19 research outputs found
Communism, Nationalism, and the State: Ideological Debate between Sukarno and Isa Anshary, 1945-1970
No full textSukarno as a figure nationalist-secular and Isa Anshary as a figure nationalist-Islamic political orientations has created political ideological debates in Indonesia. This research aims to analyze both figures’ thoughts based on recorded ideological debates in historical events and their compromise under ideology of communism. This historical issue was analyzed using intellectual history and political approach and was grounded in ideology and state theories. This historical research was conducted through several stages: heuristic, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The findings indicate that the ideological debates between Sukarno and Isa Anshary arose due to intellectual influences that led to differences in their perspectives, particularly concerning the ideology of communism. Sukarno's thoughts about communism were interpreted as a philosophy of materialism used to fight imperialism and colonialism, then his thoughts about nationalism in the form of national equality to escape the grip of colonialists, and he articulated democracy as a state concept. Meanwhile, Isa Anshary, he believes that communism is an anti-God ideology that degrades the Islamic faith, then according to him nationalism is the concept of nationalism as integration (berjamaah), and voicing Islamic ideology in the concept of the state. Furthermore, the views of Sukarno and Isa Anshary on communism also had implications for their differing stances on nationalism, the state, and political attitudes during the period leading up to the 1955 elections. In addition, the ideological debate between the two had an impact on Indonesian politics, such as political polarization and conflict in Indonesian society until the end of the Old Order
Perjuangan Umat Islam dalam Gerakan Front Anti Komunis di Indonesia, 1954-1958
No full textThis article is a social history research which in general is to analyze the events of the Anti-Communist Front movement. The method used in this article is the historical method and the data collection in writing this article uses library research. The results showed that the Anti-Communist Front movement was a movement aimed at fighting the ideology of communism. In this case, the resistance of the Anti-Communist Front movement was aimed at the PKI, because the PKI was a party that had a fairly large cadre, so with the large number of PKI cadres, it was feared that the ideology of communism would affect the beliefs or beliefs of Muslims. The PKI also had a strong political influence in Indonesia, especially in the 1955 elections, but what became the concern of the Anti-Communist Front was the PKI's revolutionary political attitude, so that the PKI often abused, slandered, and even killed the elite of Islamic political parties, the Kyai, as well as among the students for their political ambitions
Islam dan Politik Identitas: Konflik pada Gerakan 212 dalam Perspektif Sejarah Indonesia
No full textPolitics of identity often triggers conflicts to emerge on the surface of Indonesian society. In this case, the 212 movement is a formal object that is considered to be included in politics of identity that uses Islam as the spirit of its movement. This article aims to analyze the politics of identity of the 212 movements through a historical frame. This study uses historical methods, as well as sociological approaches and conflict theory as tools in analyzing historical events. With the methods, approaches, and theories used, this research will then not only work in a narrative descriptive but rather in an analytical descriptive, so that this article can produce an authoritative work on social history in the contemporary era. The result of this study is that the 212 movements began when there was blasphemy committed by Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (Ahok) during a speech in the Kepulauan Seribu. In its development, the 212 movements changed their orientation to a politics of identity movement which often caused conflicts during religious and socio-political life. During various conflicts that have arisen, the government together with moderate Islamic organizations such as NU and Muhammadiyah must be role models to maintain the unity of the Indonesian nation.Keywords: 212 Movement; Islamic Ideology; Politics of Identit
Sejarah Pemikiran Dakwah Islam Isa Anshary Tahun 1940-1969
No full textThis article aims to reconstruct the history of Isa Anshary\u27s Islamic da\u27wah thought which is still not widely found in Islamic historiography in Indonesia. This study uses an intellectual history approach (intellectual history) and historical actor theory. The method used in this study is the historical method through four stages, namely data collection or sources (heuristics), source criticism, interpretation and historiography. Based on the historical approach, theory, and method used, this research is not only descriptive-narrative, but also analytical-descriptive by elaborating the sources obtained. The results of this study indicate that Isa Anshary was a scholar who throughout his life struggled for the da\u27wah of Islam. Isa Anshary\u27s Islamic da\u27wah thought is complex and integral to aspects of human life. That is, the arena of da\u27wah is not limited to just inviting ritual worship, but must enter other aspects such as education, economics, and even politics. Isa Anshary\u27s Islamic da\u27wah can be analyzed through his da\u27wah activities when he was the general chairman of the Islamic Union (Persis) and the Masyumi Party. In Persis and Masyumi, the Islamic da\u27wah delivered by Isa Anshary is not just a word that is conveyed, but is implemented with action, so that the thoughts and attitude of the da\u27wah shown by Isa Anshary have a great influence on Muslims for socio-religious and political in post-independence Indonesia.Keywords: Da\u27wah, Isa Anshary, Islam
KOMUNISME DAN NEGARA DALAM PANDANGAN SUKARNO DAN ISA ANSHARY, 1945-1970
No full textSukarno and Isa Anshary are two figures who are representatives of nationalist-secular and Islamic politics. The main problem in this study is the views of Sukarno and Isa Anshary on communism, so that these views were very influential in the views of the state and the political attitudes of the two figures in Indonesia in 1945-1970. Discourses about Sukarno and Isa Anshary are often portrayed within the framework of nationalism and ideological vis-à-vis between secularism and Islam, but in this research there is a more specific context among the ideological debates that took place, namely the views on communism and the state between Sukarno and Isa Anshari.
