12 research outputs found
The Role of Farmer Groups in Increasing Shallot Production in Simamora Village, Baktiraja District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency
No full text80 HalamanPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan kelompok tani dalam
meningkatkan produksi bawang merah di Desa Simamora Kecamatan Baktiraja
dan mengetahui apa saja hambatan yang dihadapi kelompok tani terhadap
peningkatan produksi bawang merah di Desa Simamora Kecamatan Baktiraja.
Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2022 s/d Februari 2022 di Desa
Simamora Kecamatan Baktiraja. Jumlah petani yang diambil secara acak
sederhana (simple random sampling) sebagai responden sebanyak 40
orang. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi langsung dan wawancara
dengan responden menggunakan daftar pertanyaan serta data sekunder. Analisis
data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan sistem skoring
yaitu memberikan skor pada setiap item pertanyaan yang digunakan untuk melihat
peranan kelompok tani.Berdasarkan hasil uraian penelitian dan pembahasan yang
dilakukan sehubungan dengan permasalahan penelitian, maka dapat disimpulkan
peranan kelompok tani terhadap peningkatan produksi bawang merah di Desa
Simamora Kecamatan Baktiraja dalam 1. Peranan kelompok tani terhadap
peningkatan produksi bawang merah di Desa Simamora Kecamatan Baktiraja
berpengaruh dengan hasil produksi bawang merah yang dimana peranan
kelompok tani dari ke 4 indikator yang dimana sumber informasi dengan skor
316 dengan kategori tinggi. Peranan kelompok tani terhadap penyediaan fasilitas
dan sarana di kategorikan sedang dengan skor 284. Sedangkan peranan kelompok
perencanaan kegiatan di kategorikan sedang dengan skor 280. Peranan kelompok
tani penggunana teknologi dengan skor 276 di kategorikan sedang. 2.Produksi
usaha tani bawangom merah di kelompok tani di Desa Simamora Kecamatan
Baktiraja Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan adalah produksi dengan rata –rata
4683,15 Kg/Ha. Permusim tanam Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan kesimpulan
maka saran yang akan terkait dengan peranan kelompok tani terhadap peningkatan
produksi bawang merah yaitu 1. Pemerintah Humbang Hasundutan Khususnya Di
Desa Simamora lebih diperhatikan petani kecil, di tambahnya penyuluhan,
fasilitas dan sarana produksi dan teknologi untuk membantu menyediakan modal
dan mempermudah kelompok tani dalam meningkatkan hasil produksinya This study aims to determine the role of farmer groups in increasing shallot
production in Simamora Village, Baktiraja District and to find out what are the
obstacles faced by farmer groups in increasing shallot production in Simamora
Village, Baktiraja District. The research was carried out from January 2022 to
February 2022 in Simamora Village, Baktiraja District. The number of farmers
who were taken by simple random sampling as respondents was 40 people. Data
collection techniques through direct observation and interviews with respondents
using a list of questions and secondary data. The data analysis used was
descriptive analysis using a scoring system, namely giving a score to each
question item used to see the role of farmer groups. in Simamora Village,
Baktiraja District in 1. The role of farmer groups in increasing shallot production
in Simamora Village, Baktiraja District, has an effect on shallot production,
where the role of farmer groups from the 4 indicators is where the source of
information with a score of 316 is in the high category. The role of farmer groups
in providing facilities and equipment is categorized as moderate with a score of
284. Meanwhile, the role of the activity planning group is categorized as medium
with a score of 280. The role of farmer groups using technology with a score of
276 is categorized as moderate. 2. Production of shallot farming in farmer groups
in Simamora Village, Baktiraja District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency is a
production with an average of 4683.15 Kg/Ha. Per planting season Based on the
results of the research and conclusions, the suggestions related to the role of
farmer groups in increasing shallot production are 1. The Humbang Hasundutan
Government, especially in Simamora Village, pays more attention to small
farmers, adding counseling, facilities and production facilities and technology to
help provide capital and make it easier for farmer groups to increase their
productio
PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI DALAM MEMONITOR DAN MENCEGAH STUNTING
No full textStunting is a fairly serious public health problem,especially developing countries including Indonesia.Data from Indonesian Ministry of Health (2018) shows the prevalence stunting in Indonesia is 30.8%.Stunting is a condition when a child has height shorter than average height of children the same age. Stunting usually occurs in children who do not get enough nutrition during the first thousand days of their lives,namely from pregnancy to the age of 2 years.As many as 23% of babies are born with stunting conditions in NTT and the remaining 77% become stunted after birth or postnatal.In efforts to prevent stunting in infants,the role information technology can utilized to conduct surveillance and monitoring of infants' diet and health conditions such as morbidity,vitamin A consumption,additional food,immunization and neonatal visits can be obtained in real time.Objectives Reducing stunting rates in West Kupang District NTT.This activity expected to beneficial mothers who have babies less than 1 year old,in helping to prevent stunting their babies.This research also useful for health workers obtaining data on the practice Viding 1 year old babies,infections experienced by babies and the health facilities.The results of the data obtained there were 7 pregnant women with 3 of them included in the KEK category with an average of pregnant women weighing less than 50 kg,the irregular eating patterns of pregnant women,and also unhealthy lifestyle that always ignores eating on time during pregnancy.For dental health, pregnant women are categorized as quite good because their OHIS still relatively good.Conclusion The occurrence of LBW or stunting in West Kupang District is not due to lack of sufficient food supplies but is due to the lifestyle pregnant women who are lazy to eat because they are always disturbed by nausea and vomiting every day so that they decide not to eat,or eat only once a da
Patient Satisfaction with the National Health Insurance Scheme Dental Service in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara
No full textIntroduction: Patients with government insurance such as National Health Insurance Scheme (BPJS) use capitation system with low dental services payment. Patients should be treated professionally without considering payment system whether government or private insurance. Objective: The aim of this study is to know the satisfaction of the patients who visited dental treatment in BPJS facilities. Method: Data collected using structured questionnaire from Bhayangkara, W.Z Yohanes General Hospital, Public Health center in Kupang Kota and Pasir Panjang from June 1st – October 31st 2018. There were 46 samples from each hospital and 45 from each public health center. The study variables were patient satisfaction with dental health service accessibility, communication between patient, dentist, and staff, and safety and technology during the dental treatment. Result: Patients aged between 20 and 45 years old were the most common users of dental health services (59%). Patients with BPJS and Kartu Indonesia Sehat (KIS) insurance who paid by government were the most common patients to visit a dental health service facility (83.1%). Easy access to see the dentist was highly satisfying for 83.1% of the respondents. The BPJS patients were satisfied with the results of dental treatment (68.3%) and, concerning communication, 71.6% of the patients were satisfied with the dentist’s friendliness. Patients were quite satisfied with the ease of contacting the dentist (89.1%). Regarding instrument sterilization, 26.2% of the respondents were quite satisfied. On communication related to the dental treatment procedure, 23.5% of the respondents were quite satisfied. Regarding the technology in dental treatment, 30.6% of the respondents were quite satisfied. Conclusion: BPJS patients were satisfied with dental health services which most of them had a low educational background, were female, worked as a private employee or homemaker and were patients with governmental aid
PENCEGAHAN FISSURE SEALING PADA MASYARAKAT DI PESISIR PANTAI KELURAHAN OESAPA
