10 research outputs found
La enseñanza de la religión en el contexto multirreligioso. La educación religiosa como instrumento de protección del menor: ¿qué relevancia jurídica tiene?
No full textThe context for this analysis is a study carried out in Italy which concluded that the teaching of the Catholic religion at school may be adapted to current religious pluralism only through a new methodological approach; a hermeneuticexistential renewal that, although typical of the teaching of the Catholic religion in Italy, may be seen as paradigmatic for three reasons. Firstly, because it is capable of comparing various religious confessions without erasing or reinforcing their differences. Secondly, because it respects the historical roots and social value attributed to religion in all states, bearing in mind that the challenge of religious multiculturalism cannot be reduced to which religion is to play a role in the public sphere, but consists of identifying which religion has the appropriate cultural weight to ground constructive interreligious dialogue. Thirdly, because it can also foster legal reflection on the religious identity of each citizen and on their religious duties.El estudio se mueve en el contexto de un ensayo realizado en Italia en el que se señaló que la enseñanza de la religión católica en la escuela puede adaptarse al pluralismo religioso actual solo a través de una renovación metodológica. Una renovación (hermenéutica-existencial) que, aunque típica de la enseñanza de la religión católica en Italia, se puede denominar paradigmática por tres razones. En primer lugar porque es capaz de comparar las diversas confesiones religiosas para no anular o incluso fortalecer sus diferencias. En segundo lugar, porque respeta las raíces históricas y la apreciación social de la religión en todos los estados, teniendo en cuenta que el desafío del multiculturalismo religioso no es reducible a qué religión invocar en el espacio público, sino que consiste en identificar qué religión posee el pondus cultural adecuado para llevar a cabo un diálogo constructivo interreligioso. En tercer lugar, porque también puede estimular una reflexión jurídica sobre la identidad religiosa de cada ciudadano y sobre sus deberes religiosos.
Processo al processo canonico di nullità matrimoniale
No full textThe marriage nullity process is an institute that is sometimes misunderstood. It is not only that mere contradictions underlie this lack of comprehension, but there are also pressing expectations that the process will be seen as an educational context. That is, it is seen as an opportunity for the faithful to be able to understand, from the sentences that are issued, the deeper significance of the failure of their marriage and also the (self-transcendent) meaning of their very Christian identity. These considerations can therefore become a useful impetus for thinking of the process as a place for dialogue between psychology and religion, where spirituality and affectivity on the one hand and the bona matrimonialia and the structure of relationships on the other hand are not considered mutually opposed but integrated with one another and mutually enriching. The very deontology of ministers of justice could be improved in a highly functional manner by the intrinsic educational demands of matrimonial trials.Il processo di nullità matrimoniale è un’istituzione a volte fraintesa. Dietro questa incomprensione non si nascondono soltanto mere contrapposizioni, ma anche aspettative esigenti, secondo le quali il processo potrebbe essere vissuto come un luogo educativo, ossia come un’opportunità perché i fedeli possano comprendere, attraverso le sentenze emesse, il significato profondo del loro fallimento matrimoniale ed anche il senso (autotrascendente) della loro stessa identità cristiana. Queste critiche potrebbero risultare uno stimolo utile per pensare al processo come un luogo del dialogo tra psicologia e religione, ove spiritualità ed affettività, da un lato, e bona matrimonialia e relazionalità, dall’altro, non risultino categorie tra loro contrapposte, ma integrate e reciprocamente arricchentesi. La stessa deontologia degli operatori giudiziari potrebbe essere perfezionata in modo maggiormente funzionale alle esigenze educative intrinseche ai giudizi matrimoniali
L'assenza della forma canonica preclude l'operatività del processo di nullità matrimoniale? Un'ipotesi