This research is a study of the history of political thought using historical methods. In the historical method, there are several stages, namely heuristics or collecting sources, at this stage collecting sources in the form of primary and secondary sources related to research; the next stage is source criticism, namely testing the validity of the sources that have been collected; the next stage is interpretation or interpretation, namely interpreting historical events based on related reading sources; The final stage is historiography, namely writing history. This study uses intellectual history as the main approach which is analyzed by the theory of intellectual transmutation, while the hermeneutics and politics approach as a science of analytical aids and supported by the theory of reconstruction and behavioral politics.
The findings in this study are, first, Sukarno's and Isa Anshary's views on communism were the result of the continuity of ideological debates that occurred in the 1930s until the beginning of independence in Indonesia, so that the thoughts of the two figures about communism had an impact on their views on the country and their political attitudes. Second, there is an intellectual background that supports the divergence of Sukarno's and Isa Anshary's views towards communism. Ali Abd al-Raziq, Karl Marx, At-Taturk, were figures who influenced Sukarno's thinking, while Al-Afghani, Abduh, and Rasyid Ridha were intellectual influences for Isa Anshary. Third, Isa Anshary's views on the state and his struggle for Islamic ideology were actually a response to rejection or resistance to Sukarno who accommodated the ideology of communism and the power of the PKI in the 1955 elections, the 1956-1959 constituent assembly, and the Nasakomization initiated by Sukarno during the Guided Democracy period. Fourth, Sukarno and Isa Anshary's thoughts on communism and the state had a major impact on the emergence of political polarization ahead of 1955, conflicts among the elite to the grassroots of Indonesian society, and the traumatic emergence of the rise of communism and Islamic politics in contemporary political narratives in Indonesia
Fundamentalism in Indonesian Political History: A Biography of Isa Anshary
No full textPurposeThis study aimed to uncover Muslem scholar and politician, Isa Anshary’s thought and practices of the fundamentalism in political actitivies that were not in Indonesian Islamic historiography. MethodThis qualitative study used a library research design which depended on the primary data of written literature or archives related to the research problem. The researchers read the data sources carefully to identify Isa Anshory’s thougth and practices of fundamentalism. The collected information were verified to unveal his thougth, ideas or pracices of fundamentalism in political activities. Results/FindingsThe study identified that Isa Anshary was a figure belonging to the fundamentalism group. His fundamentalism was a result of the strong influence of Al-Afghani, Abduh, Ridla and A Hassan. These various influences had become a stimulus for Isa Anshary to voice Islamic ideology and show a tough attitude in politics. ConclusionThis study concluded that Isa Anshary\u27s fundamentalism in politics was a response to the post-independence political situation which was considered unsettled and aimed to protect the Islamic faith from the threat of secularism and communis
Front Anti Komunis dan Front Pembela Islam: Studi Komparatif dalam Perspektif Sejarah
No full textThis article aims to compare the Anti-Communist Front (FAK) and the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI) in a historical perspective. This research uses a historical method through four stages, namely collecting data or sources (heuristics), source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. In its analysis, this research uses a socio-political approach, so that this research is not only narrative-descriptive, but more analytical-descriptive. The results of this research show that FAK and FPI are two movements that use Islamic ideology as the basic guideline for their movement. FAK and FPI used Islamic ideology as the basis for their struggle due to the influence of Isa Anshary and Rizieq Shihab who belonged to Islamic fundamentalism and made da\u27wah the key to the start of their movement. Furthermore, FAK and FPI also aim to provide resistance to the PKI and the ideology of communism, and thoughts of liberalism, secularism, and actions that are far from Islamic religious judgments. The conclusion in the article is that the implementation of the FAK and FPI movements can influence socio-political aspects in Indonesia due to the stimulus of Islamic preaching that has been instilled in all FAK and FPI cadres.Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan Front Anti Komunis (FAK) dan Front Pembela Islam (FPI) dalam perspektif sejarah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode historis dengan melalui empat tahap, yakni pengumpulan data atau sumber-sumber (heuristik), kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Dalam analisisnya, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi-politik, sehingga penelitian ini tidak hanya bersifat naratif-deskriptif, melainkan lebih kepada analitis-deskriptif. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa FAK dan FPI merupakan dua gerakan yang menggunakan ideologi Islam sebagai sebagai pedoman dasar pergerakannya. FAK dan FPI menggunakan ideologi Islam sebagai dasar perjuangan disebabkan oleh pengaruh Isa Anshary dan Rizieq Shihab yang merupakan termasuk dalam fundamentalisme Islam dan menjadikan dakwah sebagai kunci awal pergerakannya. Lebih jauh, FAK dan FPI juga bertujuan untuk memberikan perlawanan terhadap PKI dan ideologi komunisme, dan pemikiran liberalisme, sekulerisme, serta perbuatan yang jauh dari penilaian agama Islam. Kesimpulan dalam artikel yaitu implementasi gerakan FAK dan FPI dapat mempengaruhi aspek sosial-politik di Indonesia akibat stimulus dakwah Islam yang telah ditanamkan kepada seluruh kader FAK dan FPI