No full textDental caries is a disease of hard tooth tissue that begins with decalcification of the inorganic structure of the teeth. The results of the 2018 Riskesdas show that the prevalence of the DMFT index in Indonesia has increased the DMF-T index to >6 from the 2013 Riskesdas results with a DMF-T index of 4.6 and increases with age. The results of the 2018 Riskesdas show that the prevalence of caries in Indonesia in 2018 reached 45.3%. Fissure sealant is a preventive protection for teeth that have deep pits and fissures which are therefore more susceptible to caries, by applying a filling material (sealants) to the occlusal surface which aims to prevent dental caries. Objective achieved from the Community Service activity is to reduce the number of dental caries by taking preventive measures Fissure sealing in children on the coast of Oesapa. The results of the data above show that from interviews with parents there are still those who give bottled milk when their children sleep so that in the results of the examination of children who have more than 5 teeth have caries so that there is a rampant caries in children. In this community service, it was also conveyed the importance of regulating the pattern of giving bottled milk to children, not when the child is sleeping and after giving milk, the child's mouth and teeth must be cleaned. The conclusion of prevention of fissure sealant in children at the integrated health post is that it needs done to prevent tooth decay, especially in children where this action taken to cover deep fissures in the teeth. This action is one way to prevent tooth decay. In this activity, counseling was also provided to brush teeth properly, foods that damage teeth and importance of routine checks at dental health facilities
PERANAN PERAWAT GIGI PUSKESMAS DALAM PERAWATAN GIGI SUSU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN TUMBUH KEMBANG ANAK
No full textThe physical and mental growth of a child is affected by the health of his teeth and mouth. A child with untreated dental caries can cause recurrent infections, bacteremia, mastication, and sleeplessness and can, in turn, interfere with child growth. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of early childhood caries promotion and prevention programs at Community Health Centers conducted by Dental Nurses managing community dental programs. The results showed that none of the respondents who conducted the program of promotion and prevention of caries in Posyandu on a regular basis and only 33 percent of respondents who undertook early promotional programs and prevention of early caries in infants incidentally. Parents of Infants and Teachers are not involved in early childhood caries promotion and prevention programs conducted by P. None of the referrals from early childhood/family visit to Puskesmas for advanced dental care. Toddler visits to Dental Police Puskesmas are dominated by Toddlers with cases of periodontal abscess and pulpitis. The conclusion of this research is Dental Nurses Dental health program managers do not have a program of promotion and early dental caries in Toddler. Public Health Service, Puskesmas and especially Dental Nurses Puskesmas managing dental health program community need to make and implement a program of promotion and prevention of early caries at baby at Posyandu and toddler in Posyandu, PAUD / TK involving parents and teachers
Effekt av mjölk och mjölkpulver på bentäthet hos friska postmenopausala kvinnor
No full textSammanfattning
Titel: Effekt av mjölk och mjölkpulver på bentäthet hos
friska postmenopausala kvinnor
Författare: Lina Johansson och Ebba Svensson
Handledare: Klara Sjögren
Examinator: Jenny van Odijk
Linje: Dietistprogrammet, 180/240 hp
Typ av arbete: Självständigt arbete i klinisk nutrition, 15 hp
Datum: 2020-04-02
Bakgrund: Osteoporos är ett globalt hälsoproblem som uppskattningsvis leder till 200
miljoner frakturer per år. I Sverige sker omkring 70 000 frakturer årligen som bidrar till
försämrad livskvalitet, ökad risk för död samt stora kostnader för sjukvården. Sjukdomen
drabbar främst kvinnor efter menopaus samt äldre, då dessa perioder innebär att det finns en
obalans mellan nedbrytning och uppbyggnad av skelettet. Det finns belägg för att kalcium och
vitamin D är viktiga näringsämnen för benhälsan och då dessa finns att hitta i mjölk verkar
det kunna ha en positiv effekt på benhälsan.
Syfte: Syftet med denna systematiska översiktsartikel var att undersöka det vetenskapliga
underlaget för om mjölk eller mjölkpulver kan minska förlusterna i benmassa hos friska
postmenopausala kvinnor.
Sökväg: En systematisk litteratursökning gjordes i databaserna Pubmed och Scopus.
Sökorden var ”osteoporosis”, ”bone disease, metabolic”, ”bone density”, ”milk”, ”diary
products”, ”middle aged”, “random” och “blind”.
