3,559 research outputs found
Steady-state power distribution in VSC-based MTDC systems and dc grids under mixed P/V and I/V droop control
No full text[EN] This paper proposes a steady-state power distribution derivation method for voltage source converter (VSC)based multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) systems and dc grids under mixed power/voltage (P/V) and current/voltage (I/V) droop control. P/V and I/V droop control are two commonly used control schemes, which can be combined to achieve co-regulation of powers & currents in MTDC systems and dc grids. The proposed method can be used to estimate the power distributions under different scenarios for MTDC systems and dc grids based on VSCs with mixed P/V and I/V droop control. After determining the initial operating point based on an estimation-correction algorithm, redistributed power due to power disturbances, current changes or converter outages is analyzed in detail considering converter overload. An excess power reduction strategy is further proposed to avoid violation of power limits after converter outage. The accuracy of the proposed method is validated through multiple scenarios in a modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based four-terminal dc grid. The comparison between the proposed method and other approaches in the current literature further demonstrates the advantages of proposed power distribution derivation method.The third author (Muhammad Khalid) would like to acknowledge the support from Deanship of Research Oversight and Coordination (DROC) at King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM) through project No. DF201011.Sun, P.; Wang, Y.; Khalid, M.; Blasco-Gimenez, R.; Konstantinou, G. (2023). Steady-state power distribution in VSC-based MTDC systems and dc grids under mixed P/V and I/V droop control. Electric Power Systems Research. 214:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2022.108798S11021
Geopolymer Designed with Pumice Stone from Ecuador
No full text[EN] The present investigation focuses on the
creation of a geopolymer, using pumice stone from Ecuador
as a precursor material. The chemical composition of the
pumice and the alkaline activation of the geopolymer with
NaOH and Na2SiO3 were validated through a multi-criteria
analysis that was used to identify the best mine among the
ones located in Cotopaxi, Chimborazo, and Tungurahua
states. Through laboratory tests, it was obtained that the
best pumice stone had the presence of aluminum oxide and
silicon in its composition, as well as amorphous particles,
with a size of 40 to 50µm. The percentage of aluminum that
was found in the mines of Cotopaxi, Imbabura, and
Tungurahua states was 0.60%, 0.68%, and 1.50%
respectively. In the fineness modulus tests, it stands out that
more than 80% passes the 75µm sieve. In regards to the
activation of the geopolymer, the average resistance of the
deposits was Cotopaxi 22.60 MPa, Imbabura 23.03 MPa,
and Tungurahua 23.03 MPa. In the geopolymer concrete,
the average resistance values of each of the deposits were:
Cotopaxi 4.21 MPa, Imbabura 8.05 MPa, and Tungurahua
8.67 MPa. The multicriteria analysis showed that the best
option to create geopolymer concrete comes from the mine
located in Tungurahua. It should be noted that the increase
in NaOH concentration, maintaining the ratio of 2.4 in
geopolymer cubes between Na2SiO3/NaOH as an activating
solution, induces an increase in compressive strength. The
concrete made from the Tungurahua mine, made up of 50%
geopolymer and 50% aggregates. It is the one that showed
the best properties with a compressive strength of 16.16
MPa, cured in an oven for 24 hours and at a temperature of
80°C. The design of geopolymer concrete that replaces the
use of portland cement is the first step to reduce the
pollution produced by hydraulic cement.Andrade, A.; Castillo, T.; Paredes, M.; Gimenez-Carbo, E.; García, V. (2022). Geopolymer Designed with Pumice Stone from Ecuador. Civil Engineering and Architecture. 10(5):1864-1880. https://doi.org/10.13189/cea.2022.100513S1864188010
Determination of |V(ub)| / |V(cb)| with DELPHI at LEP
No full textThe ratio of the CKM quark-mixing matrix elements \V-ub\/\V-cb\ has been measured using B hadron semileptonic decays. The analysis uses the reconstructed mass M-X of the secondary hadronic system produced in association with an identified lepton. Since B → X(u)l (v) over bar transitions are characterised by hadronic masses below those of the D mesons produced in B → X(c)l (v) over bar transitions, events with a reconstructed value of M-X significantly below the D mass are selected. Further signal enrichments are obtained using the topology of reconstructed decays and hadron identification. A fit to the numbers of decays in the b → u enriched and depleted samples with M-X above and below 1.6 GeV/c(2) and to the shapes of the lepton energy distribution in the B rest frame gives \V-ub\/\V-cb\ = 0.103 (+0.011)(-0.012) (stat.) +/- 0.016(syst.) +/- 0.010(model) and, correspondingly, a charmless semileptonic B decay branching fraction of BR(B → X(u)l (v) over bar)= (1.57 +/- 0.35 (stat.) +/- 0.48(syst.) +/- 0.27(model)) x 10(-3)
Teaching Nanoscience and Thinking Nano at the Macroscale: Nanocapsules of Wisdom
