13 research outputs found
Importancia de la fisioterapia respiratoria en la titulación y monitoreo de PEEP en insuficiencia respiratoria aguda
No full textLa PEEP es una maniobra que evita la caída a cero de la presión de la vía aérea al final de la fase espiratoria, que puede combinarse con cualquier modalidad ventilatoria, ya sea de sustitución total o parcial. La función principal de la PEEP es mantener el reclutamiento de las unidades alveolares colapsadas o llenas de fluido, produciendo un aumento de la capacidad residual funcional. La presión del sistema respiratorio al final de la espiración con la vía aérea ocluida se cuantifica ocluyendo en forma manual la válvula espiratoria o programando una pausa espiratoria inmediatamente antes de que ocurra la inspiración. En los pacientes con Síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo, el monitoreo ventilatorio se orienta a comprobar el carácter protector o lesivo de la ventilación mecánica. Se describirán las herramientas de monitoreo que permitan cuantificar de forma independiente la correcta selección del volumen corriente, PEEP y también el error en la interpretación al que podría llevar la influencia de la caja torácica. El manejo fisioterapéutico de la PEEP en pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria hipoxémica aguda, tienen como objetivo principal reducir el volumen pulmonar no ventilado, su utilización ocasiona un aumento del volumen pulmonar espiratorio final lo que implica la apertura de las unidades pulmonares colapsadas y la estabilización de las inestables, así también como el incremento de la inflación de las unidades que ya están abiertas, dando lugar a elevación de la PO2 arterial, disminución de la derivación y del riesgo de lesión pulmonar inducida por la ventilación
Revealing Failures in the History of School Finance
No full textThis essay proposes a set of non-econometric tests using data on wage structure, school resource costs, public expenditures, taxes, and rates of return to explain anomalies in which richer political units deliver less education than poorer ones. Both the anomalies of education history, and its less surprising contrasts, fit broad patterns that can be revealed and partially explained using low-tech methods. Over most of human history, contrasts in the output of education were driven mainly by contrasts in the supply of tax support for mass education. Exogenous influences on the demand for, and the private supply of, education played only lesser roles. Pro-growth public education could have emerged a century or two earlier than it did, had the leading countries of Western Europe mustered the political will to fund it. Government underinvestment in mass education is demonstrated for England and Wales between 1717 and 1891. Differences in political support still account for most of today’s education anomalies where the contrasts involve less developed regions. In today’s highest-income settings, however, differences in tax funding lose their previous explanatory power. The postwar shift away from strong effects of school resources calls for a renewed introduction of historical context into the “does money matter” debate.
Erratum: The Cancer Genome Atlas Comprehensive Molecular Characterization of Renal Cell Carcinoma (Cell Reports (2018) 23(1) (313–326.e5) (S2211124718304364) (10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.075))
No full text(Cell Reports 23, 313–326; April 3, 2018) In the originally published version of this article, the author list contained two errors. Specifically, David J. Kwiatkowski was misspelled as David J. Kwaitkowski, and William Y. Kim was inadvertently written as William T. Kim. Both names have been corrected online. The authors regret this error
African dance in England: spirituality and continuity
No full textBetween the 17th and 20th centuries, the British misunderstood African cultural practices and reported on those in derogatory terms. With other European nations they projected Africans as ‘savages’ without any cultural traditions and consistently devalued traditional African religions and dances. Those views have seeped into the psychology of the British mentality and specifically, may have negatively influenced African dance development in the UK.
This thesis seeks to address those issues through a re-examination of the literature and a re-appraisal of Africa’s religions and dance forms. It will illustrate that in spite of he continuous attempts to decimate African cultural expression, Africa’s cultural practices survived and re-emerged in the Caribbean through slavery and through vibrate practice. The adaptation of the forms in their new environment, especially through adopting some aspects of Christian worship, nurtured alternative ways that later enabled the forms to find expression, as theatrical dance, in the UK.
