1,720,957 research outputs found
Modern Sufism in Turkey: A Study of the Thought of Said Nursi and Fethullah Gulen
No full textThe advancement of technology and the development of time, in fact, don’t make sufism become deserted enthusiasts. Sufism is often considered an alternative way of embroidery in the modern era. This is inseparable from the fact that Islamic puritanism echoed by Salafi-Wahabi groups is considered to give birth to new humanitarian problems. Although it was also once considered a barrier in the progress of Islam by Modernists, it is undeniable that the need for sufism in society seems to never die. While in the Arab region the existence of sufism is threatened because it is considered contrary to the idea of Islamic puritanism and is considered a barrier in the progress of Islam, sufism in Turkey actually gets direct opposition from ultra-secular rulers. This makes sufi leaders in Turkey must transform the teachings of sufism. Through this article, the author seeks to display the patterns and approaches of a new sufism in Turkey, which came to be known as modern sufism. The authors base this study from the analysis of Said Nursi and Fethullah Gulen’s thoughts on sufism. The authors conclude that the pattern and approach of modern sufism in Turkey is carried out without tariqah. Nevertheless, the order transformed into an Islamic movement by adopting a state-legalized organization. It is also a form of adaptation carried out by sufi figures in Turkey as a measure of anticipation of the repressive actions of ultra-secular rulers against the followers of the order
Konsep Al-Ḥaq dalam Al-Qur’an : pendekatan semantik
Full text linkDalam Al-Qur’ān kebenaran/benar identik diungkapkan dengan kata Al- Ḥaq padahal ada makna lain yang dituju selain makna tersebut. Dengan kata lain ada beragam makna yang diungkapkan Allah melalui Al-Qur’ān terhadap kata Al- Ḥaq karena pada dasarnya setiap kata dalam Al-Qur’ān mempunyai kegunaannya masing-masing. Fokus permasalahan dalam penilitian ini adalah bagaimana makna dasar, relasional, sinkronik, diakronik, dan weltanshauung atau pandangan dunia dari kata Al-Ḥaq. Dalam penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk memafahamkan masyarakat bagaimana konsep weltanshauung (pandangan dunia) dari kata Al-Ḥaq serta mengetahui proses pergeseran makna dari Al-Ḥaq.
Penelitian ini berjenis pustaka (library research) dengan menggunakan teknik dokumentasi. Data untuk pendukung penelitian ini berupa data primer yang terdiri dari kitab suci Al-Qur’ān, terjemah, dan kamus-kamus. Sedangkan untuk data sekundernya ialah buku-buku, jurnal dan kitab - kitab yang mendukung penelitian tersebut. Semua data tersebut diolah menggunakan metode deskriptif dan mengguakan pendekatan Semantik Toshihiko Izutsu
Penelitian ini menghasilkan makna dasar dari Al- Ḥaq ialah benar sedangkan makna relasionalnya ialah Allah, Islam, Al-Qur’ān, adil, benar, hari kiamat, sesuatu yang pasti terjadi, bagian, harta, ketauhidan, dan keinginan. Ditemukan adanya pergeseran makna pada sinkronik dan diakroniknya, yaitu pada masa pra Qur’anik kata Al- Ḥaq berarti sesuatu yang seharusnya terjadi, sedangkan pada Qur’anik kata Al- Ḥaq berkembang menjadi beberapa makna yang sudah disebutkan di atas. Sehingga ditemukan makna weltaschauung dari kata Al- Ḥaq ialah sebuah penekanan pada kebenaran jika diletakkan kepada Tuhan maka Dzat yang maha kebenaran mutlak. Jika selain Tuhan maka sesuatu yang pasti kebenarannya dan tak bisa dihindari
IMPLEMENTASI PENGUKURAN HASIL BELAJAR MELALUI METODE SOSIOMETRI DALAM SIKAP SOSIAL SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PAI DI KELAS VIII SMP 2 JATI KUDUS TAHUN 2016/2017”
No full textLatar belakang yang mendorong penelitian ini adalah berdasarkan penggambaran hasil belajar pada umumnya cenderung ke kemampuan yang bersifat kognitif. Sedangkan aspek afektif dan psikomotorik jarang tersentuh, kalaupun tersentuh sifatnya hanya perkiraan belaka. Metode sosiometri merupakan pengukuran hasil belajar dalam sikap sosial siswa dengan melibatkan partisipasi dari para siswa itu sendiri, dimana penyelidikan dilakukan oleh teman-temannya sendiri. Teknik pengumpulan serta analisis data mengenai pilihan, komunikasi, dan pola interaksi antar individu dalam suatu kelompok pergaulan. Metode ini digunkan untuk mengukur hasil belajar siswa pada aspek afektif.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mengetahui Implementasi pengukuran hasil belajar melalui metode sosiometri dalam sikap sosial siswa pada mata pelajaran PAI di kelas VIII SMP 2 Jati Kudus tahun 2016/2017. 2) Mengetahui faktor yang menghambat dan solusi dalam Implementasi pengukuran hasil belajar melalui metode sosiometri dalam sikap sosial siswa pada mata pelajaran PAI di kelas VIII SMP 2 Jati Kudus tahun 2016/2017.