Urvalskriterier: Inklusionskriterier var randomiserade kontrollerade humanstudier skrivna på
svenska eller engelska. Andra inklusionskriterier var mjölk med max 1% fettinnehåll i
interventionsgruppen och att studien skulle pågått i minst ett år. Dessutom inkluderades
studier som mätt bentäthet med hjälp av DXA. Exklusionskriterier var studier där mjölk
kombinerades med livsstilsintervention eller med andra mejeriprodukter. Utöver detta
exkluderades artiklar som studerat tillskott samt används CACE som statistisk analysmodell.
Datainsamling och analys: I de slutgiltiga sökningarna exkluderades primärt artiklar baserat
på titel, därefter utifrån abstrakts baserat på inklusions- och exklusionskriterier. Detta
resulterade i att tio artiklar lästes i fulltext där sedan tre artiklar kvalitetsgranskades enligt
Statens Beredning för Medicinsk och Social Utvärderings (SBU) mall. Evidensgradering
gjordes därefter med hjälp av SBU:s mall för GRADE.
Resultat: Tre studier granskades och resulterade i en med låg och två med medelhög
studiekvalitet. Totalt ingick 473 kvinnor i studierna som alla pågick i minst ett år. Två av
3
studierna använde 50 gram mjölkpulver per dag (800 respektive 1200 mg kalcium samt sex
respektive tio g vitamin D) som intervention medan den tredje studien använde tre liter
mjölk per vecka (1600 mg kalcium per liter). Utöver kalcium och vitamin D varierade
näringsinnehållet med olika mineraler i skiftande mängd. Ingen av studierna använde placebo
i kontrollgruppen. Två av tre studier visar signifikanta värden för minskade förluster av
benmassa i ländrygg, medan en av två studier visar signifikanta värden för höft. Vid
evidensgradering nedgraderades dock den vetenskapliga evidensen baserat på rapporteringsoch
behandlingsbias.
Slutsats: Det finns låg (++) vetenskaplig evidens för att mjölk och mjölkpulver kan minska
förlust av benmassa hos postmenopausala kvinnor.
Nyckelord: postmenopausala, mjölk, osteoporos
4
Sahlgrenska Academy
at University of Gothenburg
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition
Abstract
Title: The Effect of Milk and Milk powder on Bone Density in Healthy
Postmenopausal Women
Author: Lina Johansson and Ebba Svensson
Supervisor: Klara Sjögren
Examiner: Jenny van Odijk
Programme: Programme in dietetics, 180/240 ECTS
Type of paper: Bachelor’s thesis in clinical nutrition, 15 higher education credits
Date: April 2nd, 2020
Background: Osteoporosis is a global health issue leading to approximately 200 million
fractures each year. Around 70 000 fractures occur in Sweden annually, which leads to
impaired quality of life, increased risk of death and major costs in health care. Women after
menopaus and elderly are more affected since these periods of life implicate an unbalance
between bone resorption and bone formation. There is evidence for calcium and vitamin D
having positive effect on bone density, and since milk contains these nutrients it may have a
favourable outcome on bone density.
Objective: The objective of this systematic review was to examine the scientific evidence
regarding if milk or milk powder can reduce the bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women.
Search strategy: A systematic literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed and
Scopus. Keywords were ”osteoporosis”, ”bone disease, metabolic”, ”bone density”, ”milk”,
”diary products”, ”middle aged”, random” and blind”.
Selection criteria: Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials in humans, written in
Swedish or English and a minimum length of one year. Other criteria were skimmed milk in
the intervention group and that bone density was measured by DXA. Exclusion criteria were
studies where milk was combined with lifestyle interventions or with other dairy products. In
addition, studies with supplement or using CACE as a statistic model of analysis were
excluded.
Data collection and analysis: In the final searches were articles primarily excluded based on
titles, and then on abstracts based on our criteria. Ten articles were read in full and the quality
of three of them were assessed according to Assessment of Social Services´s (SBU) template
for randomized controlled trials. Grading of evidence was accomplished using SBU´s
template for GRADE.