The thesis is informed by international field trips, through the use of video and Internet sources, from attendances at African and Caribbean cultural events, through a wide range of secondary sources and from interviews spanning over twelve years. It is presented in two main sections. section one includes the Introduction and chapters One and Two. The Introduction provides a backdrop of current issues in African dance development and chapters One and Two provide a framework of African cultural practice on the continent and in the Caribbean, indicating how European perceptions of the people and their practices skewed the truth. Chapters Three and Four provide a detailed account of African dance development over the past fifth years through the activities of performance companies and support agencies. Chapter Five investigates dance development in the UK, specifically focusing on the works of two London-based choreographers and exploring how their spiritually determines their practice
Author Correction:A consensus protocol for functional connectivity analysis in the rat brain
No full textInternational audienceNo abstract availabl
Education Research Gender, Education and Development - A Partially Annotated and Selective Bibliography
No full textCommunity/Rural/Urban Development,
Performance of the CMS missing transverse momentum reconstruction in pp data at √s = 8 TeV
No full textPublished under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License by IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab srl. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation and DOI.The performance of missing transverse energy reconstruction algorithms is presented using √s=8 TeV proton-proton (pp) data collected with the CMS detector. Events with anomalous missing transverse energy are studied, and the performance of algorithms used to identify and remove these events is presented. The scale and resolution for missing transverse energy, including the effects of multiple pp interactions (pileup), are measured using events with an identified Z boson or isolated photon, and are found to be well described by the simulation. Novel missing transverse energy reconstruction algorithms developed specifically to mitigate the effects of large numbers of pileup interactions on the missing transverse energy resolution are presented. These algorithms significantly reduce the dependence of the missing transverse energy resolution on pileup interactions. Finally, an algorithm that provides an estimate of the significance of the missing transverse energy is presented, which is used to estimate the compatibility of the reconstructed missing transverse energy with a zero nominal value
Open Access Bibliography: Liberating Scholarly Literature with E-Prints and Open Access Journals
No full textThe Open Access Bibliography: Liberating Scholarly Literature with E-Prints and Open Access Journals provides an overview of open access concepts, and it presents over 1,300 selected English-language books, conference papers (including some digital video presentations), debates, editorials, e-prints, journal and magazine articles, news articles, technical reports, and other printed and electronic sources that are useful in understanding the open access movement's efforts to provide free access to and unfettered use of scholarly literature. Most sources have been published between 1999 and August 31, 2004; however, a limited number of key sources published prior to 1999 are also included. Where possible, links are provided to sources that are freely available on the Internet (approximately 78 percent of the bibliography's references have such links). The 129-page bibliography has been published in print and PDF formats by the Association of Research Libraries (ARL). The print version is available from ARL. The book is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License
Search for anomalous production of events with three or more leptons in pp collisions at √s = 8TeV
No full textPublished by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published articles title, journal citation, and DOI.A search for physics beyond the standard model in events with at least three leptons is presented. The data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.5fb-1 of proton-proton collisions with center-of-mass energy s=8TeV, was collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC during 2012. The data are divided into exclusive categories based on the number of leptons and their flavor, the presence or absence of an opposite-sign, same-flavor lepton pair (OSSF), the invariant mass of the OSSF pair, the presence or absence of a tagged bottom-quark jet, the number of identified hadronically decaying τ leptons, and the magnitude of the missing transverse energy and of the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta. The numbers of observed events are found to be consistent with the expected numbers from standard model processes, and limits are placed on new-physics scenarios that yield multilepton final states. In particular, scenarios that predict Higgs boson production in the context of supersymmetric decay chains are examined. We also place a 95% confidence level upper limit of 1.3% on the branching fraction for the decay of a top quark to a charm quark and a Higgs boson (t→cH), which translates to a bound on the left- and right-handed top-charm flavor-violating Higgs Yukawa couplings, λtcH and λctH, respectively, of |λtcH|2+|λctH|2<0.21
Welcome home! Introducing SocSES: a society for inclusive and impactful social-ecological research
No full textUnderpinned by systemic thinking, social-ecological systems (SES) research has emerged as a critical field for addressing the challenges of the Anthropocene, marked by a cross-scale focus, inter- and transdisciplinary approaches, and a strong emphasis on place-based work. Thanks to the efforts of many networks and institutes, the field has advanced new theoretical and methodological approaches, fostered dedicated journals, and spurred educational programs. It has also significantly influenced sustainability initiatives and policy from local to global scales, and has richly informed place-based efforts. Despite this progress, SES research faces persistent challenges, including conceptual and methodological fragmentation, difficulty in scaling localized insights to global frameworks (and vice versa), and capturing cross-scale connections and processes while retaining contextual relevance. Inclusivity also remains a critical issue, with regional, Indigenous, and local contributions often underrepresented, as there is still a reliance on short-term, inequitably distributed grant funding for much of the research in the field. This paper introduces