Penelitian ini mengambil data dari SMP 2 Jati Kudus. Subyek dari penelitiab ini adalah, kepala sekolah, guru, dan siswa SMP 2 Jati Kudus. Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan implementasi pengukuran hasil belajar melalui metode sosiometri dalam sikap sosial siswa meliputi 1) persiapan yaitu dengan membuat tujuan dilaksankannya pengukuran hasil belajar melalui metode sosiometri, membuat angket sosiometri, membuat kriteria peniliaian dan penskoran. 2) Pelaksanaan yaitu dengan membagi angket sosiometri. 3) guru melakukan pengolahan data terhadap angket sosiometri yang sudah didapat sesuai dengan kriteria yang sudah dipersiapkan dan mengintrepetasikan skor pilihan ke dalam tabulasi matriks siswa. Bentuk sikap sosial dari siswa sendiri adalah sikap pengabdian, tolong-menolong, kekeluargaan, kesetiaan serta kepedulian antar sesama teman. Sedang faktor yang menghambat dan solusi dalam Implementasi pengukuran hasil belajar melalui metode sosiometri dalam sikap sosial siswa adalah kurangnya guru PAI pada pemahaman konsep yang utuh mengenai pelaksanaan pengukuran hasil belajar melalui metode sosiometri itu sendiri dan problematika yang dialami siswa antara lain siswa kurang memahami hakekat pengukuran hasil belajar melalui metode sosiometri sendiri. Solusi yang dilakukan meliputi optimalisasi MGMP di tingkat sekolah, mengadakan pelatihan-pelatihan terhadap guru PAI, selalu memberikan bimbingan kepada siswa pada waktu proses pembelajaran tentang hakekat sosiometri
Pengaruh stres kerja dan beban kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui burnout sebagai variabel intervening pada cv cahaya utama box kudus
Full text linkPenelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh stress kerja dan beban kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui burnout sebagai variabel intervening pada CV Cahaya Utama Box Kudus. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua variabel endogen, yaitu burnout dan kinerja karyawan, serta dua variabel eksogen, yaitu stress kerja dan beban kerja. Pada penelitian ini pengumpulan data menggunakan metode kuesioner. Sedangkan sampel penelitian dalam penelitian sebesar 109 responden dengan teknik sampel jenuh. Analisis data yang digunakan (SEM) Structual Equatuion Modeling yang di operasikan melalui program AMOS. Hasil penelitian stress kerja berpengaruh positif terhadap burnout. Beban kerja berpengaruh positif terhadap burnout. Stres kerja dan beban kerja berpengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja karyawan. Burnout berpengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja karyawa
Pendekatan Kaidah Fikih dalam Konteks Hukum Islam Kontemporer : (Kajian Prinsip Kehati-hatian, Kemaslahatan, dan Keringanan)
No full textThe rules of fiqh are fundamental principles in Islamic law that provide guidance in resolving complex legal issues, especially in modern social, economic, and political contexts. This article examines the relevance of four main rules of fiqh, namely: (1) If halal and haram come together, then haram defeats halal; (2) If two mafsadat conflict, then the lesser harmful one is prioritized; (3) Policies towards the people must be based on the public interest; (4) The easy is not defeated by the difficult. This study attempts to analyze the application of these rules in a contemporary context through an analytical-descriptive approach to classical and modern literature. The results of the study show that these rules are not only universal, but also adaptive in facing the dynamics of the times. The first rule is relevant in the regulation of