Main results: The quality of the three studies were identified as one low and two medium
high. In total 473 women were included in the studies which lasted minimum one year. Two
of the studies used 50 grams of milk powder per day as the intervention (800 mg calcium, 6
5
g vitamin D and 1200 mg calcium, 10 g vitamin D, respectively) while the third study used
three liters of milk per week (1600 mg calcium per liter). None of the studies gave placebo to
the control group. Two of three studies showed significant results for reduced losses of bone
mass in spine, while one of two studies showed significant results for hip. When Grading the
scientific evidence, the studies were downgraded based on reporting bias and performance
bias.
Conclusions: There is low scientific evidence (++) that milk and milk powder can reduce the
bone loss in postmenopausal women.
Keywords: postmenopausal, milk, osteoporosi
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Masyarakat Mengunjungi Fasilitas Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut
No full textFaktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah faktor sosio-ekonomi. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Metode Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif untuk menyajikan gambaran lengkap mengenai kehidupan sosial masyarakat yang berkenan dengan masalah yang akan diteliti dengan sampel 105 orang. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan cara mengirimkan kuesioner melalui media sosial Whatsapp. Hasil Responden yang mengsisi kuesioner pada penelitian ini sebanyak 105. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat yang mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut didominasi oleh perempuan (71,4%), usia 20-60 tahun (52,3%), status pekerjaan PNS (36,1,%), dengan pendidikan terakhir S1 (34,2%), dan berpenghasilan dibawah tiga juta rupiah (50,4%). Faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat tidak mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah faktor sosio-ekonomi (57,5%) dan faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat sering mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah sikap ramah dan sopan (90%). Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian yaitu faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut secara rutin adalah faktor sosio-ekonomi. Saran dari penelitian bagi petugas kesehatan yaitu mempromosikan kepada masyarakat mengenai penggunaan BPJS untuk pengobatan penyakit gigi dan mulut serta saran bagi masyarakat yaitu berkunjung ke fasilitas kesehatan gigi selama 6 bulan sekali.Faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah faktor sosio-ekonomi. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Metode Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif untuk menyajikan gambaran lengkap mengenai kehidupan sosial masyarakat yang berkenan dengan masalah yang akan diteliti dengan sampel 105 orang. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan cara mengirimkan kuesioner melalui media sosial Whatsapp. Hasil Responden yang mengsisi kuesioner pada penelitian ini sebanyak 105. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat yang mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut didominasi oleh perempuan (71,4%), usia 20-60 tahun (52,3%), status pekerjaan PNS (36,1,%), dengan pendidikan terakhir S1 (34,2%), dan berpenghasilan dibawah tiga juta rupiah (50,4%). Faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat tidak mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah faktor sosio-ekonomi (57,5%) dan faktor yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat sering mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut adalah sikap ramah dan sopan (90%). Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian yaitu faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi keputusan masyarakat mengunjungi fasilitas kesehatan gigi dan mulut secara rutin adalah faktor sosio-ekonomi. Saran dari penelitian bagi petugas kesehatan yaitu mempromosikan kepada masyarakat mengenai penggunaan BPJS untuk pengobatan penyakit gigi dan mulut serta saran bagi masyarakat yaitu berkunjung ke fasilitas kesehatan gigi selama 6 bulan sekali
Vitamin D supplementation has no effect on HDL and LDL in postmenopausal women - a systematic review
No full textTitle: Vitamin D supplementation has no effect on HDL and LDL in postmenopausal
women - a systematic review
Author: Matilda Grynge and Rebecka Metz
Supervisor: Frode Slinde
Examiner: Helen Lindqvist
Programme: Programme in dietetics, 180/240 ECTS
Type of paper: Bachelor’s thesis in clinical nutrition, 15 hp
Date: April 7, 2016
Background: Postmenopausal women have a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease
compared to before undergoing menopause. Dyslipidemia, which among other things can be
characterized by high levels of LDL and low levels of HDL, is a risk factor for developing
cardiovascular disease. Low levels of 25(OH)D have been associated with increased risk of both
morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease.