Fundamentalisme Dalam Sejarah Politik Indonesia : Biografi Politik Isa Anshar
No full textIsa Anshary merupakan salah seorang ulama sekaligus politikusyang berasal dari partai Masyumi. Isa Anshary dikenal sebagaipribadi yang konsisten mengabdi di dalam dakwah Islam. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagai buah perjuangan IsaAnshary di medan dakwah adalah ketika dirinya mulaibergabung dengan Muballigh Muhammadiyah di SumateraBarat. Perjuangan dakwah Isa Anshary semakin memuncak ketika ia berhasil menjadi ketua umum organisasi Islam terbesardi Bandung, yakni Persatuan Islam. Selain berjuang di dalam medan dakwah, Isa Anshary juga berjuang di dalam politik. IsaAnshary menjadikan aspek politik sebagai medan dakwah yang sangat penting untuk diperjuangkan. Motivasi terbesar IsaAnshary di dalam berpolitik adalah ingin menjadikan Indonesia menggunakan Islam sebagai dasar negara. Selain itu, aspekpolitik juga Isa Anshary jadikan sebagai media dalam menentang PKI. Upaya penentangan Isa Anshary tersebutadalah untuk menghindarkan negara Indonesia dari ideologi komunis yang dibawa oleh PKI. Sikap Isa Anshary yang kerastersebut menjadikan dirinya tergolong dalam orang-orang fundamentalisme. Perjuangan Isa Anshary di dalam politikkemudian berakhir ketika partai Masyumi dibubarkan oleh Sukarno pada tahun 1960. Langkah dakwah Isa Ansharykemudian berlanjut dengan fokus di dalam Dewan Dakwah Islamiyyah Indonesia (DDII). Melalui DDII, Isa Ansharybersama dengan para pejuang ex-Masyumi melakukan pengkaderan kepada anak-anak muda generasi masa depan agarmemiliki semangat dakwah yang tinggi dan jauh dari pendangkalan aqidah serta paham yang berasal dari barat seperti liberalisme, sekularisme, dan komunisme137 hlm
ANALISIS PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PEMERINTAH KOTA BANDA ACEH RNDENGAN RANCANGAN PEKERJAAN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI
No full textANALISIS PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PEMERINTAH KOTA BANDA ACEH DENGAN JOB DESAIN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI* Feriza Fahmi, Muhammad Adam, MukhlisMagister Manajemen, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia*Corresponding Author : [email protected] ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dan menguji pengaruh budaya organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan, dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai dengan desain pekerjaan sebagai variabel mediasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pegawai pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh. Penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan rumus 5 kali jumlah indikator variabel yang berjumlah 165 responden. Model penelitian dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) AMOS. Hasil Pengujian Hipotesis membuktikan bahwa budaya organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan, dan motivasi berpengaruh terhadap desain pekerjaan; Budaya organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan, motivasi, dan desain pekerjaan mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan; desain pekerjaan memediasi pengaruh budaya organisasi, gaya kepemimpinan dan motivasi terhadap kinerja pegawai Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh. Temuan ini membuktikan bahwa model peningkatan kinerja pegawai pemerintah kota Banda Aceh merupakan fungsi penguatan budaya organisasi dan gaya kepemimpinan, serta peningkatan motivasi dan kesesuaian desain pekerjaan, dimana desain pekerjaan berfungsi sebagai mediator parsial.Keyword : Budaya Organisasi, Gaya Kepemimpinan, Motivasi, Job Desain, Kinerja Pegawa
Two Imaginations of Indonesia: A Study on the Islamic and Nationalism Ideologies in Pandji Islam Magazine, 1940
No full textThis research delves into the ideologies of Islam and nationalism as envisioned by
the founding fathers through Pandji Islam magazine published in 1940. A historical
methodology consisting of four stages, heuristic, source criticism, interpretation, and
historiography, was applied. It also utilized hermeneutics and political approaches.
Through these two approaches, this study was not merely narrative but rather
descriptive-analytical in nature. The findings in this article reveal that Pandji Islam
played a significant role as a representation of the Islamic press. Through Pandji
Islam, Islamic and nationalist figures were able to express their ideas on Islamic
modernism, ideologies, and the concept of an ideal state. Furthermore, the study
results demonstrate that Pandji Islam magazine also served to raise political
awareness among the Muslim community and the Indonesian people in general. It
aimed to build collective strength to break free from prolonged colonialism and seek
appropriate political formulations for the future of the Indonesian nation
