10 research outputs found
Tutor de aprendizaje para la herramienta Tkprof
No full textLa Universidad Libre, frente a los retos de la modernidad pedagógica, ha estructurado un modelo, para la formación de sus estudiantes que acoplando el enfoque basado en competencias explota las ventajas de la computación pervasiva; este trabajo, constituye la base de referenciación y validación funcional que califica mediante el uso de la herramienta EXCELEARNING la estructura de un tutor de aprendizaje.
Dada la complejidad de aprendizaje, se ha enfocado un Objeto Virtual de Aprendizaje (OVA) para hacer práctico este proceso; el asistente de aprendizaje fue realizado mediante una herramienta de autor, usando la “Metodología para la Construcción de Objetos Virtuales de Aprendizaje (MECCOVA)”.
El tratamiento de la herramienta TKPROF es producto de la realización integral de la determinación, el procesamiento, del empleo de herramientas de autor y del andamiaje constructivista, garantizando el rol del profesor quien enseña a pensar, enseña sobre el pensar y determina la base del pensar.Liberty University, opposite to the challenges of the pedagogic modernity, a model has structured, for the formation of his students that connecting the approach based on competitions it exploits the advantages of the computation pervasiva; this work, it constitutes the base of referenciación and functional validation that qualifies by means of the use of the tool EXCELEARNING the structure of a tutor of learning.
Given the complexity of learning, there has been focused a Virtual Object of Learning (OVA) to make this process practical; the assistant of learning was realized by means of an author's tool, using the " Methodology for the Construction of Virtual Objects of Learning (MECCOVA) ".
The treatment of the tool TKPROF is a product of the integral accomplishment of the determination, the processing, of the employment of tools of author and of the scaffolding constructivista, guaranteeing the role of the teacher who teaches to think, teaches on to think and determines the base of to think
La competencia sociocultural del profesor en formación inicial de lenguas extranjeras
No full textThis paper presents a study carried out in relation to the development of the sociocultural competence in pre-service Foreign Language teachers at “Félix Varela” Pedagogical University. First of all, the study presents both the conceptual and operational definitions of the term, assuming a notion of competence as a complex psychological configuration. Then, it presents the essential features of a didactic model, specifically designed by the author for the development process of such competence in the particular context of a c urricular discipline named Integrated English Practice. The implementation of the model was carried out through a pedagogical pre-experiment. Different methods belonging to both the theoretical and the empirical levels of knowledge were used for the experiment. Within the empirical level the most important ones were the pedagogical test, the survey, the scientific observation, and the analysis of documents. The results of the study were essentially positive, which stimulated the development of further research on the matter pursuing improvement and efficiency. El artículo presenta un estudio realizado en torno al desarrollo de la competencia sociocultural del profesor en formación inicial de Lenguas Extranjeras en la Universidad de Ciencias Pedagógicas Félix Varela. En primer lugar, se ofrece la definición tanto conceptual como operacional del término, se asume una concepción de competencia como configuración psicológica compleja; luego se presentan los rasgos esenciales de un modelo didáctico específicamente diseñado por la autora para el proceso de desarrollo de esta competencia en los marcos específicos de la disciplina Práctica Integral de la Lengua Inglesa. La implementación práctica se desarrolló a través de un pre-experimento pedagógico en la propia universidad. Para ello se emplearon métodos de los niveles teórico y empírico del conocimiento. Entre estos últimos se destacan la prueba pedagógica, la encuesta, la observación científica y el análisis documental. Los resultados del estudio fueron positivos en esencia, lo que constituyó un estímulo para alentar la continuidad del proceso investigativo en pos del perfeccionamiento y la eficiencia. 
