34,178 research outputs found
Predictive modeling of spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris) resting habitat in the main Hawaiian Islands
No full textPredictive habitat models can provide critical information that is necessary in many conservation applications. Using Maximum Entropy modeling, we characterized habitat relationships and generated spatial predictions of spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris) resting habitat in the main Hawaiian Islands. Spinner dolphins in Hawai'i exhibit predictable daily movements, using inshore bays as resting habitat during daylight hours and foraging in offshore waters at night. There are growing concerns regarding the effects of human activities on spinner dolphins resting in coastal areas. However, the environmental factors that define suitable resting habitat remain unclear and must be assessed and quantified in order to properly address interactions between humans and spinner dolphins. We used a series of dolphin sightings from recent surveys in the main Hawaiian Islands and a suite of environmental variables hypothesized as being important to resting habitat to model spinner dolphin resting habitat. The model performed well in predicting resting habitat and indicated that proximity to deep water foraging areas, depth, the proportion of bays with shallow depths, and rugosity were important predictors of spinner dolphin habitat. Predicted locations of suitable spinner dolphin resting habitat provided in this study indicate areas where future survey efforts should be focused and highlight potential areas of conflict with human activities. This study provides an example of a presence-only habitat model used to inform the management of a species for which patterns of habitat availability are poorly understood
Stem cell expansion and bioreactor development
No full textPhDA major challenge to the clinical success of cell-based tissue engineering strategies is the ability to obtain sufficient numbers of cells within an acceptable time frame. The expansion of cells on microcarriers within spinner flask bioreactor has shown promise in meeting that challenge. Spinner flask microcarrier technology is space-saving and media utilisation efficient. However, further optimisation in terms of, for example, seeding efficiency, expansion rates and harvest efficiency is necessary to realise the clinical potential of this technology. The present work is designed to improve cell expansion rates. It involves investigation of microcarrier composition and surface structure and spinner flask shear stress on cell growth.
BMSC growth on PHBV microcarriers was superior to PCL and PLGA microcarriers and comparable to Cytodex 1 microcarriers. Lower density PHBV microcarriers showed promise as a superior alternative to Cytodex 1. Two different impeller designs employed in the w/o/w method of microcarrier synthesis resulted in smoother and rougher PCL microcarriers with Ra = 1.77 ± 0.42 μm to 6.4 ± 1.48 μm respectively. Superior BMSC growth was observed on the rougher PCL microcarriers. Differentiation potential along the osteogenic and adipogenic lineages of BMSCs expanded on the microcarrier types was retained.
Particle Image Velocimetry was used to quantify shear stress within a spinner flask bioreactor. It was found that 80% of the shear stress was localised within the impeller region which occupied 55% of the bioreactor working volume. Shear stress increased as Cytodex 1 microcarrier concentration and impeller rotational speed increased. Superior BMSC growth rates on microcarriers were observed for the lowest shear stress experimental group (3.4 x 10-3 N/m2 ≤ impeller region mean shear stress ≤ 4.6 x 10-3 N/m2) as compared to the three higher shear stress groups (5.5 x 10-3 N/m2 ≤ mean shear stress ≤ 1.3 x 10-2 N/m2). Expanded BMSCs on the cytodex 1 microcarriers retained multipotentiality for the range of shear stresses investigated
Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions B(B0→K∗0γ )/B(B0s→φγ ) and the directCP asymmetry inB 0→K∗0γ
No full textThe ratio of branching fractions of the radiative B decays B0→K⁎0γ and B0s→ϕγ has been measured using an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1 of pp collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of s√=7TeV. The value obtained is
B(B0→K⁎0γ)B(B0s→ϕγ)=1.23±0.06(stat.)±0.04(syst.)±0.10(fs/fd),
where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the experimental systematic uncertainty and the third is associated with the ratio of fragmentation fractions fs/fd. Using the world average value for B(B0→K⁎0γ), the branching fraction B(B0s→ϕγ) is measured to be (3.5±0.4)×10−5.
