International Migration, Integration and Social Cohesion online publications
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War and bereavement: consequences for mental and physical distress
No full textBACKGROUND: Little is known about the long-term impact of the killing of a parent in childhood or adolescence during war on distress and disability in young adulthood. This study assessed current prevalence rates of mental disorders and levels of dysfunction among young adults who had lost their father due to war-related violence in childhood or adolescence.METHODS: 179 bereaved young adults and 175 non-bereaved young adults were interviewed a decade after experiencing the war in Kosovo. Prevalence rates of Major Depressive Episode (MDE), anxiety, and substance use disorders, and current suicide risk were assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The syndrome of Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) was assessed with the Prolonged Grief Disorder Interview (PG-13). Somatic symptoms were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire. General health distress was assessed with the General Health Questionnaire.FINDINGS: Bereaved participants were significantly more likely to suffer from either MDE or any anxiety disorder than non-bereaved participants (58.7% vs. 40%). Among bereaved participants, 39.7% met criteria for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, 34.6% for PGD, and 22.3% for MDE. Bereaved participants with PGD were more likely to suffer from MDE, any anxiety disorder, or current suicide risk than bereaved participants without PGD. Furthermore, these participants reported significantly greater physical distress than bereaved participants without PGD.CONCLUSION: War-related loss during middle childhood and adolescence presents significant risk for adverse mental health and dysfunction in young adulthood in addition to exposure to other war-related traumatic events. Furthermore, the syndrome of PGD can help to identify those with the greatest degree of distress and dysfunction
War and bereavement: consequences for mental and physical distress
No full textBACKGROUND: Little is known about the long-term impact of the killing of a parent in childhood or adolescence during war on distress and disability in young adulthood. This study assessed current prevalence rates of mental disorders and levels of dysfunction among young adults who had lost their father due to war-related violence in childhood or adolescence.METHODS: 179 bereaved young adults and 175 non-bereaved young adults were interviewed a decade after experiencing the war in Kosovo. Prevalence rates of Major Depressive Episode (MDE), anxiety, and substance use disorders, and current suicide risk were assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The syndrome of Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) was assessed with the Prolonged Grief Disorder Interview (PG-13). Somatic symptoms were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire. General health distress was assessed with the General Health Questionnaire.FINDINGS: Bereaved participants were significantly more likely to suffer from either MDE or any anxiety disorder than non-bereaved participants (58.7% vs. 40%). Among bereaved participants, 39.7% met criteria for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, 34.6% for PGD, and 22.3% for MDE. Bereaved participants with PGD were more likely to suffer from MDE, any anxiety disorder, or current suicide risk than bereaved participants without PGD. Furthermore, these participants reported significantly greater physical distress than bereaved participants without PGD.CONCLUSION: War-related loss during middle childhood and adolescence presents significant risk for adverse mental health and dysfunction in young adulthood in addition to exposure to other war-related traumatic events. Furthermore, the syndrome of PGD can help to identify those with the greatest degree of distress and dysfunction
Cofinality and measurability of the first three uncountable cardinals
No full textThis paper discusses models of set theory without the Axiom of Choice. We investigate all possible patterns of the cofinality function and the distribution of measurability on the first three uncountable cardinals. The result relies heavily on a strengthening of an unpublished result of Kechris: we prove (under AD) that there is a cardinal K such that the triple (K, K+, K++) satisfies the strong polarized partition property.
Cofinality and measurability of the first three uncountable cardinals
No full textThis paper discusses models of set theory without the Axiom of Choice. We investigate all possible patterns of the cofinality function and the distribution of measurability on the first three uncountable cardinals. The result relies heavily on a strengthening of an unpublished result of Kechris: we prove (under AD) that there is a cardinal K such that the triple (K, K+, K++) satisfies the strong polarized partition property.
Mcl1 in control of life and death of dopamine neurons
Full text linkIn this thesis we investigated survival and cell death of dopaminergic neurons in the framework of Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders characterized by loss of dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Attenuating this loss of dopamine neurons would be extremely beneficial for PD patients. Therefore, it is key to understand how dopaminergic neurons develop and why they degenerate both during development and adulthood, as they might share a common machinery. As the intrinsic mitochondrial-dependent pathway of apoptosis has been implied to underlie cell death in PD, we initially focused on the orchestrators of this pathway: the Bcl2 protein family. We aimed to identify the weak link in this family both during development and adulthood, identify its regulation and potentially strengthening this protein to enhance the survival rate of dopaminergic neurons
Mcl1 in control of life and death of dopamine neurons
Full text linkIn this thesis we investigated survival and cell death of dopaminergic neurons in the framework of Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders characterized by loss of dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Attenuating this loss of dopamine neurons would be extremely beneficial for PD patients. Therefore, it is key to understand how dopaminergic neurons develop and why they degenerate both during development and adulthood, as they might share a common machinery. As the intrinsic mitochondrial-dependent pathway of apoptosis has been implied to underlie cell death in PD, we initially focused on the orchestrators of this pathway: the Bcl2 protein family. We aimed to identify the weak link in this family both during development and adulthood, identify its regulation and potentially strengthening this protein to enhance the survival rate of dopaminergic neurons
Optimizing strategies in pancreatic and hepato-biliary surgery
Full text linkThis thesis aims to improve perioperative strategies in HPB surgery. Part I focuses on finding the optimal analgesic strategy and investigates the impact of continuous wound infiltration (CWI) versus epidural analgesia. Part II includes studies on one of the most threatening complications of pancreatic surgery: postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF). Part III consists of studies on worldwide perioperative practices in liver surgery, fluid therapy, new-onset diabetes after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD), and outcome prediction in HPB surgery
Bernhard : een verborgen geschiedenis
No full textAnnejet van der Zijl deed historisch onderzoek naar de Duitse achtergrond van Bernhard zur Lippe-Biesterfeld, later prins der Nederlanden. Ze plaatst hem nadrukkelijk binnen de context van zijn tijd en van zijn generatie. Ze bekeek onder andere in hoeverre het Wilhelmisch Keizerrijk, de Eerste Wereldoorlog en de revolutie van 1918 hun sporen achterlieten op het milieu en de directe omgeving van prins Bernhard. Ook analyseerde ze andere politieke, economische en sociale omstandigheden die bepalend waren voor zijn ontwikkeling. Speciale aandacht is er voor de vraag hoe en waarom het nationaalsocialistisch gedachtegoed bij de jeugd van de Weimarrepubliek - waar Bernhard onderdeel van was - zo vruchtbaar wortel kon schieten. Van der Zijl sluit de studie af met een beschouwing over de manier waarop er, zowel in bredere zin als in dit specifieke geval, na de Tweede Wereldoorlog omgegaan is met de onderzochte en in kaart gebrachte voorgeschiedenis