Objective: The aim is to investigate whether there is enough scientific evidence to recommend
vitamin D supplementation for improving serum HDL and LDL in postmenopausal women and thus
reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Search strategy: Two systematic searches in PubMed and Scopus were conducted. The keywords
used was "vitamin D supplementation”, "cholecalciferol", "D3", "ergocalciferols", "1α -
hydroxyvitamin D", "Vitamin D", "alfacalcidol", "D2", "1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D","1 -alphahydroxycholecalciferol
D", "lipids", "cholesterol", "postmenopaus*” and "menopausal ". In Scopus,
the keywords "RCT", "randomized controlled trial", "human", "women" and "supplement" were also
added.
Selection criteria: The searches were limited to RCT:s in healthy postmenopausal women,
comparing the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on serum HDL and LDL compared to a control
group.
Data collection and analysis: The quality of the selected articles was assessed using the GRADE
system Form for quality review of randomized trials, produced by SBU. The compiled evidence was
then assessed with the help of the University of Gothenburg's summary of evidence form,
Foundation for the compiled evidence according to GRADE.
Main results: Three RCT:s with 320, 489 and 305 postmenopausal women has been reviewed. The
shortest study duration was twelve months, and the other two studies lasted 36 months. None of the
three studies could demonstrate any effect of supplementation with vitamin D on HDL or LDL.
Conclusions: There is high evidence (++++) that supplementation with vitamin D does not have an
effect on serum levels of HDL cholesterol or LDL cholesterol in healthy postmenopausal women.
Keywords: lipoprotein, HDL, LDL, cardiovascular disease, postmenopausal, vitamin D,
supplementationTitel: Vitamin D-supplementering har ingen effekt på HDL och LDL hos
postmenopausala kvinnor - en systematisk översiktsartikel
Författare: Matilda Grynge och Rebecka Metz
Handledare: Frode Slinde
Examinator: Helen Lindqvist
Linje: Dietistprogrammet, 180/240 hp
Typ av arbete: Självständigt arbete i klinisk nutrition, 15 hp
Datum: 2016-04-07
Bakgrund: Kvinnor som har genomgått menopaus har en markant ökad risk att drabbas av hjärtkärlsjukdom
jämfört med innan genomgången menopaus. Dyslipidemi, som bland annat kan
karaktäriseras av höga nivåer av LDL respektive låga nivåer av HDL, är en riskfaktor för att utveckla
hjärt- kärlsjukdom. Låga nivåer av 25(OH)D har sammankopplats med ökad risk för både sjuklighet
och dödlighet i hjärt-kärlsjukdom.
Syfte: Syftet är att undersöka om det finns tillräckligt med vetenskapligt underlag för att kunna
rekommendera supplementering med vitamin D för att förbättra serumnivåer av HDL- respektive
LDL-kolesterol hos postmenopausala kvinnor och på så vis minska risken för hjärt-kärlsjukdom.
Sökväg: Två systematiska sökningar i databaserna Pubmed och Scopus genomfördes. De sökord som
användes var "vitamin D supplementation", “cholecalciferol”, “D3”, “ergocalciferols”, “1α-
hydroxyvitamin D”, “vitamin D”, “alfacalcidol”, ”D2”, ”1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D”, ”1-alphahydroxycholecalciferol
D”, ”lipids”, ”cholesterol”, ”postmenopaus*” och ”menopaus”. I Scopus
lades även”RCT”, ”randomized controlled trial”, ”human”, ”women” och ”supplement” till.
Urvalskriterier: Sökningarna var begränsade till RCT studier på friska postmenopausala kvinnor där
effekten av vitamin D-supplementering på HDL respektive LDL har jämförts med en kontroll.