No full textEl sistema canónico actual parece no excluir la praxis de hacer operativo el proceso de nulidad matrimonial también en relación con matrimonios que los católicos hayan celebrado entre ellos sin observar la forma canónica. En particular, la 'justa causa' del proceso, en el caso, vendrá identificada por el hecho de que dos católicos están 'unidos en matrimonio' entre ellos, y en tal sentido opera el actual aprecio jurídico de tres figuras, cuya dimensión unitiva parece justificar precisamente el ejercicio de la potestad jurisdiccional sobre matrimonios que los católicos han celebrado sin observar la forma canónica. La primera es la función renovada que ha de reconocerse a la forma canónica en la nueva legislación ('conditio iuris' de validez pero no de existencia del matrimonio). Los otros dos elementos considerados para justificar el ejercicio de la potestad jurisdiccional en el caso son: la dimensión renovada, dinámica y participada, de la pertenencia eclesial y la renovada dimensión pastoral del proceso canónico. Por su parte, el 'fumus boni iuris' de la demanda judicial vendrá identificado por el hecho de que dos católicos han elegido precisamente 'celebrar su matrimonio', de modo conforme a un rito matrimonial institucionalizado. ------ The actual canonical system does not seem to exclude the praxis of making operative the process of matrimonial nullity in relation with the marriages that Catholics may have celebrated without observing the canonical form. In particular, the 'just cause' of the process, in the case, will be identified by the fact that two Catholics are 'united in marriage', and in that sense, the actual juridical appraisal of the three figures operates, the unitive dimension of which seems to justify precisely the exercise of the jurisdictional power about marriages that Catholics have celebrated without observing the canonical form. The first one is the renewed function that has to be recognized to the canonical form in the new legislation ('conditio iuris' of the validity but not of the existence of marriage). The other two elements considered to justify the exercise of the jurisdictional power in the case are: the renewed, dynamic and participated dimension of the ecclesial affiliation and the renewed pastoral dimension of the canonical procedure. For its part, the 'fumus boni iuris' of the petition will be identified by the fact that two Catholics have opted precisely to celebrate their marriage, in a manner which conforms to the institutionalised marriage rite
Scuola e famiglia. Quale alleanza educativa è possibile in un contesto multietnico e multireligioso?
No full textThe religious and cultural pluralism now offers new operational parameters for the teaching of religion in public schools. The debate is on and sees opposing positions, both in terms of doctrine both in terms of case law. In this contribution we will enter the heart of this debate with a key that does not want to find a definitive solution, but rather look for a method (a model) that can deal with the conflict that is the background to this debate. For this purpose it will use a rule of interpretation derived from the canon 796, which is the school-family relationship as a necessary instrument ‘to excolendam educationem’, to investigate in what way and how the relationship parent-teacher- child could be an exemplary resource for the current reflection on the teaching of religion in public schools. It will consist of the school-family relationship on the basis of three parameters (to know, to will and love) which will be associated with a biblical face. They will deepen, on the one hand, the conflict that these three parameters generate in their mutual interaction, and on the other their possible three model solutions. Il pluralismo religioso e culturale offre oggi dei parametri operativi nuovi per l’insegnamento della religione nella scuola pubblica. Il dibattito è acceso e vede contrapposte diverse posizioni, sul fronte sia dottrinale sia giurisprudenziale. In questo contributo si entrerà nel vivo di questo dibattito con una chiave di lettura che non vuole trovare una soluzione definitiva, bensì cercare un metodo (un modello) che possa affrontare la conflittualità che fa da sfondo a tale dibattito. A tal fine si utilizzerà un criterio interpretativo desunto dal canone 796, ossia la relazione scuola- famiglia quale necessario strumento «ad excolendam educationem», per approfondire in che senso ed in che modo il rapporto insegnanti-genitori-figli potrebbe risultare una risorsa esemplare per la riflessione attuale sull’insegnamento della religione nella scuola pubblica. Si articolerà il rapporto scuola-famiglia sulla scorta di tre parametri (conoscere, volere ed amare) cui verrà associato un volto biblico. Si approfondiranno, da un lato, le conflittualità che questi tre parametri generano nella loro interazione reciproca, e dall’altro i tre loro possibili modelli risolutivi. Soltanto uno tra questi modelli sembra richiamare una relazionalità atta a generare un educazione religiosa autenticamente interculturale, capace di scongiurare ogni approccio relativista, riduzionista o negazionista
Osservazioni sull'esistenza giuridica della sentenza canonica
No full textBeginning with a comparison between the canon and secular legal systems, we have an in-depth investigation of the idea of legal existence, both in its possible autonomous configuration within the general context of the invalidity of the Canon Law act, and also in its specific application to Canon Sentence. After a synthesis of the positions which doctrine and jurisprudence have taken on the matter, the legal existence in the convergence of the judicial approach of Olis Robleda with the personalist phenomenology of Karol Wojtyla is identified. Within this convergence, the identification of a personalist subjectivity which implies the general breadth of the responsibilities of the faithful in ordering the..
