229 research outputs found
Co władca powinien wiedzieć o władaniu – według egipskich mędrców i Niccolò Machiavellego
No full textThe paper studies the thought of Ancient Egypt in the context of Niccolò Machiavelli’s work entitled The Prince, which has not yet been examined in the context of political philosophy. The author outlines many similarities between the texts and their authors’ honest and substantive approach to the subject discussed. It seems that through the realistic presentation of selected aspects of power, these works are practical guides for the authorities rather than only postulates regarding the functioning of the state and the ruler. At the same time, the author of the article seeks to stress the value of these works which express the political thought of their time and contain some universal observations
Recepcja pism Niccolò Machiavellego w twórczości literackiej Andrzeja Maksymiliana Fredry
No full textIn this article I will try to show to what extent the writings of Niccolò Machiavelli influenced the literary work of Andrzej Maksymilian Fredro. It is worth mentioning that the political thought of the author of The Prince was widely known among the Polish intellectual elite in the 17th century. However, in the old Poland, the Florentine was increasingly criticized, as he was believed to promote a type of politics full of falsehood and cynicism. In his works, Fredro did not perceive Machiavelli in this way. He was referring to the ideas contained in two works – different in content – by the Florentine secretary: The Prince and Discourses on the First Decade of Titus Livius.W niniejszym artykule postaram się ukazać, w jakim stopniu pisma Niccolò Machiavellego oddziaływały na twórczość literacką Andrzeja Maksymiliana Fredry. Warto wspomnieć, że myśl polityczna autora Księcia była w XVII w. rozpowszechniona wśród polskiej elity umysłowej. Jednak w dawnej Polsce coraz częściej krytykowano Florentczyka, uważając, iż propaguje typ polityki przepełnionej fałszem i cynizmem. Fredro w swoich dziełach nie postrzegał w ten sposób Machiavellego. Odnosił się bowiem do idei zawartych w dwóch – różnych pod względem treści – dziełach florenckiego sekretarza: Księciu oraz Rozważaniach nad pierwszym dziesięcioksięgiem historii Rzymu Liwiusza
In Praise For Monstrosities. The Case of Niccolò Machiavelli
No full textIn the paper author refers to the passage from The Prince of Niccolò Machiavelli, in which the famous Florentine says that there are two kinds of combat: one with laws, the other with force. Author defend the claim that by writing this, Machiavelli opened up a new and still unused way of thinking about nature-culture relationship. A follower of this way of thinking withdraws from saying that nature is surpassed by culture, or that nature is nothing else but a subject of an on-going human speculation, and rebuts the sole hypothesis that what there is, is nothing but nature. Modern Western culture entrusted its key opposition to the nature-culture relationship. By and large, political philosophy is a story about surpassing the nature in order to establish a state under the rule of law. According to Machiavelli, the juxtaposition of nature and culture, the narrative on surpassing by politics the laws of nature, just as well as the narrative on us being stuck in it, are all utterly wrong. Accepting the ambiguity of the opposition between nature and culture and assuming that the social contract is indeed fictitious, author would like to question Machiavelli about his vision of subjectivity and politics in a world where “natural objects” appear to be socialized, and “cultural subjects” appear to be dissocial. In the way author puts the question: does Machiavelli recommend monstrosity by writing stories in praise of monstrosity as it may well seem
Per un'edizione delle postille di Niccolò Tommaseo alla Crusca veronese del Cesari
No full textThis article examines the handwritten annotations made by Niccolò Tommaseo in the first volume of the Crusca veronese edited by Abbot Antonio Cesari. It retraces the research process carried out by the author, with particular attention to the transcription and analysis of these annotations, aiming to reconstruct the Dalmatian scholar's linguistic reflections and lexicographic methods. The study highlights the systematic nature of Tommaseo's annotations and connects them to his later lexicographic works, such as the Nuovo dizionario de' sinonimi and the Dizionario della lingua italiana. Finally, the article presents a sample critical edition of selected annotations, accompanied by a discussion of the editorial criteria applied
