381 research outputs found
Sample Preparation Assisted By Electric Fields: Fundamentals, Advances, Applications, And Trends [preparo De Amostras Assistido Por Campo Elétrico: Fundamentos, Avanços, Aplicações E Tendências]
No full textSample preparation is commonly considered a key step to achieve selective, sensitive, and reliable chemical analyses, particularly those involving complex matrices. Although the application of electric fields to improve the speed and efficiency of sample preparation methods has been proven, this approach is still considered to be state-of-the-art; hence, further development is necessary to improve future applications. This review describes the fundamentals, advances, applications, and perspectives of using electric fields to enhance sample preparation techniques such as liquid-liquid and solid-liquid extractions in conventional and microscale devices.38810931106Pawliszyn, J., (2012) Em Handbook of Solid Phase Microextraction, , Pawliszyn, J.ed. Elsevier: London cap. 1Queiroz, S.C.N., Collins, C.H., Jardim, I.C.S.F., (2001) Quim. Nova, 24, p. 68Caldas, S.S., Goncalves, F.F., Primel, E.G., Prestes, O.D., Martins, M.L., Zanella, R., (2011) Quim. 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Search for pairs of highly collimated photon-jets in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
No full textResults of a search for the pair production of photon-jets—collimated groupings of photons—in the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider are reported. Highly collimated photon-jets can arise from the decay of new, highly boosted particles that can decay to multiple photons collimated enough to be identified in the electromagnetic calorimeter as a single, photonlike energy cluster. Data from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
36.7
fb
−
1
, were collected in 2015 and 2016. Candidate photon-jet pair production events are selected from those containing two reconstructed photons using a set of identification criteria much less stringent than that typically used for the selection of photons, with additional criteria applied to provide improved sensitivity to photon-jets. Narrow excesses in the reconstructed diphoton mass spectra are searched for. The observed mass spectra are consistent with the Standard Model background expectation. The results are interpreted in the context of a model containing a new, high-mass scalar particle with narrow width,
X
, that decays into pairs of photon-jets via new, light particles,
a
. Upper limits are placed on the cross section times the product of branching ratios
σ
×
B
(
X
→
a
a
)
×
B
(
a
→
γ
γ
)
2
for
200
GeV
<
m
X
<
2
TeV
and for ranges of
m
a
from a lower mass of 100 MeV up to between 2 and 10 GeV, depending upon
m
X
. Upper limits are also placed on
σ
×
B
(
X
→
a
a
)
×
B
(
a
→
3
π
0
)
2
for the same range of
m
X
and for ranges of
m
a
from a lower mass of 500 MeV up to between 2 and 10 GeV
Search for pair production of Higgs bosons in the final state using proton--proton collisions at TeV with the ATLAS detector
No full textSee paper for full list of authors - 25 pages plus author list + cover pages (43 pages total), 10 figures, 7 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev. D, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2015-11International audienceA search for Higgs-boson pair production in the final state is carried out with 3.2 fb of proton--proton collision data collected at TeV with the ATLAS detector. The data are consistent with the estimated background and are used to set upper limits on the production cross section of Higgs-boson pairs times branching ratio to for both nonresonant and resonant production. In the case of resonant production of Kaluza--Klein gravitons within the Randall--Sundrum model, upper limits in the 24 to 91 fb range are obtained for masses between 600 and 3000 GeV, at the 95% confidence level. The production cross section times branching ratio for nonresonant Higgs-boson pairs is also constrained to be less than 1.22 pb, at the 95% confidence level
Impact of Nocturnal Hypoglycemia on Daily Sleep Quality, Mood, and Alertness among Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: The HypoMETRICS (Hypoglycaemia Measurement, Thresholds, and Impacts) Study
No full textAim: To examine how hypoglycemia while asleep impacts self-reported daily functioning among adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) .
Methods: On 70 consecutive mornings, 250 people with T1D wearing a continuous glucose monitor reported sleep quality, mood, and alertness via the Hypo-METRICS smartphone app. Each night was categorized based on presence (+) or absence (-) of person-reported hypoglycemia (PRH) and sensor-detected hypoglycemia (SDH) into one of four types (see Figure 1, Type A-D) . Multilevel regression assessed associations between hypoglycemia and daily functioning (unstandardized coefficients (β) on original 0-scale) , adjusted for baseline demographic, clinical and psychological factors.
Results: In the first 54 adults (52% women, age[M±SD]: 45±15 years) , nighttime PRH (Type C & D, Figure 1) was associated with reduced subjective sleep quality (C: β=-0.67; D: β=-0.58) , mood (C: β=-0.43; D: β=-0.58) and alertness (C: β=-0.34, p=0.015; D: β=-0.46) (all p0.05) .
Conclusion: These novel data show the potentially pivotal role of the subjective experience of hypoglycemia for sleep quality, mood and alertness.