Datainsamling och analys: De utvalda artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades med hjälp av GRADE-systemet
med SBU:s Mall för kvalitetsgranskning av randomiserade studier. Evidensen sammanvägdes sedan
med hjälp av Göteborgs universitets sammanfattande evidensformulär, Underlag för sammanvägd
bedömning enligt GRADE.
Resultat: Tre RCT-studier med 320, 489 respektive 305 postmenopausala kvinnor har granskats. En
av studierna pågick i tolv månader och de övriga två studierna pågick i 36 månader. Ingen av de tre
studierna kunde påvisa någon effekt av supplementering med vitamin D på HDL eller LDL.
Slutsats: Det finns hög evidens (++++) för att supplementering med vitamin D inte påverkar
serumnivåer av varken HDL- eller LDL-kolesterol hos friska postmenopausala kvinnor.
Keywords: lipoprotein, HDL, LDL, hjärt-kärlsjukdom, postmenopausal, vitamin D, supplementerin
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PANCA (PAPAN BACA) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PADA PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS 1 SDN 10 KOTO BARU
No full textThis research is motivated by the limited learning media and teachers in the process of teaching reading have not used media that is interesting for students at SDN 10 Koto Baru. Even though learning resources that use media are really needed to support teaching and learning activities so that learning objectives can be achieved. The aim of this research is to produce panca media (reading boards) to improve reading skill in class 1 indonesian language learning at SDN 10 Koto Baru that is valid, practical and effective for use in learning in class 1 elementary school. The research method used in this research in the Research and Development (R&D) method. In this research, the author only conducted research or simple research that focused on development. The model used is the ADDIE model which consists of 5 stages. Namely analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation. The results of the five media validation (reading boards) were assessed by six expert validators, namely the material validation results were 0.88% with the valid category, the design validation results were 0.86% with the valid category. Based on the material and design results, the average score was 0.87% with the valid category. . The results of the validation of the teaching module were assessed by three expert validators, namely the validation results of content suitability were 0.87% in the valid category, the construction validation results were 0.85% in the valid category, the language competency validation results were 0.85% in the valid category. Based on the results of content feasibility, construction and language competency, the average score was 0.86% in the valid category. The results of the teacher response questionnaire data analysis, which was assessed by one teacher, obtained an average of 97.5% in the very practical category. Based on the results of the trial, student responses reached 93.62% in the very practical category. The results of the effectiveness of the learning assessment for class 1 students obtained an average of 87.5% in the very effective category
Vitamin D supplementation and its effect on body composition in the overweight and obese – a systematic review
No full textSahlgrenska Academy
at University of Gothenburg
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition
Abstract
Title: Vitamin D supplementation and its effect on body composition in the overweight
and obese – a systematic review
Author: Johanna Blum and Emma Sellin Frimodig
Supervisor: Sofia Klingberg
Examiner: Ingrid Larsson
Programme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTS
Type of paper: Examination paper, 15 hp
Date: April 10, 2013
Background: There is an increasing burden of overweight and obesity worldwide. The
conditions lead to morbidity and lowered quality of life. Since there is research showing a
connection between obesity and low levels of serum 25(OH)D, this raises the question if
supplementation of vitamin D may have positive effects on body weight, waist circumference and
body composition in the overweight and obese.
Objective: To investigate if there is enough scientific evidence to recommend vitamin D
supplementation combined with nutrition therapy to overweight and obese patients.
Search strategy: The systematic collection of data was performed in the databases PubMed and
Scopus. Search terms included were ”vitamin D supplementation”, ”obesity” ”cohort”, ”vitamin D”,
”vitamin D3 supplementation” and ”overweight”.
Selection criteria: Human studies with RCT, CCT or cohort design written in English or
Swedish were included. The participants had to be over 18 years old, have a BMI>25 kg/m2 and
be generally healthy. Studies lasting less than 12 weeks were excluded.
