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International Chamber of Commerce Arbitration, 4th ed.
No full texthttps://scholarship.law.bu.edu/books/1247/thumbnail.jp
Listening to the Body: Poesia Visiva, Feminism and the Sexual Politics of Resonance
No full textNo description supplied</p
Multiparametric optimisation of a kinase inhibitor by a physiochemical approach
No full text(For a fully accurate abstract, including accurate mathematical symbols, see the thesis pdf.)This study focused on the synthesis of analogues of C28, a published LMTK3 inhibitor (DOI:10.1126/sciadv.abc3099), which exhibited poor physicochemical properties, namely low aqueous solubility and a high melting point. These limitations were identified as key barriers to success in biochemical assays. Initial efforts to address these issues through the rational design and synthesis of a few analogues still resulted in compounds with poor solubility and problematic assay performance, with the assay being particularly time-consuming and challenging. We therefore changed direction of the project and adopted a multiparametric approach to concentrate solely on compound properties. Our hypothesis was to make a library of C28analogues with predicted improved properties (solubility (lower melting point), permeability, log P etc) to then triage out the clear "losers" ("red light"/"STOP" properties) and select the "winners" ("green light"/"GO" properties), which were deemed to be more amenable and reproducible in subsequent kinase assays. We performed several C28 modifications by iteratively changing a specific area of the molecule, e.g. the " left hand" or "right hand" side sections by e.g, modifying the dihedral angle of ortho substituents to induce a twist in the molecule, reducing aromatic ring count, increasing the 3D-shape of the molecule ("escape from flatland") or introducing water solubilising groups. In total, over 70 analogues were synthesised, fully characterised (1H, 13C, 19F (where relevant) NMR, HRMS, HPLC) using several "medicinal chemistry toolbox" protocols, including late-stage C-H activation, SNAr reactions, palladium-catalysed couplings. As result of the above approach, over a dozen "green light"/"GO" compounds were selected based on their properties, to be suitable for kinase inhibition studies (vs. 96 kinases, SGC, Frankfurt) which, unfortunately were not undertaken due to technical issues with our German collaborators. A parallel study led to the identification of a solvent-exposed exit vector in C28,necessitating the synthesis of phenol-containing analogues with various linker-E3 ligase ligands as potential degrader/PROTAC (proteolysis targeting chimeras) to study C28degradation as a complementary approach. In total, 4 candidate degraders were synthesised and are awaiting biological assessment.</p
Simplified template cross sections – Stage 1.1 and 1.2
No full text
Simplified Template Cross Sections (STXS) have been adopted by the LHC experiments as a common framework for Higgs measurements. Their purpose is to reduce the theoretical uncertainties that are directly folded into the measurements as much as possible, while at the same time allowing for the combination of the measurements between different decay channels as well as between experiments. We report the complete, revised definition of the STXS kinematic bins (stage 1.1 and stage 1.2), which have been used for the measurements by the ATLAS and CMS experiments using the full LHC Run 2 datasets. The main focus is on the four dominant Higgs production processes, namely gluon-fusion, vector-boson fusion, production in association with a vector boson and in association with a
t\bar t
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pair. We also comment briefly on the treatment of other production modes.</p
Rates of likely neurodivergence and variant connective tissue in patients with chronic pain/chronic fatigue: a case-control study
No full textNeurodivergent traits are frequently observed in individuals with chronic pain and/or chronic fatigue (CP/CF), yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the prevalence of likely autism and ADHD in patients with CP/CF and examined whether joint hypermobility—a marker of variant connective tissue—mediated this relationship. We conducted a case-control study using an online survey. Eighty-three adults with CP/CF and 91 adults from a non-clinical comparison group completed validated screening measures for autism, ADHD, and joint hypermobility. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for likely neurodivergence were calculated using binary logistic regression. Mediation analysis tested whether joint hypermobility explained the association between likely neurodivergence and CP/CF. Participants with CP/CF had markedly higher odds of likely autism (adjusted OR 14.3 95% CI [6.5, 31.5]) and likely ADHD (adjusted OR 12.9 95% CI [5.0, 26.7]) than the comparison group. The presence of joint hypermobility significantly mediated the relationship between neurodivergent traits and CP/CF (indirect effect: b=1.6 95% CI [1.2, 2.1]). Our findings reveal a trans-diagnostic pattern of major clinical importance. In patients with CP/CF, routine screening for neurodivergence should be considered to optimise fair access to appropriate support for improved quality of life.</p
Interactions between multiple environmental markets: addressing contamination bias in overlapping policies
No full textTo address the dual environmental challenges of pollution and climate change, China has established multiple environmental markets, including pollution emissions trading, carbon emissions trading, energy-use rights trading, and green electricity trading. Previous empirical studies suffer from known biases arising from time-varying treatment and multiple treatments. To address these limitations, this study adopts a dynamic control group design and combines Difference-in-Differences (DiD) and Artificial Counterfactual (ArCo) empirical strategies. Using panel data on A-share listed companies from 2000 to 2024, this study investigates the marginal effects and interactive impacts of multiple environmental markets implemented in staggered and overlapping phases. Existing pollution emissions trading mitigates the negative effects of carbon emission trading. Carbon trading suppresses (improves) financial performance (if implemented alongside energy-use rights trading). The addition of energy-use rights or green electricity trading in regions already covered by carbon or pollution markets has no significant effects.</p
