverside Co. Corn Springs Campground, 0.4 km ESE; Corn Springs Wash N33.6244 W115.3216 9 Apr 2014 M.C. Orr Bebbia juncea BBSL920050” “ HOLOTYPE Anthophora parkeri male Orr BBSL920050.” Diagnosis. Males may be determined by the following character combination: scutum shiny, with impunctate areas; basitibial plate present; T5–T6 lacking appressed setae; and T7 with strong medial longitudinal carina, lateral projections short and blunted, and medial projections broadly separated and narrowly rounded at apices (Fig. 61E). Females may be determined by the following character combination: facial maculations yellow; clypeal maculation an inverted-T that narrows gradually from rim to top of clypeus, almost triangular in shape (Fig. 41E); supraclypeal maculation almost always present, but form highly variable; scape immaculate; scutum shiny, with impunctate areas; T1–T5 covered with appressed setae; and anal fimbria light, tan to orangish. Male description. Head: Facial maculations pale yellow. Galea reaching past rear of foretrochanter in repose; amber to light brown; weakly tessellate, with clear reflections. Mandible with inferior tooth ovular to weakly triangular, running roughly parallel to main blade; maculated from base to about middle of inferior tooth (Fig. 51E). Labral rim tridentate; fully maculated. Clypeal maculation a band, rarely reaching lateral sides, quite variably filling half or less of clypeal height medially (Fig. 51E); punctation only slightly sparser within maculation than without. Paraocular area almost always immaculate; slight mark if present. Supraclypeal area usually immaculate; at most with very minute maculation. Scape almost always maculated; quite variable in extent. Mesosoma: Scutum shiny; with distinct impunctate areas. Tegula transparent, clear to yellow-orange. Basitibial plate present; distinct. Metasoma: T1–T4 covered in appressed setae, uncommonly absent in narrow basal zones; T5–T6 without appressed setae. Terga moderately to weakly tessellate, often with some weak reflections; only sometimes apparent through appressed setae. Tergal rims relatively transparent, tan to light brown. Male T7 (Fig. 61E) with strong medial longitudinal carina, unobscured; lateral projections weakly recurved, blunt flanges; medial projections long, somewhat truncated apically. Male S5 (Figs. 38A, 38C) setal arrangement unremarkable, without large, distinctive patches, at most longer along rim. Male S6 (Fig. 38A) clearly medially emarginate. Male S7 (Fig. 66E) with setae fully banding S7 around midpoint of length; widening from midpoint to tip, apical half widest near rounded lateral tips; apical half vaguely resembling cat head, rim broadly emarginate between lateral tips. Male S8 (Fig. 71E) lateral projections distinct; medial projection narrowing to tip, apically emarginate. Male genital capsule (Fig. 76E) with outer corners, where gonocoxite tips curve inward, marked by obvious flange of about 90 degrees or greater, best seen in profile; from corner to apex, in profile, gonocoxite relatively unmodified, concave or straight; tip, in profile, weakly pointed and strongly curved ventrally; gonostylus tip