The direct CP asymmetry in B0→K⁎0γ decays has also been measured with the same data and found to be
ACP(B0→K⁎0γ)=(0.8±1.7(stat.)±0.9(syst.))%.
Both measurements are the most precise to date and are in agreement with the previous experimental results and theoretical expectations
Cytologically balanced t(2;20) in a two-generation family with alagille syndrome: cytogenetic and molecular studies.
No full textAlagille syndrome is a clinically defined, dominantly inherited disorder affecting the liver, heart, face, eye, and vertebrae. Alagille syndrome has previously been localized to the short arm of chromosome 20, on the basis of reports of a small number of patients with chromosomal deletions of 20p. We undertook a cytogenetic study of patients with Alagille syndrome and identified a family in which a cytologically balanced translocation between chromosomes 2 and 20, 46,XX/XY, t(2;20)(q21.3;p12), is segregating concordantly with the disease. The breakpoint on chromosome 20p in this t(2;20) is consistent with the shortest region of overlap demonstrated in the reported deletion patients. This is the first report of a translocation associated with 20p and Alagille syndrome, and this rearrangement confirms the location of the Alagille disease gene at 20p12. We have established a somatic cell hybrid from a lymphoblastoid cell line from one of the affected individuals that contains the derivative chromosome 20 (20qter-->p12::2q21.3-->qter) but not the derivative chromosome 2, the normal chromosome 2, or the normal chromosome 20. Southern blot and PCR analysis of probes and sequences from 20p have been studied to define the location of the translocation breakpoint. Our results show that the breakpoint lies distal to D20S61 and D20S56 within band 20p12
Measurement of b-hadron masses
No full textMeasurements of b-hadron masses are performed with the exclusive decay modes B +→J/ψK +, B 0→J/ψK +, B0→J/ψKS0, Bs0→J/ψφ and Λb0→J/ψΛ using an integrated luminosity of 35pb -1 collected in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV by the LHCb experiment. The momentum scale is calibrated with J/ψ→μ +μ - decays and verified to be known to a relative precision of 2 ×10 -4 using other two-body decays. The results are more precise than previous measurements, particularly in the case of the Bs0 and Λb0 masses
Observations of Bºs→ψ(2S)η and Bº(s)→ψ(2S)π+π- decays
No full textFirst observations of the B0s
→ψ(2S)η, B0 →ψ(2S)π
+
π
− and B0s
→ψ(2S)π
+
π
− decays are made
using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1 collected by the LHCb experiment in
proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of
√
s = 7 TeV. The ratios of the branching fractions
of each of the ψ(2S) modes with respect to the corresponding J/ψ decays are
B(B0s
→ψ(2S)η)
÷
B(B0s
→J/ψη)
= 0.83± 0.14 (stat)±0.12 (syst) ±0.02 (B),
;
B(B0→ψ(2S)π
+
π
−
)
÷
B(B0→J/ψπ
+
π
−
)
= 0.56± 0.07 (stat)±0.05 (syst)± 0.01 (B),
;
B(B0s
→ψ(2S)π
+
π
−
)
÷
B(B0s
→J/ψπ
+
π
−
)
= 0.34± 0.04 (stat)±0.03 (syst)± 0.01 (B),
where the third uncertainty corresponds to the uncertainties of the dilepton branching fractions of the J/ψ
and ψ(2S) meson decays
Branching fraction and CP asymmetry of the decays B+→K0Sπ+ and B+→K0SK+
No full textAn analysis of B+ → K0
Sπ+ and B+ → K0
S K+ decays is performed with the LHCb experiment. The pp
collision data used correspond to integrated luminosities of 1 fb−1 and 2 fb−1 collected at centre-ofmass
energies of
√
s = 7 TeV and
√
s = 8 TeV, respectively. The ratio of branching fractions and the
direct CP asymmetries are measured to be B(B+ → K0
S K+
)/B(B+ → K0
Sπ+
) = 0.064 ± 0.009 (stat.) ±
0.004 (syst.), ACP(B+ → K0
Sπ+
) = −0.022 ± 0.025 (stat.) ± 0.010 (syst.) and ACP(B+ → K0
S K+
) =
−0.21 ± 0.14 (stat.) ± 0.01 (syst.). The data sample taken at
√
s = 7 TeV is used to search for
B+
c
→ K0
S K+ decays and results in the upper limit ( fc · B(B+
c
→ K0
S K+
))/( fu · B(B+ → K0
Sπ+
)) <