the Society for Social-Ecological Systems (SocSES), a global platform designed to build on and connect to the rich legacy of SES networks. SocSES aims to advance and support SES–based research, practice, and action toward a just and sustainable future. We outline how SocSES will provide a home for SES institutes, networks, researchers, and practitioners working at the science-practice-policy interface to connect and amplify existing efforts through thematic streams, regional hubs, an institutional hub, an early-career professionals hub, and synthesis groups. The society will provide a stable infrastructure to foster interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary collaboration, enhance the generalizability and policy relevance of SES research, bolster education, research, and knowledge co-production, and support the next generation of SES professionals. By addressing the persistent challenges facing the field and fostering transformative spaces and communities for innovation and action, SocSES aspires to support and leverage SES knowledge as a cornerstone of global sustainability science.Die Forschung zu sozial-ökologischen Systemen (SES) ist zu einem bedeutenden interdisziplinären Feld geworden, das sich mit vernetzten Herausforderungen des Anthropozäns auseinandersetzt. Geprägt von raumbezogener, inter- und transdisziplinärer Forschung hat die SES Forschung neue theoretische und methodische Ansätze vorangetrieben, einschlägige Fachzeitschriften hervorgebracht und Bildungsprogramme angeregt. Basierend auf wichtigen konzeptionellen Fortschritten und den Beiträgen von wegweisenden Forschungsnetzwerken hat das Feld globale Nachhaltigkeitsinitiativen wie das Millennium Ecosystem Assessment und die Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services maßgeblich geprägt. Trotz der erzielten Fortschritte sieht sich die SES Forschung weiterhin mit verschiedenen Herausforderungen konfrontiert. Dazu gehören die konzeptionelle und methodische Fragmentierung, die Schwierigkeiten bei der Übertragung lokaler Erkenntnisse auf globale Rahmenbedingungen (und umgekehrt), sowie die Erfassung skalenübergreifenden Telekopplungen, ohne dabei die kontextuelle Relevanz zu verlieren. Die inklusive Beteiligung bleibt ein kritisches Thema, in dem regionale, indigene und lokale Beiträge oft unterrepräsentiert sind. Dies liegt daran, dass ein Großteil der Forschung in diesem Bereich nach wie vor auf kurzfristige, ungleich verteilte Fördermittel angewiesen ist. In diesem Artikel wird die Society for Social-Ecological Systems (SocSES) vorgestellt - eine globale Plattform, die auf dem reichen Erbe der SES-Netzwerke aufbauen und daran anknüpfen soll. SocSES hat das Ziel, die Forschung, Praxis und Maßnahmen im Bereich sozial-ökologischer Systeme zu fördern und zu unterstützen, um eine gerechte und nachhaltige Zukunft zu gestalten. Wir skizzieren, wie die SocSES eine Heimat für SES-Institute, -Netzwerke, -Forscher*innen und -Praktiker*innen bieten wird, die an der Schnittstelle von Wissenschaft und Praxis arbeiten. Durch den Aufbau von “thematic streams”, “regional hubs” und “institutional hubs” ist die SocSES eine Vernetzungsplattform für wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs und “synthesis groups”. Die Gesellschaft wird eine stabile Infrastruktur bereitstellen, um die inter- und transdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit zu fördern, die Verallgemeinerbarkeit und politische Relevanz der SES Forschung zu verbessern, Bildung, Forschung und Wissens-Koproduktion zu stärken und die nächste Generation von SES Experten zu unterstützen. Indem SocSES die bestehenden Herausforderungen im Feld angeht und transformative Räume und Gemeinschaften für Innovation fördert, möchte die neu gegründete Gesellschaft das Wissen über sozial-ökologische Systeme als fundamentalen Bestandteil einer globalen Nachhaltigkeitswissenschaft stärken und zur Verfügung stellen.La investigación de sistemas socio-ecológicos (SSE) ha surgido como un campo de conocimiento interdisciplinario fundamental para abordar los múltiples desafíos interconectados del Antropoceno. Este campo de conocimiento, caracterizado por la investigación basada en el lugar (place-based), inter- y transdisciplinaria, ha aportado y avanzado nuevos enfoques teóricos y metodológicos, ha promovido la creación de revistas científicas, y estimulado programas educativos. Enraizado en los avances conceptuales y en las contribuciones de redes académicas fundacionales, este campo de conocimiento ha influido significativamente en iniciativas globales para la sostenibilidad, como son la Evaluación de los Ecosistemas de Milenio, la Plataforma Intergubernamental sobre Biodiversidad y Servicios de los Ecosistemas (IPBES). Sin embargo, y a pesar de estos avances, la investigación de SSE sigue enfrentándose a desafíos persistentes, como la fragmentación conceptual y metodológica, la dificultad de trasladar los aprendizajes localizados a marcos globales (y viceversa), y de captar los fenómenos de tele-acoplamiento reteniendo la relevancia del contexto local. Otro aspecto crítico que requiere atención es la inclusión, ya que las contribuciones de conocimientos locales, indígenas y regionales siguen estando sub-representadas, y gran parte de la investigación en este campo sigue dependiendo de financiaciones a corto plazo distribuidas de forma desigual. Este artículo presenta la Sociedad de Sistemas Socio-Ecológicos (SocSES, por sus siglas en inglés), una plataforma global concebida para construir sobre y conectar con el rico legado de las redes que han trabajado y trabajan en SSE. El objetivo de SocSES es fomentar y apoyar la investigación de los SSE, la práctica y la acción basadas en el estudio de SSE para fomentar un futuro sostenible y justo. Aquí esbozamos cómo SocSES proporcionará un ‘hogar’ para institutos, redes, investigadores y profesionales que trabajan con SSE en la interfaz ciencia-práctica-política, permitiendo conectarse y amplificar los esfuerzos existentes a través de líneas temáticas, centros de actividad (‘hubs’) regionales, institucionales y para profesionales en el inicio de su carrera, así como mediante grupos de síntesis. SocSES proveerá de una infraestructura estable para promover colaboración intery transdisciplinaria, promoverá la relevancia política de la investigación de SSE, fomentará la educación, investigación, y co-producción de conocimiento, y apoyará a las generaciones venideras de profesionales en el campo de SSE. Al abordar los retos persistentes a los que se enfrenta el campo de SSE y fomentar espacios y comunidades transformadores para la innovación y la acción, SocSES aspira a apoyar y potenciar el conocimiento sobre SSE como piedra angular de la ciencia de la sostenibilidad global