position slightly exceeding that of gonocoxite, measured from above along primary axis of latter. Pubescence: See Fig. 56E. Appears light to medium gray overall. Setae white to off-white, except as follows: leg inner faces light orange; tergal basal zones dark if present. Female similar to male, except: Head: Facial maculations often somewhat darker yellow. Galea often darker, medium brown; moderately tessellate, duller. Mandible with inferior tooth ridge-like, weakly angled off main blade (Fig. 41E). Clypeal maculation an inverted-T, usually reaching lateral sides, narrowing gradually from rim to top of clypeus, almost triangular in shape (Fig. 41E); punctation denser in upper half of maculation. Paraocular area almost always immaculate; slight dot if present. Supraclypeal maculation more often present; larger, typically transverse. Mesosoma: Midtibial spur apically curved; tan to orange. Basitibial plate circular distally, teardropped overall. Metasoma: T1–T4 covered in appressed setae; T5 with extensive appressed setae. Terga less tessellate, with stronger reflections; sometimes apparent through appressed setae. Tergal rims more transparent, tan to clear. T4 impunctate rim of short to moderate length medially, at most slightly triangular. Anal fimbria triangular, covering third to slightly under half of T5 length medially. Pubescence: See Fig. 46E. Vertex and scutum regularly with dark intermixing; hindbasitarsal brush orange to light brown; anal fimbria orangish. Distribution. See Fig. 22. Present in USA: California, Arizona, Nevada; Mexico: Baja California Norte, likely Sonora. Found almost exclusively in Sonoran and Mojave Deserts. Ecoregional habitance is as follows, based on 265 specimen records: 4 ecoregions total: Sonoran Desert (154=56.9%), Mojave Desert (111=41.8%), California coastal sage and chaparral (1≤1%), California montane chaparral and woodlands (1≤1%). Phenology. Recorded from March–July, October, almost exclusively spring, most common in April–May. Univoltine, single October record from Riverside County (CA) possibly mislabeled or opportunistic emergence. Nesting biology. The first author has observed this species nesting in sandy washes four times. A fifth female has been observed trying, and failing, to excavate into a hard-packed road of silty/sandy composition. Further details on these new records will be presented in a subsequent review of the group’s nesting biology. Floral specialization. Specialist on Asteraceae, plausibly narrowly specialized on Bebbia juncea. Primary recorded visits by 77 females include: Family Asteraceae (88%); Genus Bebbia (67%), Chaenactis (11%); Species Bebbia juncea (67%). 137 total floral records from eight families include: Asteraceae (53 ♂ 69 ♀): Bebbia juncea 30 ♂ 29 ♀, Bebbia sp. 22 ♀, Bidens pilosa 1 ♂, Chaenactis fremontii 1 ♀, Chaenactis sp. 3 ♂ 4 ♀, Chaenactis stevioides 4 ♀, Encelia farinosa 8 ♂, Encelia sp. 1 ♂, Geraea canescens 1 ♀, Malacothrix sp. 2 ♂, Palafoxia arida 1 ♂ 2 ♀, Palafoxia linearis 2 ♂ 4 ♀, Palafoxia sp. 1 ♂, Stephanomeria sp. 4 ♂ 1 ♀, Bignoniaceae (1 ♂): Chilopsis linearis 1 ♂, Boraginaceae (2 ♂ 1 ♀): Nama hispidum 1 ♀, Phacelia sp. 