Il diritto di difesa in ambito disciplinare
No full textSUPREMO TRIBUNALE DELLA SEGNATURA APOSTOLICA, Prot. N. 32108/01 CA, Esercizio del ministero sacerdotale (Ecc.mo Vescovo diocesano – Congregazione per il Clero), Sentenza definitiva, coram Cacciavillan, 18 marzo 2006; SUPREMO TRIBUNALE DELLA SEGNATURA APOSTOLICA, Prot. N. 38962/06 CA, Revoca del provvedimento dell’Ecc.mo Vescovo nei confronti del Rev. N. (Ecc.mo Vescovo – Congregazione per il Clero), Decreto del Prefetto in Congresso, 13 giugno 2008; SUPREMO TRIBUNALE DELLA SEGNATURA APOSTOLICA, Prot. N. 41760/08 CA, Divieto di esercitare il ministero presbiteriale “coram populo” (Ecc.mo Vescovo – Congregazione per il Clero), Decreto del Prefetto in Congresso, 30 maggio 200
Ontologia e revelação: a filosofia no sistema teológico de Paul Tillich
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-graduação em FilosofiaEsta dissertação aborda a ontologia e a concepção de revelação do pensamento de Paul Johannes Oskar Tillich. O ponto de partida é o seu trabalho sistemático onde são focais as questões, Razão, Revelação, Ser e Deus. Segundo o autor, há duas questões fundamentais que envolvem o ser humano e a fé: o estado de existência e a revelação incondicional de Deus. Trata-se de articular as perguntas que surgem da situação de existência e da reposta divina que está dada de modo incondicional na revelação. O autor, para articular existência e revelação, estabelece o que ele denomina método de correlação, com o qual pretende tratar o problema existência e essência de um modo diferente das concepções filosóficas naturalistas e sobrenaturalistas de nossa tradição teísta. A ontologia ocupa um papel preponderante em seu sistema teológico ao atribuir a Deus a noção Ser-em-Si como questão implícita do Ser, e a noção Novo Ser ou Logos Encarnado, ao Cristo. Ser existente é estar limitado pelo Não-Ser, embora sabendo-se partícipe do Ser. Participar do Ser de forma essencial, segundo o autor investigado, importa perceber que santidade, fé, divino, demoníaco, queda, salvação são expressões que demandam uma ontologia e não somente questões morais como elas foram interpretadas pela perspectiva secular. A ontologia de seu sistema pretende traduzir a profundidade e o sentido da revelação ao crente moderno em uma época em que a fé foi "domesticada" e já não representa existencialmente uma questão última e incondicional para o ser humano. This dissertation approaches the ontology and the conception of the disclosure concept of the thought of Paul Johannes Oskar Tillich. The start point is his systematic work where are focused the Questions, Reason, Revelation, Being, and God. According to the author, there are two fundamental questions that compreehend the human being and the faith: the state of existence and the unconditional disclosure of God. It is dealt of articulating the questions that appear of the existence situation and the divine response that is given in an unconditional way in the disclosure. The author, to articulate existence and disclosure, establishes what he denominates method of correlation, with what he intends to treat the problem of existence and essence in a different way of the naturalists and sobrenaturalists phylosophic conceptions of our theist tradition. The ontology ocupies a preponderant role in its teological system in assigning to God the notion Be in Itself like an implicit question of being, and the notion New Be or Incarnate Logus, to the Christ. Being existent is to be limited by the not-being, although knowing itself participant of Being. Participate of the being in an essential way, according to the investigated author it is important to perceive that holiness, faith, divine, demoniac, fall, salvation are expressions that demand an ontology and not only moral questions like the ones compreehended by the secular perspective. The ontology of its system intend to translate the depth and the sense of disclosure of the modern believer in an epoch in what the faith was "domesticated" and yet does not represents existencially a last matter and unconditional to the human being
GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the Second Part of the Third Observing Run
No full textThe third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) describes signals
detected with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo up to the end of their third
observing run. Updating the previous GWTC-2.1, we present candidate
gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences during the second half of
the third observing run (O3b) between 1 November 2019, 15:00 UTC and 27 March
2020, 17:00 UTC. There are 35 compact binary coalescence candidates identified
by at least one of our search algorithms with a probability of astrophysical
origin . Of these, 18 were previously reported as
low-latency public alerts, and 17 are reported here for the first time. Based
upon estimates for the component masses, our O3b candidates with
are consistent with gravitational-wave signals from
binary black holes or neutron star-black hole binaries, and we identify none
from binary neutron stars. However, from the gravitational-wave data alone, we
are not able to measure matter effects that distinguish whether the binary
components are neutron stars or black holes. The range of inferred component
masses is similar to that found with previous catalogs, but the O3b candidates
include the first confident observations of neutron star-black hole binaries.