No full textAbstractOne of the challenges for Nanotechnology is education, which is considered as a bottleneck for Nanotechnology development and implementation. This work contributes to nanoscale education by designing a wide variety of cutting-edge documentaries which assist high-educational level students in learning the underlying concepts of Nanoscience, the last advances and furure prospects. In addition, documentaries seek to bring and disseminate the scientific activity of Nanotechnology to society. In this sense, the secondary goals of the proposed approach nanotech activity are: 1) Transfer of knowledge generated in the nanotechnology field and 2) The promotion of scientific culture and innovation between the public objectives. Based on the results observed in students‘s assessment and You Tube metrics, it was concluded that the developed of nanoscale based documentaries enabled a fast and efficent comprehension of complex concepts related to Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. In addition, the opinion of You Tube audience is highly promising and shows that You Tube and documentaries are an excellent channel to disseminate Nanoscience to society
Experimental and computational study of conductivity of multilayer graphene in polypropylene nanocomposites
No full text[EN] We study the electric conductivity of compounds formed by multilayer graphene in polypropylene. Our study makes a comparative analysis between the experimental and computational results. To obtain an experimental measurement of the electronic properties, we deposited multilayer graphene (MLG) nanoparticles over a polypropylene matrix. The deposition was made over several stages, in which we added to the polymer matrix different percentages of MLG nanoparticles using the melt compounding technique, and we studied the conductivities of the nanocomposites by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The second part consists of computational calculations, in which we studied the electronic properties of a graphene sheet under a polypropylene molecule with different slabs in the monomer. In both analyses, there is a strong percolation phenomenon with a percolation threshold of around 18% of the MLG nanoparticles. Before the percolation threshold, the charge carriers are constrained in the polypropylene molecule, making the system an insulating material and creating p-type doping. After the percolation threshold, the charge carriers are constrained in the graphene, making the system a conductor material and creating n-type doping with conductivity values of around 20 S m(-1). This phenomenon is a consequence of a change in the mechanism of charge transfer in the interface between the polypropylene molecule and graphene sheet. To describe the charge transfer mechanism, it is necessary to consider the quantum effect. The incorporation of the quantum effects and the percolation phenomenon make it possible for the theoretical conductivity to be close to the conductivity measured experimentally.This research has been supported by the ENE/2015-69203-R project, granted by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO), Spain. Also, the authors are grateful to UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT projects IG 100618 y IG 114818, DGTIC-UNAM for access to the Miztli-UNAM supercomputer LANCAD-UNAM-DGTIC-055, and UNAM-DGAPA for the Postdoctoral grant for Roxana M. del Castillo.Del Castillo, RM.; Del Castillo, LF.; Calles, AG.; Compañ Moreno, V. (2018). Experimental and computational study of conductivity of multilayer graphene in polypropylene nanocomposites. Journal of Materials Chemistry C. 6:7232-7241. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8tc01135dS723272416H. G. Karian , Handbook of polypropylene and polypropylene composites , RheTec, Inc. , Whitmore Lake, Michigan , 2nd edn, 2003 , https://books.google.es/books?hl=es&lr=&id=C0nzeNPUpoIC&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Handbook+of+polypropylene+and+polypropylene+composites&ots=LYqYBYg45n&sig=3gtYXigr8_O8CUJeefBCtGI7QXA#v=onepage&q=Handbook%20of%20polypropylene%20and%20polypropylene%20composites&f=falseRath, T., & Li, Y. (2011). Nanocomposites based on polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene-r-butylene)-b-polystyrene and exfoliated graphite nanoplates: Effect of nanoplatelet loading on morphology and mechanical properties. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 42(12), 1995-2002. doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.09.002Kim, M.-S., Yan, J., Kang, K.-M., Joo, K.-H., Kang, Y.-J., & Ahn, S.-H. (2013). Soundproofing ability and mechanical properties of polypropylene/exfoliated graphite nanoplatelet/carbon nanotube (PP/xGnP/CNT) composite. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing, 14(6), 1087-1092. doi:10.1007/s12541-013-0146-3Zhang, K., Yu, H.-O., Shi, Y.-D., Chen, Y.-F., Zeng, J.-B., Guo, J., … Wang, M. (2017). Morphological regulation improved electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding in poly(l-lactide)/poly(ε-caprolactone)/carbon nanotube nanocomposites via constructing stereocomplex crystallites. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 5(11), 2807-2817. doi:10.1039/c7tc00389gMohd Radzuan, N. A., Yusuf Zakaria, M., Sulong, A. B., & Sahari, J. (2017). The effect of milled carbon fibre filler on electrical conductivity in highly conductive polymer composites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 110, 153-160. doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.11.021Li, Q., Yao, F.-Z., Liu, Y., Zhang, G., Wang, H., & Wang, Q. (2018). High-Temperature Dielectric Materials for Electrical Energy Storage. Annual Review of Materials Research, 48(1), 219-243. doi:10.1146/annurev-matsci-070317-124435Qiao, Y., Yin, X., Zhu, T., Li, H., & Tang, C. (2018). Dielectric polymers with novel chemistry, compositions and architectures. Progress in Polymer Science, 80, 153-162. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.01.003Rosehr, A., & Luinstra, G. A. (2017). Polypropylene composites with finely dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotubes covered with an aluminum oxide shell. 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Cellulose nanocrystal-derived carbon electrodes for sustainable potassium-ion charge storage systems