Risposta
No full textL’autore risponde alle riflessioni di Giampiero Moretti e Niccolò Scaffai sul suo Manifesto.The author replies to Giampiero Moretti’s and Niccolò Scaffai’s reflections on his Manifesto
Citazioni in cornice. Autori visibili e autori invisibili nel novelliere di Niccolò Granucci
No full textL'articolo analizza le citazioni utilizzate da Niccolò Granucci nella raccolta di novelle La piacevol notte e 'l lieto giorno (1574). Si tratta di citazioni dirette, tratte spesso da testi poetici, ma anche di citazioni mascherate di autori ben noti (Ariosto, Boccaccio, Castiglione). Ci sono infine citazioni fuorvianti,alle quali viene attribuita una paternità almeno in parte ingannevole. Le diverse modalità citazionali di Granucci dipendono dalla suadifferenziata percezione delle proprie fonti, che comprendono sì i rappresentanti dell'alta letteratura, ma anche pagine secondarie considerate come puro materiale di lavoro.The paper examines the use of quotes in the collection of tales La piacevol notte e 'l lieto giorno (1574) by Niccolò Granucci. The author spans from direct references, often from poetic texts, to rewritings of well-known authors (Ariosto, Boccaccio, Castiglione). There are also some deceptive quotations, whose paternity is consciously misleading. The peculiar way of quoting depends on Granucci's perception of his sources, which include high literature as well as excerpts merely considered as working materials
La Quadriga spirituale e la Quadriga litteralis di Niccolò da Osimo: intertestualità e riscrittura
No full textAbstract in italianoL’articolo revisiona l’opera e la figura del frate minore osservante Niccolò da Osimo (1370-1453) concentrandosi sulla rivalutazione di due opere centrali di questo autore: la Quadriga spirituale e la Quadriga litteralis. In base all’esame e all’analisi dei manoscritti che tramandano le due opere del frate osimano, si propongono dati inediti sulla loro composizione e sulla biografia dell’autore. Lo studio dei testi presi in esame si serve della terminologia sviluppata dalla critica letteraria, in particolare quella di Gérard Genette, intorno alla riscrittura e all’intertestualità. Il contributo mette in evidenza i rapporti intertestuali tra le due opere maggiori e tra queste e altre opere minori, composte per promuovere la disciplina religiosa e la preparazione teologico-morale dei frati osservanti.Abstract in EnglishThis article reviews the work and figure of the Franciscan Observant friar Niccolò da Osimo (1370-1453) focusing on the re-evaluation of two central works of the author: the Quadriga spirituale and the Quadriga litteralis. It unfolds new information on the composition of the works and on the biography of the friar of Osimo, based on the examination and analysis of the manuscripts transmitting his writings. The study of the examined texts resorts to the terminology developed by the literary theory, in particular that of Gérard Genette, concerning rewriting and intertextuality. The essay shows the intertextual relations between the two main works and between these and other minor works composed to promote religious discipline and moral theological education among the Observant friars
Conflito civil e liberdade no pensamento republicano de maquiavel
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, Florianópolis, 2015Nosso propósito é refletir as condições da liberdade partindo da teoria do conflito civil em Maquiavel. Para cumprir essa finalidade, analisamos dois segmentos sociais que se confrontam em toda cidade, os grandes e o povo (grandi e plebe), aos quais correspondem dois humores (umori) de característica heterogênea: os grandes que desejam dominar o povo e o do povo que deseja unicamente viver em liberdade. Desse natural e ineliminável conflito, Maquiavel concebe as relações sociais em dissenso, ligeiramente distanciadas da concordia ordinum. Há, com esse pressuposto, uma relativa igualdade política na dinâmica do próprio enfrentamento desses humores que, ao serem acolhidos e recriados pelas instituições republicanas, se traduzem em leis e liberdade que beneficiam o conjunto da cidade. A teoria do conflito civil, ao esboçar certa autonomia em relação ao modelo polibiano da anacyclosis, ainda muito