Including the 35 candidates from O3b in addition to those from GWTC-2.1, GWTC-3
contains 90 candidates found by our analysis with
across the first three observing runs. These observations of compact binary
coalescences present an unprecedented view of the properties of black holes and
neutron stars.Comment: 88 pages (10 pages author list, 31 pages main text, 1 page
acknowledgements, 24 pages appendices, 22 pages bibliography), 17 figures, 16
tables. Update to match version to be published in Physical Review X. Data
products available from https://gwosc.org/GWTC-3
Cross-layer operation aided wireless networks
No full textIn this thesis, we propose several cross-layer operation aided schemes conceived for wireless networks. Cross layer design may overcome the disadvantages of the network's layered architecture, where layering is most typically represented by the Transport Control Protocol (TCP) / Internet Protocol (IP) suite.We invoke Fountain codes for protecting file transfer at the application layer, since they are suitable for erasure channels. They are also often referred to as rateless codes. When implementing Fountain code aided file transfer, the file will be firstly partitioned into a number of blocks, each of which contains K packets. Fountain codes randomly select several packets from a block and then combine them using exclusive- OR additions for generating an encoded packet. The encoding continues until all blocks are successfully received. Considering an 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) scenario, the packet size has to be appropriately chosen, since there exists a trade-off between the packet size and the transmission efficiency, which is defined as the number of primary information bits to the total number of all transmitted bits including headers, control packets and retransmitted replicas. In order to find the optimum packet size, the transmission efficiency is formulated as a function of the Packet Loss Ratio (PLR) at the application layer and of the total load imposed by a single packet. The PLR at the application layer is related both to the packet size, as well as to the 802.11 MAC retransmission mechanism and to the modulation scheme adopted by the physical layer. Apart from its source data, the total load imposed by an information packet also contains the control packets of the 802.11 Media Access Control (MAC) protocol such as the Request To Send (RTS) / Clear To Send (CTS) messages, the retransmitted replicas and the Acknowledgement (ACK) messages. According to these relations, the transmission efficiency may finally be expressed as a function of packet size. Based on the numerical analysis of this function, the optimum packet size may be determined. Our simulation results confirmed that indeed the highest transmission efficiency may be achieved, when using the optimum packet size.Since turbo codes are capable of achieving near capacity performance, they may be successfully combined with Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) schemes. In this thesis, the classic Twin Component Turbo Codes (TCTCs) are extended to Multiple Component Turbo Codes (MCTCs). In order to apply classic two-dimensional Extrinsic Information Transfer (EXIT) charts for analyzing them, we divided an N-component MCTC into two logical parts. This partitioning was necessary, because otherwise an N-component scheme would require an N-dimensional EXIT chart. One of the parts is constituted by an individual Bahl, Cocke, Jelinek and Raviv (BCJR) decoder, while the other so-called composite decoder consists of the remaining (N-1) components. The EXIT charts visualized the extrinsic information exchange between these two logical parts of MCTCs. Aided by this partitioning technique, we may find the so-called 'open tunnel SNR threshold' for MCTCs, which is defined as the minimum SNR for which the EXIT chart at the specific coding rate used has an open tunnel. It may be used as a metric to compare the achievable performance to the Discrete-input Continuous-output Memoryless Channel's (DCMC) capacity. Our simulation results showed that the achievable performance of MCTCs is closer to the DCMC capacity than that of non-systematic TCTCs, but a bit further than that of systematic TCTCs, if generator polynomials having an arbitrary memory length - and hence complexity - are considered. However, for the lowest-memory octally represented polynomial (2; 3)o, which implies having the lowest possible complexity, MCTCs outperform non-systematic and systematic TCTCs. Furthermore, MCTC aided HARQ schemes using the polynomial of (2; 3)o exhibit significantly better PLRs and throughput performances than systematic as well as non-systematic TCTC aided HARQ schemes using the same polynomial. If systematic TCTC aided HARQ schemes relying on the polynomial of (17; 15)o are used as benchmarkers, MCTC aided HARQ schemes may significantly reduce the complexity, without a substantial degradation of the PLR and throughput.When combining turbo codes with HARQ, the associated complexity becomes a critical issue, since iterative decoding is immediately activated after each transmission. In order to reduce