[Abstract] Interleukin-6 is better associated with frailty than C-reactive protein – findings from the FRAXI study
No full textBackgroundFrailty is known to be associated with vascular ageing. The causative factors for frailty are not well understood. Inflammation and oxidative stress are suggested to contribute to frailty, with some studies in humans investigating this. In this study, the correlation between biomarkers of inflammation and frailty were explored.MethodsFifty community dwelling adults ≥70 years (mean age ± standard deviation: 79 ± 5 years, 46% male) with clinical frailty score (CFS ≤ 6) were followed up for six months. Vascular parameters such as pulse wave velocity and cardio-ankle vascular index were measured at baseline. All other study measurements such as timed up and go test, sarcopenia, mini-mental state exam, and biomarkers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at both time intervals.ResultsThirty-six participants had biomarkers analysed, and at baseline, mean CFS was 3.5 (±SD 1.4) and at follow up, mean CFS was 4.0 (± SD 1.5). At baseline, positive correlations were observed between chronological age (r = 0.4; p ConclusionIL-6 correlates more closely with chronological age and frailty compared to CRP, suggesting that IL-6 is a better biomarker measure of frailty in the study cohort.</p
Guideline Commentary on the ESC/EACTS 2024 Guidelines for Atrial Fibrillation: A Focus on Managing AF in the Elderly Population
No full textAtrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased risks of stroke, heart failure, and mortality. Rate and
rhythm control are used to manage symptoms and improve quality of life, and restoration of normal sinus
rhythm is also important for many, but not all, patients. AF is more prevalent in older adults, for whom AF
management can be compounded by comorbidities and ongoing conditions, frailty, cognitive issues, and
polypharmacy. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) in collaboration with the European
Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) recently updated recommendations for AF
management, which may have implications for older adults in terms of overarching AF management
approach, stroke and bleeding risk assessments, and anticoagulation considerations. In addition,
guideline recommendations and associated levels of evidence have changed for some interventions,
such as left atrial appendage closure and AF ablation. In this guideline commentary, key aspects,
changes, and recommendations in the 2024 ESC guidelines are discussed in the context of older
patients, as well as perspectives on specifically addressing the diverse ageing population in future
clinical trials and practice guidelines.</p
‘The voice of that boy is still trickling in my ears’: ethnography and the epidemiology of compassion
No full textThere is growing interest in understanding compassion not only as an individual feeling but as something that circulates through communities and institutions, shaping decisions, relationships, and commitments over time. Recent calls for an epidemiology of compassion suggest that compassion be treated as a population-level phenomenon, with its own patterns of emergence, transmission, and lasting effects (Addiss et al., 2022). Yet there is little empirical research showing how compassion actually works in practice, especially within global health policymaking.
This paper draws on an ethnographic study (2020–2025) of people within global health networks working on neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), to explore how compassion arises, spreads, and endures. Using in-depth interviews, participant observation, and creative anthropological methods, the study examines how compassion becomes “catching” in certain moments. Vignettes include: a boardroom silenced by a woman’s tears recalling classmates with podoconiosis; a long-held memory of a suicidal teenager shaping advocacy decades later; and a foot washing involving Ethiopian patients and UK parliamentarians.
These emotionally charged moments are fleeting, but their effects are not. They act as exposure events, shaping motivating memories, disrupting hierarchies, and sustaining long-term motivation. The study suggests that compassion can, perhaps, be thought of as behaving epidemiologically: with triggers (first-hand or second-hand exposure), vectors (stories, touch, shared rituals), patterns of distribution, and protective effects (reenergising slow advocacy work).
This work supports calls for an epidemiology of compassion by showing how compassion is felt, transmitted, and remembered across people, places, and time. It also argues for integrating more qualitative, sensory, and story-based methods into global health research to help trace the emotional energies that may underpin collective change.</p
Efficient Kalman filter-enhanced model predictive control for cooperative vehicle platooning
No full textIncreasing developments in vehicle automation and traffic systems have brought renewed focus to the control and coordination of vehicle platoons. This paper focuses on a novel control architecture based on behavioral stability that integrates high-level vehicle scheduling with low-level real-time control to enhance the stability, robustness and safety of vehicle platooning. To address performance degradation caused by inaccurate perception of parameters such as position, a two-layer driving control framework is proposed, consisting of a high-level scheduling controller and a low-level real-time controller. Kalman filtering is employed to reduce state estimation errors and an improved Model Predictive Controller (MPC) is designed to ensure platoon stability under uncertainty. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method reduces the longitudinal velocity error by approximately 23% and achieves a faster convergence than the traditional approaches, thus improving the cohesion of the platoon and the resistance to disturbances.</p