5.8 × 10−2 at 90% confidence level, where fc and fu denote the hadronisation fractions of a ¯b
quark
into a B+
c or a B+ meson, respectively
Evidence for the decay B0→J/ψω and measurement of the relative branching fractions of meson decays to J/ψη and J/ψη′
No full textFirst evidence of the B 0 → J / ψ ω decay is found and the B s 0 → J / ψ η and B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ decays are studied using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb -1 collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The branching fractions of these decays are measured relative to that of the B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0 decay:frac(B (B 0 → J / ψ ω), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 0.89 ± 0.19 (stat) - 0.13 + 0.07 (syst),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 14.0 ± 1.2 (stat) - 1.5 + 1.1 (syst) - 1.0 + 1.1 (frac(f d, f s)),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 12.7 ± 1.1 (stat) - 1.3 + 0.5 (syst) - 0.9 + 1.0 (frac(f d, f s)), where the last uncertainty is due to the knowledge of f d / f s, the ratio of b-quark hadronization factors that accounts for the different production rate of B 0 and B s 0 mesons. The ratio of the branching fractions of B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ and B s 0 → J / ψ η decays is measured to befrac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B s 0 → J / ψ η)) = 0.90 ± 0.09 (stat) - 0.02 + 0.06 (syst)
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Spinner Word Berbasis Kontekstual pada Muatan Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Kelas III di Sekolah Dasar No. 9 Benoa Kabupaten Badung
No full text Penelitian pengembangan dilakukan untuk mengembangkan sebuah produk Media Pembelajaran Spinner Word. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan rancang bangun Media Pembelajaran Spinner Word pada Muatan Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Kelas III dan (2) mengetahui validitas Media Pembelajaran Spinner Word pada Muatan Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Kelas III. Penelitian pengembangan ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE dengan lima tahapan diantaranya (analyze, design, development, implementation, evaluation). Penelitian terbatas sampai pada tahap uji coba perorangan, dikarenakan kondisi pandemi Covid-19 yang tidak memungkinkan untuk melibatkan banyak siswa. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian yaitu metode non tes dengan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif dan teknik analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian pengembangan meliputi hasil (1) deskriptif proses pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Spinner Word. (2) Media Pembelajaran Spinner Word dinyatakan valid berdasarkan penilaian dari ahli isi pembelajaran memperoleh persentase sebesar (90,90%) dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, ahli desain pembelajaran memperoleh persentase sebesar (85%) dengan kualifikasi baik, ahli media pembelajaran memperoleh persentase sebesar (90,62%) dengan kualifikasi sangat baik dan penilaian siswa melalui uji coba perorangan dengan tiga orang siswa memperoleh persentase sebesar (91,66%) dengan kualifikasi sangat baik. Dari hasil uji coba dapat disimpulkan bahwa Media Pembelajaran Spinner Word pada Muatan Bahasa Indonesia valid digunakan pada proses pembelajaran
SEM-micrographs of the microornamentation (MO) of <i>Bitis rhinoceros</i> on different body regions.
No full text<p>The MO patterns coincide with the black and pale colouration. <b>A,</b> Pale dorsal areas show a verrucate MO pattern covered with pits in nanometer range. <b>B,</b> Black dorsal areas show a hierarchical microornamentation consisting of microscopic leaf-like structures covered with nanoridges. <b>c,</b> Ventralia have nanoridges with nanoscopic knobs (after Spinner et al., 2013).</p
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