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The source of the cosmic-ray excess in the Centaurus region-Constraints on possible candidates, mass composition and cosmic magnetic fields
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326611.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access
Disentangling perceptual from non-perceptual expectation biases in short-term memory
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325919.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)There is debate about how many items can be represented in visual consciousness at once. Evidence against the view that visual consciousness consists of many detailed items has come from a study using the partial-report paradigm. De Gardelle et al. (2009) showed that rotated letters shown in non-cued (i.e., unattended) parts of a briefly presented letter array are sometimes illusorily perceived as upright. Presumably, the expectation that letters are generally seen upright modulated a rotated letter's visual representation towards an upright one. The present study elaborates on this finding by comparing reports of rotated letters to two kinds of controls: letters shown upright, and letters that were not shown in the preceding stimulus. Results showed that participants were able to discriminate non-cued letters from not-shown letters, providing evidence that such letters remained available for some time after stimulus offset. This was found for letters that were shown upright but also for letters shown inverted. Upright letters were reported as upright more often than not-shown letters were, showing that information about letter orientation was preserved. Inverted letters were also reported as upright but, importantly, not more so than not-shown letters were. This replicates the earlier finding that inverted letters can be reported as upright but shows that such errors might be attributable to non-perceptual stages of processing. Post-perceptual biases influencing reports of visual representations might present a new ground to distinguish between phenomenally conscious contents and reports thereof.8 p
Maternal infection - but not inflammation - is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms during childhood: a population-based cohort study
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325662.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)9 p
Delineating coronary epicardial stenosis status from microvascular dysfunction using pressure-drop coefficient from multicenter ILIAS registry.
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324785.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)INTRODUCTION: Pressure-based fractional flow reserve (FFR) and flow-based coronary flow reserve (CFR) assess the functional status of coronary artery disease (CAD) during cardiac catheterization. Complex hemodynamics may not be adequately explained by either pressure or flow alone. Consequently, pressure-drop coefficient (CDP, the ratio between pressure-drop across a stenosis and distal dynamic pressure) that combines both pressure and flow measurements has been developed to distinguish between epicardial stenosis (ES) and microvascular disease (MVD). METHODS: A global multicenter ILIAS registry was used to analyze CDP in relation to FFR/CFR among 961 subjects for 1342 intracoronary pressure and flow measurements. The correlation between FFR and CFR with CDP was analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the CDP cut-off value, corresponding to FFR = 0.80 and 0.75 and CFR = 2.0. RESULTS: Both linear (r = 0.68) and logarithmic (r = 0.75) correlation of CDP with combined FFR and CFR improved (p < 0.001) in relation to either FFR or CFR individually. The CDP cut-off values to predict the four possible disease combinations based on FFR(0.8) and CFR(2.0) are: 1) 0 to 15.78 (absence of both diseases); 2) 15.78 to 27.25 (absence of ES and presence of MVD); 3) 27.25 to 73.77 (presence of ES and absence of MVD); and 4) CDP ≥ 73.77 (presence of both diseases). Similar CDP cut-off ranges were obtained for FFR = 0.75 and CFR = 2.0. CONCLUSION: The established diagnostic cut-off values of CDP can differentiate between the concomitant ES and MVD, improving the functional assessment of CAD. CONDENSED ABSTRACT: Fractional flow reserve and coronary flow reserve assess the functional status of coronary artery disease (CAD) during cardiac catheterization, but the complex hemodynamics may not be adequately explained by either parameter alone. Pressure-drop coefficient (CDP) is a novel composite parameter that combines both pressure and flow measurements to delineate between epicardial stenosis (ES) and microvascular disease (MVD). ILIAS registry was used to analyze the diagnostic performance of CDP relative to FFR/CFR. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the CDP cut-off values, that delineate the various combinations of ES and MVD; hence, improving the functional assessment of CAD
Unpacking similarity effects in visual memory search: Categorical, semantic, and visual contributions
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325909.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Visual memory search involves comparing a visual probe item against multiple memorized items. Previous work has shown that distractor probes from a different object category than the objects in the memory set are rejected more quickly than distractor probes from the same category. Because objects belonging to the same superordinate category usually share both visual and semantic features compared with objects of different categories, it is unclear whether the category effects reported in previous studies reflected visual and/or semantic target-distractor similarity. Here, we employed old/new recognition tasks to examine the role of categorical, semantic, and visual similarity in short- and long-term memory search. Participants (N = 64) performed visual long-term memory (LTM) or short-term memory (STM) search tasks involving animate and inanimate objects. Trial-wise RT variability to distractor probes in LTM and STM search was modelled using regression analyses that included predictors capturing categorical target-distractor similarity (same or different category), semantic target-distractor similarity (from a distributional semantic model), and visual target-distractor similarity (from a deep neural network). We found that categorical, semantic, and visual similarity all explained unique variance in trial-wise memory search performance. However, their respective contributions varied with memory set size and task, with STM performance being relatively more strongly influenced by visual and categorical similarity and LTM performance being relatively more strongly influenced by semantic similarity. These results clarify the nature of the representations used in memory search and reveal both similarities and differences between search in STM and LTM.11 p
From pregnancy to postpartum: The interplay between maternal mental health and diet
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322726.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access)During the perinatal period, mental health issues and poor diet quality can adversely affect maternal and infant outcomes. Previous studies described associations between perinatal mental health and diet quality, but the direction of these associations remains unclear. Additionally, most studies lack insight into how these associations fluctuate within individuals over time. Therefore, this longitudinal, preregistered study in Dutch women (N = 160) examined both between- and within-person associations between maternal mental health and diet from mid pregnancy to the early postpartum. In each of three waves of data collection, women reported on their mental health complaints (depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms) and dietary intake (food frequency questionnaire). Hair samples were collected to measure hair cortisol concentrations corresponding to each wave. Using random intercept cross-lagged panel models, we found no evidence for robust between-person associations between mental health and diet quality across the three waves. We did find associations between higher levels of mental health complaints and poorer diet quality at 18 weeks of pregnancy. Furthermore, the models did not show evidence for any within-person associations, indicating one person's mental health complaints did not predict later diet quality nor vice versa. Future studies with larger, more diverse samples are needed to replicate these results, including timing within the perinatal period and eating styles.13 p
From Diverse Origins to a DEI Crisis: The Pushback Against Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in Software Engineering
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Cognition, apathy, and gait dysfunction in cerebral small vessel disease: A shared neural basis?
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319769.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)2 p
0-1 Laws for LTL and CTL over Random Transition Systems
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The rapid-response, fully-automated, near-Earth asteroid follow-up program with the SAAO's 1-m Lesedi telescope
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325604.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)9 p