Disclosure
U.Soeholm: Research Support; Novo Nordisk A/S. E.Renard: Consultant; Abbott, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation, LifeScan, Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Roche Diabetes Care, Sanofi, Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. E.J.Abbink: None. P.M.Baumann: None. S.R.Heller: Advisory Panel; Eli Lilly and Company, Medtronic, Mylan N.V., Zealand Pharma A/S, Zucara Therapeutics, Other Relationship; Eli Lilly and Company, Research Support; Dexcom, Inc., Speaker's Bureau; Novo Nordisk A/S. B.E.De galan: Research Support; Novo Nordisk. U.Pedersen-bjergaard: Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk A/S, Sanofi. M.Evans: Advisory Panel; Pila Pharma, Zucara Therapeutics, Other Relationship; Abbott Diabetes, Dexcom, Inc., Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Research Support; AstraZeneca, Sanofi, Speaker's Bureau; Lilly Diabetes. D.Pollard: Other Relationship; Novo Nordisk. R.J.Mccrimmon: Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Research Support; Diabetes UK, European Union, MedImmune. S.A.Amiel: Advisory Panel; Medtronic, Novo Nordisk, Other Relationship; Sanofi. M.M.Broadley: None. C.Hendrieckx: None. J.Speight: Advisory Panel; Insulet Corporation, Research Support; Novo Nordisk, Sanofi. P.Choudhary: Advisory Panel; Abbott Diabetes, Lilly Diabetes, Medtronic, Research Support; Novo Nordisk, Speaker's Bureau; Dexcom, Inc., Glooko, Inc., Insulet Corporation, Sanofi. F.Pouwer: Research Support; Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi. N.Zaremba: None. P.Divilly: None. G.Martine-edith: Other Relationship; Novo Nordisk. G.Nefs: None. Z.Mahmoudi: Employee; Novo Nordisk A/S. J.K.Mader: Advisory Panel; Abbott Diabetes, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Eli Lilly and Company, Medtronic, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novo Nordisk A/S, Roche Diabetes Care, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Speaker's Bureau; Abbott Diabetes, Eli Lilly and Company, Medtronic, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Novo Nordisk A/S, Roche Diabetes Care, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Servier Laboratories, Stock/Shareholder; decide Clinical Software GmbH. M.Cigler: None.
Funding
This work was supported by the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement 77746
Measurement of top quark pair differential cross-sections in the dilepton channel in collisions at = 7 and 8 TeV with ATLAS
No full textSee paper for full list of authors - 33 pages plus author list (50 pages total), 11 figures, 10 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev. D, all figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/TOPQ-2015-07/International audienceMeasurements of normalized differential cross-sections of top quark pair () production are presented as a function of the mass, the transverse momentum and the rapidity of the system in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of = 7 TeV and 8 TeV. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb at 7 TeV and 20.2 fb at 8 TeV, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events with top quark pair signatures are selected in the dilepton final state, requiring exactly two charged leptons and at least two jets with at least one of the jets identified as likely to contain a -hadron. The measured distributions are corrected for detector effects and selection efficiency to cross-sections at the parton level. The differential cross-sections are compared with different Monte Carlo generators and theoretical calculations of production. The results are consistent with the majority of predictions in a wide kinematic range
Search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at s√=13 TeV using the ATLAS detector
No full text28 pages plus author list + cover pages (46 pages total), 7 figures, 10 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev. D, see paper for full list of authors.International audienceResults of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses proton--proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb−1 at s√=13 TeV collected in 2015 with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are required to have at least one jet with a transverse momentum above 250 GeV and no leptons. Several signal regions are considered with increasing missing-transverse-momentum requirements between EmissT>250 GeV and EmissT>700 GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model predictions. The results are translated into exclusion limits in models with large extra spatial dimensions, pair production of weakly interacting dark-matter candidates, and the production of supersymmetric particles in several compressed scenarios
Measurements of the charge asymmetry in top-quark pair production in the dilepton final state at s√=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector
No full textSee paper for full list of authors - 27 pages plus author list + cover pages (45 pages total), 8 figures, 4 tables, submitted to Physical Review D, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at this http URLInternational audienceMeasurements of the top--antitop quark pair production charge asymmetry in the dilepton channel are presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb−1 from pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of s√=8 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Inclusive and differential measurements as a function of the invariant mass, transverse momentum, and longitudinal boost of the tt¯ system are performed both in the full phase space and in a fiducial phase space closely matching the detector acceptance. Two observables are studied: AℓℓC based on the selected leptons and Att¯C based on the reconstructed tt¯ final state. The inclusive asymmetries are measured in the full phase space to be AℓℓC=0.008±0.006 and Att¯C=0.021±0.016, which are in agreement with the Standard Model predictions of AℓℓC=0.0064±0.0003 and Att¯C=0.0111±0.0004
Acute hypoglycemia impairs executive cognitive function in adults with and without type 1 diabetes