Update of Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transmission in France: Zero Transmission for 5482 Mothers on Continuous Antiretroviral Therapy From Conception and With Undetectable Viral Load at Delivery
No full textInternational audienceBACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is remarkably effective in preventing perinatal transmission (PT) of HIV-1. We evaluated the PT rate in a population of women with widespread access to ART before conception. METHODS: The analysis included 14 630 women with HIV-1 who delivered from 2000 to 2017 at centers participating in the nationwide prospective multicenter French Perinatal Cohort (ANRS-EPF). PT was analyzed according to time period, timing of ART initiation, maternal plasma viral load (pVL), and gestational age at birth. No infants were breastfed, and all received neonatal prophylaxis. RESULTS: PT decreased between 3 periods, from 1.1% in 2000-2005 (58/5123) to 0.7% in 2006-2010 (30/4600) and to 0.2% in 2011-2017 (10/4907; P < .001). Restriction of the analysis to the 6316/14 630 (43%) women on ART at conception, PT decreased from 0.42% (6/1434) in 2000-2005 to 0.03% (1/3117) in 2011-2017 (P = .007). Among women treated at conception, if maternal pVL was undetectable near delivery, no PT was observed regardless of the ART combination [95%CI 0-0.07] (0/5482). Among women who started ART during pregnancy and with undetectable pVL near delivery, PT was 0.57% [95%CI 0.37-0.83] (26/4596). Among women treated at conception but with a detectable pVL near delivery, PT was 1.08% [95%CI 0.49-2.04] (9/834). We also qualitatively described 10 cases of transmission that occurred during the 2011-2017 period. CONCLUSIONS: In a setting with free access to ART, monthly pVL assessment, infant ART prophylaxis, and in the absence of breastfeeding, suppressive ART initiated before pregnancy and continued throughout pregnancy can reduce PT of HIV to almost zero
Does changing antiretroviral therapy in the first trimester for pregnancy-related concerns have an impact on viral suppression ?: Changing ART in pregnancy and viral suppression ?
No full textInternational audienceOBJECTIVE:To determine whether changing antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy because of concern about fetal risks led to poorer virological outcomes.METHODS:All pregnancies in women with HIV-1 infection enrolled in the national multicenter prospective French Perinatal cohort at 14 week gestation or more were included between January 2005 and December 2015, if the mother was on ART at conception with a plasma viral load <50 copies/mL. The reasons for a change in the ART were analyzed according to treatment guidelines at the time of the pregnancy and defined as for safety concerns in the absence of reported maternal intolerance. Virological and pregnancy outcomes were studied by survival analysis and logistic regression adjusted for a propensity score established for each patient according to baseline characteristics.RESULTS:Of 7079 pregnancies in the overall cohort, 1797 had ART at conception with a viral load <50 copies/mL before 14 week gestation. Of these, 22 changed regimens in the first trimester for intolerance, and 411 of the remaining 1775 (23%) solely for safety concerns. The proportion of change was higher when the initial treatment was not recommended in the national guidelines (OR adjusted: 23.1 [14.0-38.2]), than when it was an alternative option (ORa: 2.2 [1.3-3.7]), as compared to recommended first-line regimens. Treatment changes for safety concerns did not lead to poorer virological control, compared with pregnancies without such changes (19.3% vs. 15.6%, HRa: 1.0 [0.7-1.4]).CONCLUSIONS:Changing ART early in pregnancy to regimens considered safer for pregnancy, and neonatal health did not have a destabilizing effect on viral suppression
Effectiveness and safety of saquinavir/ritonavir in HIV-infected pregnant women: INEMA cohort.