reproduzida pela tradição do pensamento político, acaba positivando o desejo do povo - ao lado do humor dos grandes - gerando reações aristocráticas diante de um presumível republicanismo popular do autor - Francesco Guicciardini confirma essa perspectiva. O desafio está em compreender que aspectos efetivamente concorrem nesse processo que vai, desde a anulação do bom e positivo conflito civil, para um convívio determinado por relações de subordinação e servidão (vivere servo). Mobilizando alguns capítulos centrais dos Discursos sobre a primeira década de Tito Lívio e de História de Florença - mas não sem remissões pontuais a outras obras do autor que subsidiem a discussão -, mostramos que a demanda por ações extraordinárias (straordinari) em situações de repúblicas corrompidíssimas, se deve à ingerência de relações desiguais e facciosas entre os distintos segmentos. À desigualdade nessas relações, atribui-se relativa inflexão do conteúdo político dos humores em direção a aspectos e fenômenos de natureza econômica. Trata-se de mostrar, em Maquiavel, que o próprio núcleo da teoria do conflito civil é permeado por uma clivagem social e econômica que sugere uma medida mais flexível de leitura de sua própria teoria do conflito civil e da liberdade.Abstract: Our purpose is to reflect the conditions of liberty based on the theory of civil conflict in Machiavelli. To accomplish this purpose, we analyzed two social sectors which are faced in every city, the big ones and the people (grandi and plebs), that correspond to two moods (umori) of heterogeneous feature: the big ones that wish to master the people and the people who only want to live in liberty. From this natural and non-eliminable conflict, Machiavelli conceives social relations in dissent, slightly away from concordia ordinum. There is, with this assumption, a relative political equality in the dynamics of the own confrontation of these moods that, when received and recreated by republican institutions, are translated into laws and liberty that benefit the entire city. The civil conflict theory, when showing certain autonomy from the Polybian model of anacyclosis, still very reproduced by the tradition of political thought, ended up achieving the will of the people - next to the big ones mood - generating aristocratic reactions to a presumable republicanism popular of the author - Francesco Guicciardini confirms this perspective. The challenge is to understand what aspects effectively compete in this process which is, since the abolishment of good and positive civil conflict, to a coexistence determined by relations of subordination and servitude (vivere servo). Mobilizing some central chapters of Discourses on Titus Livy's first ten books [Discorsi sopra la prima deca di Tito Livio] and Florentine Histories [Istorie Fiorentine] - but not without occasional references to other works of the author who subsidize the discussion - we showed that the demand for extraordinary actions (straordinari) in situations of corrupted republics, is due to the interference of unequal and unfair relations between different segments. To the inequality in these relations is attributed inflection of the political content of moods toward aspects and phenomena of an economic nature. This is to show, in Machiavelli, that the core of the civil conflict theory is permeated by a social and economic cleavage suggesting a more flexible measure of reading his own theory of civil conflict and liberty
Um estudo sobre as trajetórias dos projéteis nas obras de Niccolò Tartaglia
No full textEste trabalho tem por objetivo tratar alguns aspectos das diferentes argumentações de Niccolò Tartaglia (1500-1556) sobre as trajetórias dos projéteis. Na Nova Scientia (1537), as trajetórias seriam compostas por duas retas e um arco de circunferência. Já nos Quesiti et Inventioni Diverse (1546), elas são apresentadas completamente curvas. Esses dois enfoques diferentes dados ao tema sugeriram a alguns historiadores que Tartaglia teria mudado de ideia, abandonando, de certa maneira, suas antigas convicções. Desse modo, baseado em documentos originais, este trabalho busca retomar os argumentos de Tartaglia de modo a compreendermos as razões que o teriam levado a dar dois diferentes enfoques nas duas obras. Dentre outros fatores, apresentamos indícios de que Tartaglia passou a contar, por volta de 1540, com obras anteriormente desconhecidas e que pouco circulavam até