Data collection and analysis: After the data collection the quality of the selected studies was
analysed using Granskningsmall för randomiserade studier and Granskningsmall för observationsstudier och
ickerandomiserade kontrollerade studier, both published by the SBU. The outcome measures of the
studies were thereafter evaluated according to GRADE using Sammanfattande evidensformulär from
the university of Gothenburg.
Main results: Six studies of RCT design were included in this systematic review. Summarized
they showed strong scientific evidence that vitamin D supplementation raises the levels of
25(OH)D, moderate scientific evidence that vitamin D supplementation reduces visceral fat mass
and limited scientific evidence that supplementation reduces body fat mass. There was also
strong scientific evidence that vitamin D supplementation does not have a reducing effect on
body weight, BMI or waist circumference.
Conclusions: There are indications that a recommendation of vitamin D supplementation to
overweight and obese patients reduces visceral fat mass and possibly total fat mass. Vitamin Dsupplementation
does not have a reducing effect on body weight, BMI or waist circumference.Sahlgrenska Akademin
vid Göteborgs universitet
Avdelningen för invärtesmedicin och klinisk nutrition
Sammanfattning
Titel: D-vitaminsupplementering och dess effekt på kroppssammansättning hos
överviktiga och obesa – en systematisk översiktsartikel
Författare: Johanna Blum och Emma Sellin Frimodig
Handledare: Sofia Klingberg
Examinator: Ingrid Larsson
Linje: Dietistprogrammet, 180/240 hp
Typ av arbete: Examensarbete, 15 hp
Datum: 2013-04-10
Bakgrund: Övervikt och fetma är ett stort problem internationellt och leder till en ökad risk för
sjuklighet och försämrad livskvalitet. Eftersom forskning visar att det finns ett samband mellan
fetma och låga serumnivåer av 25(OH)D väcker detta frågan om supplementering med vitamin D
kan ha gynnsamma effekter på kroppsvikt, midjeomfång och kroppssammansättning vid övervikt
och fetma.
Syfte: Att undersöka om det finns vetenskapligt underlag för att rekommendera Dvitaminsupplementering
vid kostbehandling av övervikt och fetma.
Sökväg: Den systematiska sökningen av artiklar genomfördes i databaserna PubMed och Scopus.
Sökord som användes var ”vitamin D supplementation”, ”obesity” ”cohort”, ”vitamin D”, ”vitamin D3
supplementation” och ”overweight”.
Urvalskriterier: Inklusionskriterier var artiklar skrivna på engelska eller svenska, utförda på
människor och av RCT-, CCT- eller kohorttyp med studiedeltagare över 18 år, ett BMI över 25
kg/m2 och i övrigt friska. Studier kortare än tolv veckor exkluderades.
Datainsamling och analys: Efter urvalet av artiklar kvalitetsgranskades de med hjälp av SBU:s
Granskningsmall för randomiserade studier och Granskningsmall för observationsstudier och ickerandomiserade
kontrollerade studier. Sedan summerades evidensen för varje effektmått enligt GRADE med hjälp
av Göteborgs universitets Sammanfattande Evidensformulär.
Resultat: Som grund för denna översiktsartikel har sex RCT-studier granskats. Sammantaget gav
de starkt vetenskapligt underlag för att D-vitaminsupplementering ger en höjning av 25(OH)D i
serum, måttligt starkt vetenskapligt underlag för att vitamin D-supplementering har en
reducerande effekt på visceralt fett samt begränsat vetenskapligt underlag för att supplementering
reducerar fettmassa. Vidare fanns ett starkt vetenskapligt underlag för att Dvitaminsupplementering
inte har någon reducerande effekt på vikt, BMI och midjeomfång.
Slutsats: Det finns indikationer för att en rekommendation av vitamin D-supplementering till
överviktiga och obesa reducerar visceralt fett och eventuellt även total fettmassa. Vitamin Dsupplementering
har ingen reducerande effekt på vikt, BMI och midjeomfång