No full textInternational audienceOBJECTIVE: The authors had for aim to describe the effectiveness and the safety of a saquinavir/ritonavir (SQV/r) regimen, 1000/100mg twice daily, in HIV-infected pregnant patients. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We made a prospective and observational study of HIV positive female patients beginning or going on SQV/r antiretroviral treatment (ART) during pregnancy. RESULTS: Sixty-two patients were enrolled from July 2007 to June 2009 in 10 infectious diseases units in France. Thirty-six women (group 1) were ART naive on inclusion, 20 (group 2) had been previously treated and then switched to SQV/r, six (group 3) were treated with SQV/r before pregnancy. 58 patients delivered while on SQV/r regimen after a median pregnancy duration of 39 WA. Eighty percent had a viral load below 50 copies/mL and 93% below 400 copies/mL: respectively 77% and 93.5% in group 1, 83% and 89% in group 2, 83% and 100% in group 3. The median SQV minimum concentrations (C(min)) measured at the third trimester and at delivery were adequate, respectively 0.91 mg/L and 0.86 mg/L. Most women (52%) had a vaginal delivery; 12 (21%) had an elective caesarean section, for obstetrics factors in eight cases. None of the newborns were HIV-infected at 6 months of age (n = 59, one death at day 3). Only one severe adverse event occurred due to saquinavir (maternal grade 3 hepatotoxicity). CONCLUSION: SQV/r 1000/100mg twice daily seems to be effective and safe in HIV-infected pregnant women with adequate saquinavir C(min)
<b>Crustal seismic anisotropy, paleostress field, seismic stresses and displacements in the Eastern Alps.</b>
No full textThis dataset comprises spreadsheets with fault plane solutions, seismic anisotropy, paleostress data, seismic displacements in the Eastern Alps and is attached to the manuscript "Stress patterns and crustal anisotropy in the Eastern Alps: insights from seismological and geological observations" by F. Villani, A. Antonioli, M. Pastori, P. Baccheschi and M.G. Ciaccio under review on Tectonics. The used relevant papers are cited in the companion paper. The pickings and waveforms used for the splitting analysis and focal mechanisms computations are available at ISIDe (ISIDe working group, 2016 v. 1.0, doi: 10.13127/ISIDe) and EIDA (European Integrated Data Archive http://eida.rm.ingv.it/).S1.xlsxSelection of fault plane solutions from literature (reference work in the field “author”) and our new determinations. The following abbreviations are used: Saraò_etal2021, PondrelliSalimbeni2006, Viganò_etal2008, Reiter_etal2018, Petersen_etal2021, TDMT_Ingv (solutions after http://terremoti.ingv.it/tdmt), this work (original solutions in this study).Other fields: date (format yyyy-mm-dd), hour (UTC), lat (latitude in decimal degrees, hereinafter dd), lon (longitude in dd), depth (in km), magnitude, type (magnitude type), strike1 (strike of plane 1 in degrees, hereinafter °), dip1 (dip of plane 1 in °), rake1 (rake of plane 1 in °), strike2 (strike of plane 2 in °), dip2 (dip of plane 2 in °), rake2 (rake of plane 2 in °), P_pl (plunge of P-axis in °), P_az (trend of P-axis in °), B_pl (plunge of B-axis in °), B_az (trend of B-axis in °), T_pl (plunge of T-axis in °), T_az (trend of T-axis in °), SHmax (orientation of most-compressive horizontal stress in °), Shmin (orientation of least-compressive horizontal stress in °), regime_ index (stress regime index R’), regime_code (faulting type; NF, normal faulting; NS, normal-strike slip faulting; SS, strike-slip faulting; TF, thrust faulting; TS thrust-strike slip faulting; UF, undefined faulting).S2.xlsxResults of shear wave splitting analysis. The fields are:origin_time: origin time of the earthquake yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ss.ss followed by the code of the seismic station;lon_event: earthquake longitude dd;lat_event: earthquake latitude dd;depth: earthquake depth in km;station: station name;lon_station: station longitude;lat_station: station latitude;elevation: station elevation in m a.s.l.;φ: azimuth of fast direction, in ° clockwise from North;err_φ: uncertainty in fast direction, in °;null_orientation: azimuth of null direction, in ° clockwise from North;err_null: uncertainty in null direction, in °;δt: delay time in