então. Tendo isso em vista, nosso trabalho fornece indícios de que podemos observar certa continuidade entre as argumentações de Tartaglia sobre as trajetórias nessas duas obrasThis work aims to address some aspects of Niccolò Tartaglia's (1500-1556) different arguments on the trajectories of projectiles. On one hand, at Nova Scientia (1537), the author explained that the trajectories were composed by two straight lines and a circular arc; on the other, at Quesiti et Inventioni Diverse (1546), the same trajectories were presented only as curves. These two different approaches to the trajectory of projectiles suggested to some historians that Tartaglia had changed his mind, leaving, in a way, his old beliefs. Thus, based on original documents, this paper seeks to resume Tartaglia arguments in order to understand the reasons which would have led him to change his approaches in those two works. Despite other factors, we present evidence that Tartaglia had, around 1540, come in contact with works that had almost none circulation before. With this in mind, our work provides evidence that there is some continuity between the arguments of Tartaglia on the trajectories in these two worksCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio
Celto-Iranica : The strange case of a carnyx in Parthian Nisa
No full textThe author discusses the frieze of an ivory rhyton among the 50 specimens found in Parthian Nisa in 1948. He particularly draws attention on the elder satyr playing a carnyx in the vicinity of a low hill where a goat flees, while a younger satyr is falling in the attempt to catch it, and two satyrs are menacing it by keeping a mastiff dog on leash. The author interprets the scene as a simulated hunt, by virtue of the exaggerated means employed, and suggests reading it as a ceremonial hunt in the context of Cybele’s cult, namely a criobolium, the earliest mentions of which are to be found in Pergamon during the third quarter of the 2nd century BC. This event fits in the likely chronology of the frieze at issue, and moreover points to the depiction of carnyces in Pergamon as a possible source for the knowledge of such instruments in Asia. In effect, carnyces are just exceptionally witnessed in Inner Asia, as they are allegedly Celtic instruments ; therefore, the Nisean depiction calls for further considerations on the provenance of the whole corpus of the ivory rhyta. This leads the author to deal with another delicate topic, the name of Cybele’s priests, the γάλλοι : the author supports the idea that they were thus called after the ethnonym of Gaulish people, who gained an eminent role in Cybele’s temple-town, Pessinous. The reading of the Nisean frieze may therefore provide a new glimpse onto a longstanding matter.Celto-Iranica : le cas étrange du carnyx de Nisa (pays des Parthes).
L’auteur analyse la frise d’un des 50 rhytons en ivoire découvertes à Nisa en 1948. Il examine particulièrement la figure du satyre âgé jouant du carnyx près d’un rocher où une chèvre s’est retirée, tandis qu’un jeune satyre trébuche en essayant de l’attraper et deux autres le menacent avec un gros chien en laisse. L’auteur interprète la scène comme une simulation de chasse en vertu des moyens excessifs qui sont employés, et suggère de le lire comme une chasse rituelle en rapport avec le culte de Cybèle, le criobolium, qui est mentionné la première fois à Pergame au troisième quart du
IIe siècle av. J. C. Cela s’accorde avec la datation possible du rhyton en question, et cela indique en outre Pergame comme une source probable pour la connaissance des carnyces
en Asie. Effectivement, les carnyces ne sont qu’exceptionnellement représentés en Asie Intérieure, comme il est normal pour des instruments typiquement celtiques. Par conséquent, la représentation de Nisa se prête à des considérations sur la provenance du répertoire entier des rhyta en ivoire. Ce qui conduit l’auteur à aborder un autre sujet très délicat, c’est-à-dire le titre des prêtres de Cybèle, les γάλλοι : l’auteur soutient l’hypothèse qu’ils sont ainsi appelés d’après l’ethnonyme des Gaulois, qui ont acquis un rôle éminent dans la ville-temple de Cybèle, Pessinonte. La lecture de la frise de Nisa peut donc donner un nouvel éclairage sur un ancien débat.Manassero Niccolò. Celto-Iranica : The strange case of a carnyx in Parthian Nisa. In: Etudes Celtiques, vol. 39, 2013. pp. 61-86
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