65,368 research outputs found
Co-regulation of redox processes in freshwater wetlands as a function of organic matter availability?
No full textWetlands have important filter functions in landscapes but are considered to be the biggest unknowns regarding their element dynamics under global climate change. Information on sink and source function of sulphur, nitrogen, organic matter and acidity in wetlands is crucial for freshwater regeneration. Recent results indicate that redox processes are not completely controlled by the sequential reduction chain (that is electron acceptor availability) but that electron donor availability may be an important regulator. Our hypothesis was that only sites which are limited in their electron donor availability low concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC)) follow the concept of the sequential reduction chain. We compared the results of two freshwater wetland systems: 1) three forested fens within a boreal spruce catchment in a low mountain range in southern Germany (high DOC regime) and 2) three floodplain soils within a groundwater enrichment area in the Rhein valley in northwest Switzerland (low DOC regime). Micro scale investigations (a few cm) with dialyse chambers as well as soil solution and groundwater concentrations at the forested fens (high DOC regime) indicated simultaneous consumption of nitrate and sulphate with release of iron, manganese and methane (CH4) as well as an enrichment in stable sulphur isotopes indicating a co-existence of processes attributed to different redox gradients. Soil and aquifer gas measurements down to 4.6 m at the groundwater enrichment site (low DOC regime and carbon limitation) showed extreme high rates of metabolism with carbon dioxide (CO2), dinitrous oxide (N2O) and CH4 concentrations reaching fifty, thirty and three times atmospheric concentrations, respectively. Simultaneously, groundwater oxygen (O-2) saturation was between 50 and 95%. We concluded that independent of DOC regime the sequential reduction chain was not a suitable concept in our systems. Instead of electron acceptor or donor availability micro site variability might explain the co-existence of redox processes within our sites. Feuchtgebiet - Bodenchemie - Grundwasser - Trinkwasseraufbereitung - Moo
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
No full textThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
Molecular structure of highly excited resonant states in Mg-24 and the corresponding Be-8+O-16 and C-12+C-12 decays
No full textExotic Be-8 and C-12 decays from high-lying resonances in Mg-24 are analyzed in terms of a cluster model. The calculated quantities agree well with the corresponding experimental data. It is found that the calculated decay widths are very sensitive to the angular momentum carried by the outgoing cluster. It is shown that this property makes cluster decay a powerful tool to determine the spin as well as the molecular structures of the resonances.Physics, NuclearSCI(E)7ARTICLE5null8
A phronêsis (prudência) como condição necessária para realização da eudaimonia (felicidade)
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, Florianópolis, 2014.Esta pesquisa tem como foco o tratamento da phronêsis como condição necessária para a eudaimonia, para isto recorremos à teoria das virtudes apresentada na Ética a Nicômaco pelo filósofo Aristóteles. Nesta obra, Aristóteles centraliza discussões sobre a ética em bases gerais que legitimam o agir humano como uma busca pelo bem supremo (felicidade). A felicidade (eudaimonia) é o fim que visamos em tudo que fazemos. Segundo Aristóteles, a felicidade só pode ser alcançada a partir da prática de ações virtuosas, sendo firmadas em princípios racionais, portanto, somente ao homem é dada a condição de ser feliz. A teoria aristotélica é centrada na prática de atos que podem ser vistos como virtuosos ou não, ou seja, o agir humano é que determina a nossa condição de ser virtuoso. Ser virtuoso consiste em saber encontrar o justo equilíbrio (meio termo) nas ações que realizamos nas diferentes circunstâncias, é estar em equilíbrio entre o excesso e a escassez. Para isso, o agente precisa saber deliberar sobre a melhor ação. É neste sentido que a prudência (virtude intelectual) age junto com a razão para que o indivíduo não somente delibere, mas, delibere bem, ou melhor, acertadamente. Este é o homem prudente, que sabe usar bem a deliberação; ele compreende que a realização da eudaimonia ocorre por meio da utilização das virtudes tanto as ligadas à sabedoria prática quanto às filosóficas. Desse modo, o homem prudente sempre busca os meios justos e a equidade, e tem satisfação em realizar ações corretas. Por isso, a prudência é condição necessária para a eudaimonia; é através dela que realizamos a boa ação, justamente por esta virtude ser ligada ao bem agir.Abstract : This research focuses on the treatment of phronesis as a necessary condition for eudaimonia, for this we use the theory of the virtues presented in the Nicomachean Ethics by philosopher Aristotle. In this work, Aristotle centers discussions on ethics in general basis that legitimize the human act as a search for the highest good (happiness). Happiness (eudaimonia) is the end order that we aim in everything we do. According to Aristotle, happiness can only be achieved from the practice of virtuous actions, and signed on rational principles, therefore, only the man is given the condition of being happy. The Aristotelian theory is centered on acts that can be seen as virtuous or not, that is, human activity is what determines our condition of being virtuous. Being virtuous is to know how to find the right balance (middle) in the actions we take in different circumstances, is to be in balance between excess and scarcity. For this, the agent needs to know to decide on the best action. It is this sense that prudence (intellectual virtue) acts along with the reason for the individual to not only act, but act well, or better, rightly. This is the wise man who knows how to use well the resolution; he understands that the implementation of eudaimonia occurs through the use of virtues both linked to wisdom practice as philosophical. Thus, the wise man always seeks the righteous means and equity, and is pleased to perform right actions. Therefore, prudence is necessary for eudaimonia, through it we do the good deed, precisely for this reason be connected to the act as well
Letter from J. R. Eakin to Arthur G. Ringland
No full textLetter (copy) from J. R. Eakin to Arthur C. Ringland about the alignment of 40 acres near the Buggeln ranch
Letter from Joseph R. Goodman to Claude C. Cornwall, Central Utah Relocation Center, January 13, 1943
No full textLetter from Joseph R. Goodman to Claude C. Cornwall, containing a reference letter regarding William Shiro Hoshiyama. Goodman writes that Hoshiyama and his brother John operated a grocery store before forced removal.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Oblate stability of A approximate to 110 nuclei near the r-process path
No full textEven-even A approximate to 110 nuclei approaching the astrophysical r-process path have been investigated using both the cranked and the configuration-constrained shell models. The calculations show that, with increasing neutron number in the Zgreater than or equal to40 nuclides, nuclear shapes evolve from prolate, through triaxial to oblate deformations. In contrast to other regions of the nuclear chart, pronounced oblate shapes dominate the collective rotation from ground states to very high spins (Isimilar to40), when Ngreater than or equal to70. The stability of the oblate shapes is due to the simultaneous upper-shell neutron and proton Fermi surfaces, reinforced by the rotation alignment behavior of both nucleon types. Configuration-constrained calculations predict the coexistence of well-deformed prolate and oblate multiquasiparticle (isomeric) states.Physics, NuclearSCI(E)49ARTICLE2null6
Composição do óleo essencial de Piper caldense C.D.C. e Piper solmsianum C.D.C. provenientes da Mata Atlântica do litoral do Paraná.
No full textO Brasil possui a maior diversidade vegetal do mundo, dentre as espécies se encontram muitas piperáceas com importância no setor farmacêutico, aromático e condimentar. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar quimicamente o óleo essencial de Piper caldense C.D.C. e Piper solmsianum C. D.C. presentes na mata atlântica do litoral do Paraná.Na publicação: Humberto Bizzo
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