2 ♂, Fabaceae (2 ♂ 3 ♀): Dalea schottii 1 ♂, Dalea sp. 1 ♂, Dalea spinosa 1 ♀, Prosopis glandulosa 1 ♀, Psorothamnus schottii 1 ♀, Malvaceae (1 ♂ 3 ♀): Sphaeralcea sp. 1 ♂ 3 ♀, Nyctaginaceae (1 ♀): Abronia villosa 1 ♀, Onagraceae (1 ♀): Oenothera sp. 1 ♀, Polygonaceae (1 ♂): Eriogonum sp. 1 ♂. Etymology. This species is named for F.D. Parker and his ever-efficient husband/assistant, T. McIntyre, whose expertly-placed pan traps likely control species’ abundance in the greater Palm Springs, CA area. This species was apparently first recognized by Timberlake, who gave it the unpublished name “vanduzeei.” Comments. Unfortunately, the material for A. pachyodonta and A. parkeri were reversed in the reference collection MCO originally used for determinations, this confirmed by the types. Identifications prior to 2015 are suspect. Paratypes: USA: CALIFORNIA: Riverside County: Box Canyon: 1 ♂, 27 Apr 1952, P.H. Timberlake (UCRC ENT); 1 ♀, 5 May 1966, J.C. Hall (UCRC ENT); Corn Springs Campground, 0.4 km ESE; Corn Springs Wash: 14 ♂ 4 ♀, 9 Apr 2014, M.C. Orr; 2 ♂, 9 Apr 2014, M.C. Orr; San Bernardino County: Dumont Dunes HP, 3.66 km NW; Dumont Dunes Rd: 1 ♀, 10 Apr 2014, M.C. Orr; NEVADA: Clark County: Searchlight, 5 mi N: 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 3 May 1964, P. Torchio, G. Bohart. Other specimens examined: MEXICO: Baja California Norte: San Felipe, 25 mi S: 1 ♂, 25 Mar 1976, T.L. Griswold. USA: ARIZONA: La Paz County: Midway; BM S280, nr: 1 ♂, 4 Apr 2014, M.C. Orr; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 4 Apr 2014, T.L. Griswold; Quarzsite, 14mi S, Yuma: 1 ♂, 31 Mar 1968, R.M. Bohart; Maricopa County: Gila Bend, 15 mi S: 1 ♀, 21 Apr 1969, J.L. Petty; Gila Bend, 18 mi S: 1 ♂, 8 May 1965, M.A. Mortenson, J.M. Davidson, M.A. Cazier; Mohave County: Bill Williams River NWR; MSQ1: 1 ♀, 25 Apr 2013, M.C. Miner; Bill Williams River Wildlife Refuge: 1 ♀, 23 Jun 2013, M.C. Miner; Bullhead City: 1 ♂ 1 ♂, 2 Apr 1956, Butler, Werner; Cattail Cove, 9 mi N Parker Dam: 1 ♂, 7 Apr 1972, W. Apperson; Gold Spring, 9.1km S: 1 ♂ 9 ♀, 25 Mar 2016, T.L. Griswold; Henderson, 10 mi SE: 2 ♂, 21 Apr 1966, P.F. Torchio, R.W. Rust, N. Youssef; Lake Havasu City: 2 ♂ 1 ♀, 25 Mar 1967, G.E. Bohart, P.F. Torchio; Yuma County: 9.1 mi S Quartzsite [= 9.2]: 1 ♂, 27 Mar 1967, J.C. Hall; Dateland: 8 ♀, 12 Apr 1955, Butler, Werner; Ligurta: 1 ♀, 15 Apr 1973, J. Rozen; 1 ♂, date unknown, collector unknown; Quartzsite, 14 mi S: 1 ♀, date unknown, collector unknown; Yuma: 1 ♀, 18 Mar 1957, W.L. Nutting; Yuma, 18mi N: 1 ♀, 17 Apr 1969, P. Torchio; CALIFORNIA: Imperial County: 3.5 miles NW Glamis, Kipf Road, Algodones Dunes: 1 ♀, 13 Apr 1968, L.O. Tejada; 1 ♂, 13 Apr 1968, P.A. Rauch; Black Mountain, 6 km NW; Black Mt Rd Black Mountain, 6 km NW; Black Mt Rd: 1 ♀, 14 Apr 2013, M.C. Orr; Black Mountain, Chocolate Mountains: 3 ♀, 27 Apr 1980, Brown, Faulkner; Coyote Wells: 1 ♀, 18 Apr 1956, R.R. Snelling; Olgiby Road, 3 mi N of Indian Pass Road: 6 ♂, 21 Mar 1984, R.R. Snelling; Palo Verde: 2 ♂ 1 ♀, 1 Apr 1968, M.S. Wasbauer; 1 ♂, 1 Apr 1968, R.M. Bohart; 1 ♂, 1 Apr 1968, R.O. Schuster; Potholes: 1 ♂, date unknown, collector