the associated complexity, an Early Stopping (ES) strategy was proposed in this thesis to substitute the fixed number of BCJR operations invoked for each iterative decoding. By observing the EXIT charts of turbo codes, we note that the extrinsic information increases along the decoding trajectory of an open or closed tunnel. The ES aided MCTC HARQ scheme curtails iterative decoding, when the Mutual Information (MI) increase becomes less than a given threshold. This threshold was determined by an off-line training in order to achieve a trade-off between the throughput and complexity. Our simulation results verified that the complexity of MCTC aided HARQ schemes may be reduced by as much as 80%, compared to that of systematic TCTC aided HARQ schemes using a fixed number of 10 BCJR operations.Moreover, the complexity of turbo coded HARQ schemes may be further reduced by our Look-Up Table (LUT) based Deferred Iteration (DI) method. The DI method delays the iterative decoding until the receiver estimates that it has received sufficient information for successful decoding, which may be represented by the emergence of an open tunnel in the EXIT chart corresponding to all received replicas. Therefore, the specific MI that a 'just' open tunnel appears when combining all previous (i-1) MIs will be the threshold that has to be satisfied by the ith reception. More specifically, if the MI received during the ith reception is higher than this threshold, the EXIT tunnel is deemed to be open and hence the iterative decoding is triggered. Otherwise, iterative decoding will be disabled when the tunnel is deemed to be closed. This reduces the complexity. The LUT stores all possible MI thresholds for N-component MCTCs, which results in a large storage requirement, if N becomes high. Hence, an efficient LUT design was also proposed in this thesis. Our simulation results demonstrated the achievable complexity reduction may be as high as 50%, compared to the schemes operating without the DI method
Assessment of the principle of human dignity from personalism and the guarantee in homeless person
No full textLa problemática presente en la realidad con las personas habitantes de calle y el principio, derecho
de la dignidad humana, presenta un contraste muy brusco entre la realidad y el derecho, y no está
para menos una reflexión filosófica sobre este tema. La reflexión que el lector encontrará se
propone detallar en primer lugar lo que es filosofía personalista, una reflexión nacida hacia el siglo
XX que ofrece una reflexión en torno a la persona, ofreciendo una visión antropológica que en sí
misma ofrece un llamado a salvaguardar la dignidad de la persona. Acto seguido se identificarán
las disposiciones en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano que buscan proteger la dignidad humana
de las personas habitantes de calle, desde la constitución y las leyes. Con estos dos factores, por el
contraste ya mencionado, es que se reflexionará sobre la eficacia de las normas a partir de la visión
personalista. No está de más ofrecer una visión distinta a la que se ha tomado en la jurisprudencia
y la ley, con el fin de ir más allá y proponer soluciones sobre esta problemática, no sin que tenga
un sustrato antropológico. Puesto que la base para orientar políticas públicas en sí mismas deben
tener una visión de orden antropológico como la que ofrece el personalismo, filosofía que ha dado
un respiro en el ordenamiento jurídico desde 1991, que implícitamente se ha dado, pero dada la
inmadurez de la filosofía personalista es que se hace necesario seguir reflexionando en torno a esto
para ofrecer la eficacia que se espera en torno a la persona.Universidad Libre -- Facultad de Derecho, Ciencias Políticas y Sociales -- DerechoThe problems present with the people living on the street and the principle, the right of human
dignity, presents a very sharp contrast between reality and law, and a philosophical reflection on
this subject is not for less. The reflection that the reader will find intends to detail in the first place what personalist philosophy is, a reflection born around the 20th century that offers a reflection on
the person, offering an anthropological vision that offers a call to save dignity. of the person. Then,
the provisions in the Colombian legal system that seek to protect the human dignity of homeless
people will be identified, from the constitution and the laws. With two factors, due to the contrast
already mentioned, it is that the effectiveness of the norms will be reflected from the personalist
vision. It is worth offering a different vision than the one that has been taken in the jurisprudence
and the law, to go further and propose solutions to this problem, not without having an
anthropological substratum. Since the basis for guiding public policies in themselves must have a
vision of anthropological order such as that offered by personalism, a philosophy that has given a
break in the legal system since 1991, which has implicitly occurred, but given the immaturity of
the personalist is that it is necessary to continue reflecting on this to offer the effectiveness that is
expected around the person