No full textWe have here produced carbon electrode materials derived from Crystalline NanoCellulose (CNC) for low-cost potassium-ion based energy storage systems through conventional annealing as well as through a fast and energy efficient microwave assisted carbonization process. A two-step 4-minute synthesis with ZnCl2 activation in a domestic microwave leads to a micro/mesoporous carbon with high surface area (SBET~1800 m2 g 1). These CNC-derived carbons, if assessed in symmetric supercapacitor C/C cells cycled with 0.5 M K2SO4 aqueous electrolyte, show reversible capacitance values up to 66 F g 1 at current densities of 5 A g 1, retaining 83% of its initial capacitance after 10.000 cycles without any conducting additive. Due to its large electrochemical window of 1.7 V, a competitive energy density for an aqueous system of 20.9 W h kg 1 is achieved. A hybrid aqueous capacitor built with this carbon as negative electrode and coupled with a Prussian White as positive results in cell capacitance values up to 135 F g 1 under a voltage operation window of 1.8 V in 0.5 M K2SO4. On the other hand, non-activated carbons produced through a 2.25 hour thermal annealing at 900 ◦C, present much lower surface area (SBET~450 m2 g 1), most of it due to its high micropore volume. This low external and mesoporous surface area carbon is a competitive anode material for potassium-ion batteries with a reversible capacity of ~200 mA h g 1 cycled at 28 mA g 1 using 3.9 M KFSI in DME electrolyte (favourably most of it below 1 V vs K+/K) in a potassium half-cell with >80% retention in 100 cycles. The present research shows that sustainable CNC derived carbons produced through energy efficient methods are competitive electrode materials in low-cost K based energy storge systems.Depto. de Química InorgánicaFac. de Ciencias QuímicasTRUEpu
Search for excited electrons and muons in √s=8 TeV proton–proton collisions with the ATLAS detector
No full textThe ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is used to search for excited electrons and excited muons in the channel pp → ℓℓ* → ℓℓγ, assuming that excited leptons are produced via contact interactions. The analysis is based on 13 fb[superscript −1] of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. No evidence for excited leptons is found, and a limit is set at the 95% credibility level on the cross section times branching ratio as a function of the excited-lepton mass m[subscript ℓ*]. For m[subscript ℓ*] ≥ 0.8 TeV, the respective upper limits on σB(ℓ* → ℓγ) are 0.75 and 0.90 fb for the e* and μ* searches. Limits on σB are converted into lower bounds on the compositeness scale Λ. In the special case where Λ = m[subscript ℓ*], excited-electron and excited-muon masses below 2.2 TeV are excluded.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Brookhaven National Laborator
New Aspects of Thromboangiitis obliterans (von Winiwarter-Buerger's Disease)
No full textThe existence of thromboangiitis obliterans as a clinical entity has been a matter of debate for many years. In contrast to other immunovasculitides there is no organ involvement while peripheral vessels are affected. Heavy smokers under 40 years of age have a high predisposition for the disease. The cerebral form shows relapsing brain infarctions which can be visualized in CCT while panarteriography remains negative. Apart from unspecific inflammatory signs in blood and CSF there are distinctive laboratory findings proving the autoimmunological character of von Winiwarter-Buerger's disease. In the serum anti-elastin antibodies, IgE and anticollagen antibody activity are detectable. In 3 patients the authors detected specific immunohistochemical findings in a biopsy specimen of the temporal artery. In addition to platelet-inhibiting substances corticoids in acute and azathioprine in chronic treatment becomes necessary
Measurement of V(cb) from the decay process anti-B0 ---> D*+ lepton- anti-neutrino
No full textA new precise measurement of \V-cb\ and of the branching ratio BR([(Bover bar](0)→ D(+*)l(-)[([nu])over bar](l)) has been performed using a sample of about 5000 semileptonic decays (B) over bar (0) → D(*+)l(-)[([nu])over bar](l), selected by the DELPHI detector at LEP 1 by tagging the soft pion from D*+ → D(0)pi (+). The results are: V-cb = (39.0 +/- 1.5 (stat.)(- 2.6)(+2.5) (syst. exp.) +/- 1.3(ayst. th.)) x 10(-3). BR((B) over bar0 → D(*+)l(-)[([nu])over bar](l)) = (4.70 +/- 0.13(stat.)(-0.31)(+0.36) (syst. exp.))%. The analytic dependencies of the differential cross-section and of the Isgur-Wise form factor as functions of the variable w = v(B)0 . v(D)* have also been obtained by unfolding the experimental resolution
Author Correction: A detailed map of Higgs boson interactions by the ATLAS experiment ten years after the discovery
No full textIn the version of this article initially published, the ATLAS Collaboration
author names, affiliations and acknowledgements were omitted and
have now been included in the HTML and PDF versions of the article
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