unknown; Inyo County: DEVA; Ashford Mills, 2.5 air km E; Abronia site: 1 ♀, 11 Apr 2014, M.C. Orr; DEVA; Jubilee Pass, 3 air km W; hwy 178: 1 ♀, 1 Apr 2014, M.C. Orr; DEVA; Jubilee Pass; hwy 178: 7 ♀, 26 Apr 2013, M.C. Orr; 2 ♀, 11 Apr 2014, M.C. Orr; DEVA; Panamint Springs, 9.4 air km E; hwy 190: 1 ♂, 12 Apr 2014, M.C. Orr; DEVA; Shoshone, 3 air km NW; hwy 178: 1 ♀, 11 Apr 2014, M.C. Orr; Darwin Falls: 1 ♀, 21 May 1965, A.S. Menke; 1 ♀, 13 May 1979, collector unknown; Death Valley Junction, 10.5 km W; hwy 190: 1 ♂, 26 Apr 2013, M.C. Orr; Death Valley National Park; Jubilee Pass: 1 ♀ 12 ♀, 13 Apr 2014, T.L. Griswold; Lee Flat, 3 mi W Blackrock Well: 1 ♂, 12 Jun 1978, T.L. Griswold; Panamint Springs, 15 mi S: 1 ♂, 28 Apr 1958, P.D. Hurd; 2 ♂, 28 Apr 1958, R.O. Schuster; Saline Valley: 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 18 May 1995, T.L. Griswold; Saline Valley, S end: 2 ♂, 19 May 1995, T.L. Griswold; Riverside County: 1 mi W of Shaver's Well: 1 ♀, 26 Apr 1964, R.R. Snelling; 18 mi W Blythe [= 18.1 mi W Blythe, = 1 mi E Ford Dry Lake Road], Chuckwalla Valley: 1 ♀ 1 ♀, 13 Apr 1958, P.H. Timberlake; 1 ♀, 14 Apr 1958, P.H. Timberlake; 1 ♀, 16 Apr 1958, P.H. Timberlake; 1 ♀, 17 Apr 1958, P.H. Timberlake; 1 ♀, 8–19 Apr 1963, E.I. Schlinger; 19 mi W Blythe [= 19.4 mi W Blythe], Hopkins Well, Chuckwalla Valley: 3 ♀, 26 Mar 1967, J.C. Hall; 20 mi E Indio: 1 ♀, 26 Apr 1963, E.I. Schlinger; 22 mi W Blythe, Chuckwalla Valley: 1 ♀, 9 Oct 1963, E.I. Schlinger; 3.2 mi W of Corn Spring, Chuckwalla Mountains: 1 ♀, 7 Apr 1994, R.R. Snelling; Banning: 1 ♀, 2 Jul 1952, A.T. McClay; Biskra Palms: 1 ♀, 29 Mar 1957, E. Schlinger; Blythe, 18 mi W: 2 ♂, 2 Apr 1963, F.(do not use) Parker; 1 ♂, 24 Apr 1963, F.D. Parker, L.A. Stange; 2 ♂, 24 Apr 1963, M.E. Irwin; Blythe, 18 mi W; northern entrance: 1 ♂, 27 Mar 2016, M.C. Orr; Blythe, 33 air km NW; Midland: 3 ♂ 1 ♀, 26 Mar 2016, M.C. Orr; Box Canyon: 1 ♀, 26 Apr 1952, P.D. Hurd; Box Canyon, 3 mi E Mecca, Box Canyon Road, 12.3 mi S Jct Hwy 10, 2.4 mi NE jct of Painted Canyon Road, Mecca Hills: 1 ♀, 27 Apr 1952, P.H. Timberlake; Box Canyon, Mecca Hills: 1 ♂, 5 Apr 1966, F.G. Andrews; 1 ♀, 5 Apr 1966, J.C. Hall; Carrizo Creek, Santa Rosa Mountains: 1 ♀, 4 Apr 1963, E.I. Schlinger; Cathedral City: 1 ♂, Apr 1936, W.P. Cockerell; Corn Springs Campground, 0.4 km ESE; Corn Springs Wash: 1 ♂, 7 May 2012, M.C. Orr; 2 ♂, 9 Apr 2014, M.C. Orr; Desert Center, 19.7 km NE; hwy 177: 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 9 Apr 2014, M.C. Orr; Edom, Coachella Valley: 1 ♀, 7 Apr 1936, P.H. Timberlake; Joshua Tree National Park; Cottonwood Wash, S end: 2 ♂, 24 Mar 2016, M.C. Orr; Joshua Tree National Park; South Entrance; i15, 1.8 air km N: 3 ♀, 24 Mar 2016, M.C. Orr; McCoy Spring: 1 ♀, 8 Apr 1963, J.C. Hall; Mecca, 14.7 air km WSW; Box Canyon: 1 ♀, 12 Apr 2016, M.C. Orr; Morongo Pass, 1 mi N jct Indian Ave & Hwy 62: 1 ♂, 3 May 1969, B. Hunt; Painted Canyon, near Mecca: 1 ♀, 27 Apr 1980, D.K. Faulkner; Palm Springs: 1 ♂, 11–26 Apr 2011, F.D. Parker, T. McIntyre; Palo Verde, 13 km NW; Bradshaw Trail: 1 ♂ 4 ♀, 15 Apr 2013, M.C. Orr; Palo Verde, 20.3 km SSW; Milpitas Wash: 