1,720,965 research outputs found
DIGITAL HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTION: LEGAL TRANSPLANTATION STRATEGIES TO REALIZE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA’S DIGITALIZATION ERA
Get PDFThe advancement of information and communication technology brings great benefits to society, such as ease of communication and access to public services. However, technology also threatens human rights, including privacy and freedom of expression. This study aims to analyze the legal strategies of other countries to protect digital human rights that can be applied in Indonesia, as well as formulate policies to improve this protection through legal transplantation and support sustainable development goals. The method is normative legal research, with data from related laws and policies. The results of this study indicate that the adoption of rules is a potential strategy to improve the security of digital human rights in Indonesia and provide greater control over the personal data of individuals. The implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in Indonesia is considered important to align personal data protection with international standards, improve the country's reputation, and facilitate international cooperation. With clear regulations, public trust in digital services will increase, because people feel safer and more protected from misuse of personal data. This stricter legal framework helps create a safer and more inclusive digital environment so that all levels of society can actively participate in the digital economy
Raison d'Etre Reconstruction of the Position of the Presidential Regulation in the Regulatory Hierarchy Indonesian Legislation
Get PDFThis study focuses on the issue of the position of the Presidential Regulation in the hierarchy of constitution and regulations by presenting the idea of limiting executive power in the formation of a Presidential Regulation that regulates the fulfillment of legal needs that have a broad impact on people's lives. In reviewing the intended purpose, the researcher uses a normative legal research method that is supported by a statutory approach, a historical approach, and a conceptual approach. This method is used to search for answers to the problem formulation by analyzing it. Based on the research results, it is necessary to reconstruct the existence of a Presidential Regulation in the hierarchy of constitution and regulations because it has the potential to be used as a tool for abuse of power. This is marked by the dualism between Presidential Regulations, and Government Regulations, which create confusion in the field of formation of constitution and regulations, as well as the process of forming Presidential Regulations which is shorter and easier when compared to other types of legislation in the hierarchy of constitution and regulations. Because the process of forming a Presidential Regulation deviates from the regulation regarding the formation of legislation in accordance with the constitution, so that causing hyper-regulation
Evaluasi Sistem Hukum Indonesia dalam Menangani Cyberbullying Berbasis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi
Get PDFPenelitian ini mengkaji tentang Evaluasi sistem hukum Indonesia dalam menangani cyberbullying berbasis teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis sistem hukum di Indonesia menangani permasalahan cyberbullying serta menganalisis evaluasi terhadap kinerja sistem hukum dalam menangani cyberbullying berbasis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem hukum belum efektif dalam menangani terjadinya kasus cyberbullying di Indonesia, sehingga perlu dilakukan evaluasi secara berkala agar dapat menangani cyberbullying efektif untuk kedepannya. Adapun dari hasil evaluasi ditemukan bahwa struktur hukum menghadapi hambatan terutama dalam menjalankan operasi di dunia maya. Hal tersebut disebabkan terbatasnya sistem yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan patroli di dunia maya. Sehingga kedepannya penting untuk dipertimbangkan penggunaan techno prevention dalam mencegah terjadinya cyberbullying di Indonesia, sebab jika dalam menangani cyberbullying hanya terfokuskan pada penggunaan hukum pidana saja tidak akan efektif mengingat hukum pidana bersifat post factum sedangkan model dari cyberbullying kedepannya akan semakin bervariasi seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi itu sendiri
Improving Student Achievement with Smart Sheets Media in Islamic Cultural History Lesson at the Elevent Grade Students of Mtsn Tarusan