sec;err_δt: error in delay time in sec;CC: cross-correlation coefficient; weight (adimensional);hypo_distance: hypocentral distance in km;S/N_ratio: signal to noise ratio;normalized_δt: delay time normalized by the ray path;ic: incidence angle, in °;back_azimuth: back azimuth in °;julian_day: Julian day;resampled_δt: resampled delay time, in sec;lat_PP: latitude of piercing point;lon_PP: longitude of piercing point.S3.xlsxCompilation of paleostress tensors selected from published papers plus some original paleostress determinations (this work). Each record describes a single paleostress tensor, with the following information:ID: identifier used in this work;No_station: station number in the reference work;Paper_ref: abbreviated reference of the published paper (our original data are labelled as “This study”);Source_work: the original paper from which data are taken: this field does not correspond to Paper_ref when the reference paper is a compilation of several datasets from other papers;Station: the name of the station in the reference paper;Stat_code: the code of the station in the reference paper;lon_dd: longitude dd;lat_dd: latitude dd;Formation/Tectonic unit: the geological formation or main tectonic unit;Lithology: the prevailing lithology;Age_of_stratigraphic_unit: the inferred age of the studied rockmass;N[all]: the number of fault slip data used for paleostress calculation;N[D]: the number of fault slip data compatible with the paleostress tensor;Stress_regime/Tectonic_event: the overall stress regime and/or associated tectonic event;Method_applied: the applied inversion method (PBT, PBT-axes; RD: right dihedron; DI, direct inversion; NDA, numerical dynamic analysis; rot. opt., rotational optimization);σ1_trend: trend of principal stress axis σ1 in °;σ1_plunge: plunge of σ1 in °;σ2_trend: trend of principal stress axis σ2 in °;σ2_plunge: plunge of σ2 in °;σ3_trend: trend of principal stress axis σ3 in °;σ3_plunge: plunge of σ3 in °;SHmax_Trend_Lund: the orientation of SHmax corrected according to Lund & Townend (2007);R: the stress ratio R=[(s2-s3)/(s1-s3)];notes: comments, when available.When paleostress results are not available in numeric format, we: 1) digitized the stereonets using the Stereonet© v.11 software (Allmendiger et al., 2012); 2) inverted digitized data with the RD method. When the published data do not have coordinates, paleostress sites coordinates were obtained by georeferencing the figures with ArcMap software by ESRI.S4.xlsxResults of stress analysis from fault plane solutions within the seismotectonic domains defined in the companion paper. The SHmax direction is calculated according to Lund & Townend (2007). φb is the Bishop’s ratio from the BRTM method, and is equal to R = (σ2-σ3)/(σ1-σ3). The general stress regime is defined as output from the PBT and RD methods (faulting codes as in S1.xlsx).S5.xlsxCumulative seismic displacement in the study area at different depth intervals (in km). The coordinates are in meters (WGS84 datum, zone 32N). The east-west, north-south and vertical displacement components (in meters) are Ux_m, Uy_m and Uz_m, respectively. Z- axis positive upward.S6.xlsxCoordinates and breakout orientation and intervals from the boreholes that we included in the SHmax maps.Id: borehole ID;Lat: latitude dd;Lon: longitude dd;Shmin: orientation of Shmin in ° clockwise from North;SHmax: orientation of SHmax in ° clockwise from North;Q: quality of breakout;Reference: reference paper;Sd: standard deviation (1σ) of SHmax orientation;BO_top: breakout top in m b.s.l.);BO_bottom: breakout bottom in m b.s.l.;Year: year of borehole drilling;Depth: depth of well in meters;Well_name: name of well.S7.xlsxCircular statistics (Von Mises distribution) of anisotropic parameters (φ and null direction), faults and orientation of SHmax (from earthquakes) within each seismotectonic domain in ° (positive, clockwise from North). The fields are:domain: name of seismotectonic domain;N_φ: number of φ measurements;φ _max: directional bin of maximum frequency of φ direction;φ _av: mean trend of φ;φ_1σ: 1σ of φ trend;N_null: number of null measurements;null_max: directional bin of maximum frequency of null direction;null_av: mean trend of null direction;null_1σ: 1σ of null direction;N_faults: number of faults;Faults_strike_max: directional bin of maximum frequency of fault direction;Faults_strike_av: average fault trend;Faults_strike_1σ: 1σ of fault direction;N_SHmax: number of SHmax measurements;SHmax_max: directional bin of maximum frequency of SHmax orientation;SHmax_av: average orientation of SHmax;SHmax_1σ: 1σ of SHmax orientation.SHmax_interp.xlsxInterpolated current SHmax orientations (from earthquakes and borehole breakouts) on regular 0.1° grid. The fieds are: Lat (latitude dd), Lon (longitude dd), SHmax_azimuth (orientation of SHmax in °); 90%_confidence (90% confidence interval of SHmax orientation in °).paleoSHmax_interp.xlsxInterpolated paleo-SHmax orientations on regular 0.1° grid. The fieds are: Lat (latitude dd), Lon (longitude dd), SHmax_azimuth (orientation of paleo-SHmax in °); 90%_confidence (90% confidence interval of paleo-SHmax orientation in °).</p
MONOGEST study
No full textInternational audienceObjectives: Because NRTIs can have fetal toxicities, we evaluated a perinatal NRTI-sparing strategy to prevent perinatal HIV transmission. Our primary objective was to determine the proportion maintaining a viral load (VL) of 50 copies/mL. Neonates received nevirapine prophylaxis for 14 days.Results: Of 89 patients switching to darunavir/ritonavir monotherapy, 4 miscarried before 22 weeks' gestation, 2 changed treatment for elevated liver enzymes without virological failure, and 83 were evaluable for the main outcome. Six had virological failure confirmed on a repeat sample (median VL=193 copies/mL; range 78-644), including two before switching to monotherapy. In these six cases, ART was intensified with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine. The success rate was 75/83, 90.4% (95% CI, 81.9%-95.7%) considering two patients with VL missing at delivery as failures, and 77/83, 92.8% (95% CI, 84.9%-97.3%) when considering them as successes since both had undetectable VL on darunavir/ritonavir throughout pregnancy. In ITT, the last available VL before delivery was <50 copies/mL in all of the patients. There was no case of perinatal HIV transmission.Conclusions: Darunavir/ritonavir maintenance monotherapy required intensification in nearly 10% of cases. This limits its widespread use, thus other regimens should be evaluated in order to limit exposure to antiretrovirals, particularly NRTIs, during pregnancy
Correction: Rare predicted loss-of-function variants of type I IFN immunity genes are associated with life-threatening COVID-19
No full textInternational audienc
Rare predicted loss-of-function variants of type I IFN immunity genes are associated with life-threatening COVID-19
No full textBackgroundWe previously reported that impaired type I IFN activity, due to inborn errors of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I interferon (IFN) immunity or to autoantibodies against type I IFN, account for 15-20% of cases of life-threatening COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients. Therefore, the determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 remain to be identified in similar to 80% of cases.MethodsWe report here a genome-wide rare variant burden association analysis in 3269 unvaccinated patients with life-threatening COVID-19, and 1373 unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals without pneumonia. Among the 928 patients tested for autoantibodies against type I IFN, a quarter (234) were positive and were excluded.ResultsNo gene reached genome-wide significance. Under a recessive model, the most significant gene with at-risk variants was TLR7, with an OR of 27.68 (95%CI 1.5-528.7, P=1.1x10(-4)) for biochemically loss-of-function (bLOF) variants. We replicated the enrichment in rare predicted LOF (pLOF) variants at 13 influenza susceptibility loci involved in TLR3-dependent type I IFN immunity (OR=3.70[95%CI 1.3-8.2], P=2.1x10(-4)). This enrichment was further strengthened by (1) adding the recently reported TYK2 and TLR7 COVID-19 loci, particularly under a recessive model (OR=19.65[95%CI 2.1-2635.4], P=3.4x10(-3)), and (2) considering as pLOF branchpoint variants with potentially strong impacts on splicing among the 15 loci (OR=4.40[9%CI 2.3-8.4], P=7.7x10(-8)). Finally, the patients with pLOF/bLOF variants at these 15 loci were significantly younger (mean age [SD]=43.3 [20.3] years) than the other patients (56.0 [17.3] years; P=1.68x10(-5)).ConclusionsRare variants of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I IFN immunity genes can underlie life-threatening COVID-19, particularly with recessive inheritance, in patients under 60 years old.BackgroundWe previously reported that impaired type I IFN activity, due to inborn errors of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I interferon (IFN) immunity or to autoantibodies against type I IFN, account for 15-20% of cases of life-threatening COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients. Therefore, the determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 remain to be identified in similar to 80% of cases.MethodsWe report here a genome-wide rare variant burden association analysis in 3269 unvaccinated patients with life-threatening COVID-19, and 1373 unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals without pneumonia. Among the 928 patients tested for autoantibodies against type I IFN, a quarter (234) were positive and were excluded.ResultsNo gene reached genome-wide significance. Under a recessive model, the most significant gene with at-risk variants was TLR7, with an OR of 27.68 (95%CI 1.5-528.7, P=1.1x10(-4)) for biochemically loss-of-function (bLOF) variants. We replicated the enrichment in rare predicted LOF (pLOF) variants at 13 influenza susceptibility loci involved in TLR3-dependent type I IFN immunity (OR=3.70[95%CI 1.3-8.2], P=2.1x10(-4)). This enrichment was further strengthened by (1) adding the recently reported TYK2 and TLR7 COVID-19 loci, particularly under a recessive model (OR=19.65[95%CI 2.1-2635.4], P=3.4x10(-3)), and (2) considering as pLOF branchpoint variants with potentially strong impacts on splicing among the 15 loci (OR=4.40[9%CI 2.3-8.4], P=7.7x10(-8)). Finally, the patients with pLOF/bLOF variants at these 15 loci were significantly younger (mean age [SD]=43.3 [20.3] years) than the other patients (56.0 [17.3] years; P=1.68x10(-5)).ConclusionsRare variants of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I IFN immunity genes can underlie life-threatening COVID-19, particularly with recessive inheritance, in patients under 60 years old.A
Rare predicted loss-of-function variants of type I IFN immunity genes are associated with life-threatening COVID-19
No full textBackgroundWe previously reported that impaired type I IFN activity, due to inborn errors of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I interferon (IFN) immunity or to autoantibodies against type I IFN, account for 15-20% of cases of life-threatening COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients. Therefore, the determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 remain to be identified in similar to 80% of cases.MethodsWe report here a genome-wide rare variant burden association analysis in 3269 unvaccinated patients with life-threatening COVID-19, and 1373 unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals without pneumonia. Among the 928 patients tested for autoantibodies against type I IFN, a quarter (234) were positive and were excluded.ResultsNo gene reached genome-wide significance. Under a recessive model, the most significant gene with at-risk variants was TLR7, with an OR of 27.68 (95%CI 1.5-528.7, P=1.1x10(-4)) for biochemically loss-of-function (bLOF) variants. We replicated the enrichment in rare predicted LOF (pLOF) variants at 13 influenza susceptibility loci involved in TLR3-dependent type I IFN immunity (OR=3.70[95%CI 1.3-8.2], P=2.1x10(-4)). This enrichment was further strengthened by (1) adding the recently reported TYK2 and TLR7 COVID-19 loci, particularly under a recessive model (OR=19.65[95%CI 2.1-2635.4], P=3.4x10(-3)), and (2) considering as pLOF branchpoint variants with potentially strong impacts on splicing among the 15 loci (OR=4.40[9%CI 2.3-8.4], P=7.7x10(-8)). Finally, the patients with pLOF/bLOF variants at these 15 loci were significantly younger (mean age [SD]=43.3 [20.3] years) than the other patients (56.0 [17.3] years; P=1.68x10(-5)).ConclusionsRare variants of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I IFN immunity genes can underlie life-threatening COVID-19, particularly with recessive inheritance, in patients under 60 years old