No full textOBJECTIVE Acute hypoglycemia impairs cognitive function in several domains. Executive cognitive function governs organization of thoughts, prioritization of tasks, and time management. This study examined the effect of acute hypoglycemia on executive function in adults with and without diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Thirty-two adults with and without type 1 diabetes with no vascular complications or impaired awareness of hypoglycemia were studied. Two hyperinsulinemic glucose clamps were performed at least 2 weeks apart in a single-blind, counterbalanced order, maintaining blood glucose at 4.5 mmol/L (euglycemia) or 2.5 mmol/L (hypoglycemia). Executive functions were assessed with a validated test suite (Delis-Kaplan Executive Function). A general linear model (repeated-measures ANOVA) was used. Glycemic condition (euglycemia or hypoglycemia) was the within-participant factor. Between-participant factors were order of session (euglycemia-hypoglycemia or hypoglycemia-euglycemia), test battery used, and diabetes status (with or without diabetes).RESULTSCompared with euglycemia, executive functions (with one exception) were significantly impaired during hypoglycemia; lower test scores were recorded with more time required for completion. Large Cohen d values (>0.8) suggest that hypoglycemia induces decrements in aspects of executive function with large effect sizes. In some tests, the performance of participants with diabetes was more impaired than those without diabetes.CONCLUSIONS Executive cognitive function, which is necessary to carry out many everyday activities, is impaired during hypoglycemia in adults with and without type 1 diabetes. This important aspect of cognition has not received previous systematic study with respect to hypoglycemia. The effect size is large in terms of both accuracy and speed.</p
Search for metastable heavy charged particles with large ionization energy loss in pp collisions at s√=13 TeV using the ATLAS experiment
No full text19 pages plus author list (36 pages total), 7 figures, 5 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev. D, see paper for full list of authorsInternational audienceThis paper presents a search for massive charged long-lived particles produced in pp collisions at s√= 13 TeV at the LHC using the ATLAS experiment. The dataset used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb−1. Many extensions of the Standard Model predict the existence of massive charged long-lived particles, such as R-hadrons. These massive particles are expected to be produced with a velocity significantly below the speed of light, and therefore to have a specific ionization higher than any Standard Model particle of unit charge at high momenta. The Pixel subsystem of the ATLAS detector is used to measure the ionization energy loss of reconstructed charged particles and to search for such highly ionizing particles. The search presented here has much greater sensitivity than a similar search performed using the ATLAS detector in the s√= 8 TeV dataset, thanks to the increase in expected signal cross-section due to the higher center-of-mass energy of collisions, to an upgraded detector with a new silicon layer close to the interaction point, and to analysis improvements. No significant deviation from Standard Model background expectations is observed, and lifetime-dependent upper limits on R-hadron production cross-sections and masses are set. Gluino R-hadrons with lifetimes above 0.4 ns and decaying to qq¯ plus a 100 GeV neutralino are excluded at the 95% confidence level, with lower mass limit ranging between 740 GeV and 1590 GeV. In the case of stable R-hadrons the lower mass limit at the 95% confidence level is 1570 GeV
Inversion of chromosome 16 and uncommon rearrangements of the CBFB and MYH11 genes in therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia: rare events related to DNA-topoisomerase II inhibitors?
No full textPURPOSE To evaluate the frequency of inversion of chromosome 16 (inv[16]) and the type of rearrangement of the CBFB and MYH11 genes in therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) and to evaluate a possible relationship to specific types of previous chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Cytogenetic studies were performed in 180 consecutive patients with therapy-related myelodysplasia (t-MDS) or t-AML in Copenhagen and in 270 consecutive patients in Chicago. Leukemic cells were available for studies of the molecular biology in 72 patients, including four with inv(16). RESULTS An inv(16)(p13q22) was observed in only two of 180 cases of t-MDS and t-AML in Copenhagen and in only four of 270 cases of t-MDS and t-AML in Chicago. Four patients with t-AML and inv(16) previously had received combination chemotherapy, which included an alkylating agent, and in two a DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor was included (mitoxantrone and etoposide). One patient had received paclitaxel followed by etoposide and one patient had received radiotherapy only. One patient, previously treated with mitoxantrone and cyclophosphamide for breast cancer, presented a new and, to our knowledge not previously reported, type of fusion transcript, with breakpoint at nt 399 of the CBFB gene and at nt 2134 of the MYH11 gene. Two patients previously treated with alkylating agents both presented the less common type D transcript, whereas the most common A transcript, observed in 80% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) de novo with inv(16), only was observed in the patient treated with paclitaxel and etoposide for leiomyosarcoma. Bone marrow or blood cells from 68 patients with t-MDS and t-AML without an inv(16) all were found to be negative for chimeric rearrangement between the CBFB gene and the MYH11 gene. CONCLUSION The present study and a review of the literature shows that inv(16) is an uncommon aberration in t-AML and, like balanced translocations to chromosome bands 11q23 and 21q22 and the t(15;17), often is associated with prior chemotherapy with DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors. Breakpoints within the MYH11 gene may vary between t-AML and AML de novo. </jats:sec
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