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 3 Apr 2014, M.C. Orr; Thousand Palms: 1 ♂, 2 Apr 1966, R.M. Bohart; 1 ♀, 27 Apr 1967, G. Stage; Thousand Palms (= 1000 Palms), Coachella Valley: 1 ♂, 10 Apr 1937, P.H. Timberlake; Tipton Road, opposite Windy Point, 5 mi NW Palm Springs: 2 ♀, 23 Apr 1935, P.H. Timberlake; unspecified, Riverside County: 1 ♀, 25 Apr 1936, F. Platt; San Bernardino County: 29 Palms, 6 mi N, Mesquite Springs rd, sand dunes: 1 ♂, 14 May 1981, K.W. Cooper; Afton Canyon, Mojave River Wash, between Cady Mountains and Cave Mountain: 1 ♂, 4 May 1969, D.E. Bixler; Goffs: 1 ♂, 26 Apr 1968, R.P. Allen; Halloran Springs: 1 ♀, 7 May 1977, N.J. Smith; Joshua Tree: 11 ♂ 1 ♀, 26 May 1975, T.L. Griswold; Kelso: 1 ♂, 7 May 1977, R.W. Brooks; Kelso, 10 km N: 1 ♂, 2 May 1990, collector unknown; Mesquite Springs, Twentynine Palms: 1 ♂, 22 May 1998, K.W. Cooper; Needles: 1 ♀, 17 Apr 1967, P.F. Torchio, N. Youssef; Needles, 30 mi S: 2 ♂ 1 ♀, 14 Apr 2013, M.C. Orr; S of Avawatz Mountains, Mohave Desert: 1 ♀, 30 Apr 1927, P.H. Timberlake; Searchlight, 30 mi S: 1 ♂, 26 Apr 1966, P.F. Torchio, R.W. Rust, N. Youssef; Sheep Hole Summit, 23 mi S Amboy: 1 ♂, 25 May 1975, T.L. Griswold; Turtle Mountain rd, 38 km S Needles: 5 ♀ 1 ♀, 22 Apr 2016, M.C. Orr; Willow Wash: 1 ♀, 10 May 1978, T.L. Griswold; Winston Wash: 1 ♀, 13 Jun 1980, T.L. Griswold; Yermo, 10 m E: 1 ♀, 1 May 1993, P.F. Torchio, D.M. Torchio; San Diego County: Borrego: 1 ♂, 25 Apr 1955, M.S. Wasbauer; 1 ♂, 25 Apr 1955, P.D. Hurd; Borrego (= Borego), Borrego Valley (= Borego Valley): 1 ♀, 26 Mar 1933, P.H. Timberlake; 1 ♀, 5 Apr 1940, R.M. Bohart; 1 ♀, 26 Apr 1955, P.H. Timberlake; 1 ♂, 29 Apr 1955, P.H. Timberlake; Borrego Valley: 1 ♀, 29 Apr 1961, collector unknown; NEVADA: Clark County: 3 mi E Arden: 1 ♂, 6 Jun 1941, P.H. Timberlake; 30 mi S of Searchlight: 1 ♂, 26 Apr 1966, collector unknown; 5 mi N of Searchlight: 1 ♂ 2 ♀, 3 May 1964, collector unknown; Eldorado Cyn, 0.39 mi N: 1 ♂, 2 May 2005, R. Andrus; Glendale, 32 mi SE: 1 ♀, 1 May 1986, P.F. & D.M. Torchio; Juanita Springs Ranch: 1 ♂ 2 ♀, 12–14 May 1984, F.D. Parker; 1 ♀, 13 May 1984, F.D. Parker; Las Vegas, 6 mi S: 1 ♂, 19 Apr 1969, P.F. Torchio; Logandale: 1 ♂, 19 May 1984, F.D. Parker; Nelsons Landing: 1 ♂, 13 Apr 2005, R. Andrus; 1 ♂, 2 May 2005, R. Andrus; Riverside: 1 ♀, 16 May 1984, F.D. Parker; Riverside, 11.0 km SSW; New Gold Butte Rd: 2 ♀, 16 May 2012, M.C. Orr; 2 ♀, 24 Apr 2013, M.C. Orr; Riverside, 6 km SW; New Gold Butte Rd.: 1 ♀, 16 May 2012, M.C. Orr; Searchlight: 1 ♀, 3 May 1964, P. Torchio, G. Bohart; Searchlight, 10 mi S: 1 ♂ 4 ♀, 3 May 1964, P.F. Torchio, G.E. Bohart; Searchlight, 5 mi N: 9 ♂ 4 ♀, 3 May 1964, P.F. Torchio, G.E. Bohart; St. Thomas Gap: 1 ♂, 7 Jun 1998, T.L. Griswold.Published as part of Orr, Michael C., Pitts, James P. & Griswold, Terry, 2018, Revision of the bee group Anthophora (Micranthophora) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), with notes on potential conservation concerns and a molecular phylogeny of the genus, pp. 1-193 in Zootaxa 4511 (1) on pages 89-91, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4511.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/377097