halal-haram in the halal industry and sharia economy. The second rule contributes to mafsadat mitigation policies on health issues and public law. The third rule provides a normative basis for policies based on public interest, such as the distribution of zakat and productive waqf. The fourth principle reflects the flexibility of sharia in the obligation of worship and muamalah. The novelty of this article lies in the integration of fiqh principles with specific case studies in the modern era and the offering of an applicative framework based on maqashid sharia that is in line with the sustainable development goals (SDGs). These findings are expected to contribute to the development of Islamic law that is relevant and responsive to global needs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Methods and Stages of Ijtihad in Fiqh Nawazil: Correlation and Implementation in Fatwa of the Indonesia Ulama Council Related to Covid-19
No full textFiqh, like the law in general, always faces new problems (nawāzil) that need solutions through ijtihad. To establish the law of the problem of fiqh nawazil, a standard method of ijtihad is needed. Through this research, the author seeks to review the literature related to ijtihad fiqh nawazil to be assembled into a standard method, which is then compared with the procedure of establishing fatwa of the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) and used as a theory to dissect MUI fatwa related to Covid-19. From the results of the study of related literature, ijtihad fiqh nawazil can be conducted by three methods, namely bayānī, ta’līlī, and istiṣlaḥī, which are then practiced through three stages, namely taṣawwur al-masalat, takyīf fiqhī, and taṭbīq al-ahkām. Although there is a slight difference in the aspect of language between the methods and stages of the ijtihad fiqh nawazil with the MUI fatwa establishment procedure, both have the same substance, so it can be concluded that the fatwa establishment procedure of the MUI has included three stages of the ijtihad fiqh nawazil methods. This is increasingly seen in the MUI fatwa decree related to Covid-19, especially in the Law on the Use of AstraZeneca Vaccine.Fikih, sebagaimana hukum pada umumnya, akan selalu menemui masalah-masalah baru (nawāzil) yang membutuhkan solusi melalui proses ijtihad. Untuk menentukan hukum dari masalah fikih nawāzil, diperlukan metode ijtihad yang baku. Melalui penelitian ini, penulis berupaya mengkaji literatur-literatur yang berkaitan dengan ijtihad fikih nawāzil untuk dapat dirangkai menjadi sebuah metode baku, yang kemudian dikomparasikan dengan prosedur penetapan fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI), serta digunakan sebagai teori untuk membedah fatwa-fatwa MUI terkait Covid-19. Dari hasil pengkajian literatur-literatur terkait, ijtihad fikih nawāzil dapat dilakukan dengan tiga metode, yaitu bayānī, ta’līlī, dan istiṣlaḥī, yang kemudian dipraktikkan melalui tiga tahapan, yaitu taṣawwur al-masalat, takyīf fiqhī, dan taṭbīq al-ahkām. Meskipun terdapat sedikit perbedaan dari aspek kebahasaan antara metode dan tahapan ijtihad fikih nawāzil tersebut dengan prosedur penetapan fatwa MUI, keduanya memiliki substansi yang sama, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa prosedur penetapan fatwa MUI telah mencakup tiga tahapan dari metode ijtihad fikih nawāzil tersebut. Hal ini semakin terlihat implementasinya dalam Surat Keputusan Fatwa MUI terkait Covid-19, terkhusus tentang Hukum Penggunaan Vaksin Covid-19 Produk Astrazeneca
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