Petty producers, potatoes and land: a case study of agrarian change in the Cochabamba Serranla, Bolivia
No full textThe thesis comprises a study of agrarian change in one highland, ex-hacienda locality in the Cochabamba region of Bolivia and documents a process of agricultural intensification and crop specialisation amongst small producers. The thesis demonstrates that. Since the Agrarian Reform, a process of commoditization has transformed the locality, leading to its incorporation into the regional economy as a major producer of potatoes. It examines the role played by a dynamic sector of truck operators and commercial intermediaries in stimulating this process. The thesis reconstructs the emergence of the hacienda, and the forms of production which co-existed on the estate. It documents the implementation of the Agrarian Reform and the distribution of land titles to ex-labour-rent tenants which consolidated the pattern of usufruct holdings and consequently formalised inequality between households. The contemporary situation is characterised by an intensive farming system which places considerable demands upon local environmental resources. The thesis conducts a detailed analysis of the existing pattern of land ownership, labour relationships and the distribution of other productive resources, to demonstrate that access to the means of production, control over the production process and disposal of the fruits of labour are highly uneven between households. However, inequality in the control over agricultural operations, besides the movement of labour from poor to rich households, do not by themselves provide sufficient evidence of differentiation between units. The thesis examines other dimensions which play a vital role in determining the social and economic trajectory of households. These include the role played by non-agricultural economic activities and the organisational structure of households. The thesis demonstrates the value of moving beyond the boundaries that conventionally define the analysis of household production, in order to examine dynamics within the domestic unit. Case studies are used to illustrate this approach
Visualización de Información Persona-Ordenador: Propuesta algorítmica para la ordenación espacial de grafos
No full textEl presente trabajo afronta la problemática del acceso a la información tomando como objeto de estudio una de sus formas: la visualización mediada por interfaces gráficas. Para ello se aproxima un marco teórico para el análisis del factor humano en visualización de información, tomando como contexto disciplinar la Interacción Persona-Ordenador; se propone un marco metodológico general para el diseño y evaluación de interfaces gráficas de visualización; y se propone y evalúa un procedimiento algorítmico para la ordenación espacial de grafos. Los experimentos realizados demuestran que el procedimiento algorítmico propuesto es el que mejor relación eficacia-eficiencia presenta de entre los comparados, y confirman la influencia que en la usabilidad visual de la representación tienen los criterios heurísticos empleados en su evaluación