Get PDFTo be able to learn something well, we need to hear, see, ask questions about it, and discuss it with others. Not only that, teachers need to "do", which describe something in their own way, showing for example, tried to practice skills and tasks that require p What Knowledge they have earned. Problems to be studied in this research are: a) How improve learning outcomes Islamic cultural history through smart method in class XI sheets MTsN Tarusan in July 2016? b) The steps made in improving the learning outcomes of students of Islamic cultural history? This research is a Class Action Research (PTK), as for the steps to be performed in this PTK model developed by Kurt Lewin as mentioned in Dikdasmen (2003: 18) that the stages or so-called cycle (round) consists of four components which cover : (A) planning, (b) action / acting, (c) observation, (d) reflection. Based on The results of learning activities that have been conducted during the study, and based on all the discussion and analysis that has been done can be summed up as follows: Learning with smart method sheets in Islamic cultural history lesson positively in improving student achievement that is marked by a mastery learning students in learning, namely (97.29%). Application of the method school library media on learning history of Islam have a positive effect, which can increase students' motivation is indicated by an average of 8 0 and from interviews stating that students are interested and interested deng a n cooperative methods Learning the history of Islamic culture so that they become motivated to learn
Ekosida Sebagai Kejahatan Internasional Dibawah Yurisdiksi International Criminal Court: Dialektika Antara Ekosentrisme dan Antroposentrisme
Get PDFABSTRAKUsulan ekosida sebagai kejahatan kelima International Criminal Court (ICC) memunculkan banyak perdebatan, salah satunya berkaitan dengan sifat ekosentris dari ekosida dan antroposentris kejahatan internasional dalam yurisdiksi ICC. Artikel ini secara sistematis membahas dua masalah pokok, yaitu bagaimana pengaruh pandangan ekosentrisme dan antroposentrisme atas ekosida dalam hukum internasional dan khususnya ICC; dan apa yang menjadi tantangan dan peluang amandemen Statuta Roma atas kejahatan ekosida mempertimbangkan sistem dan praktek ICC cenderung bersifat antroposentris. Dalam rangka menjawab masalah tersebut, penulis menggunakan pendekatan pragma-dialectical dimana argumentasi hukum sebagai bagian dari diskusi yang kritis dari dua sudut pandang yang berbeda, dalam konteks ini adalah antroposentrisme dan ekosentrisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pandangan antroposentris masih mendominasi dalam pembentukan norma hukum internasional, termasuk dalam sistem peradilan pidana internasional. Hal demikian bertolakbelakang dengan usulan kejahatan ekosida yang bersifat antroposentris dimana kerusakan lingkungan skala meluas, berjangka panjang dan serius menjadikannya kejahatan internasional, tanpa harus manusia harus menderita bahaya dulu akibat kerusakan lingkungan tersebut. Usulan perumusan ekosida sebagai kejahatan internasional dapat dilakukan dengan mengambil jalan tengah yaitu menyeimbangkan antara antroposentris dan ekosentris melalui pandangan polisentris. Namun demikian, terdapat tantangan amendemen Statuta Roma karena adanya perbedaan kepentingan dan pandangan politik masing-masing negara anggota. Namun demikian, meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat internasional atas lingkungan dan upaya tuntutan kasus-kasus lingkungan oleh NGO dan organisasi lingkungan di negara-negara serta diaturnya amandemen pada Pasal 121 Statuta Roma tetep menjadi peluang yang baik suatu saat ekosida dapat menjadi kejahatan internasional kelima di bawah yurisdiksi ICC.Kata kunci: ekosida; hukum pidana internasional; kejahatan internasional; statuta roma.ABSTRACTThe proposal of ecocide as the fifth crime under the jurisdiction of the ICC has sparked debate, particularly regarding the ecocentric nature of ecocide versus the anthropocentric focus of existing international crimes within the ICC. This article examines two key issues: how ecocentrism and anthropocentrism influence the international norms and practices of the ICC related to ecocide; and what challenges and opportunities are associated with amending the Rome Statute to include ecocide as an international crime, given the inherently anthropocentric tendencies of ICC systems. To address these questions, the author employs a pragmatic-dialectical approach, engaging in a critical discussion that juxtaposes the perspectives of anthropocentrism and ecocentrism. The findings of the study indicate that anthropocentric views continue to dominate the development of international legal norms, including those within the realm of the international criminal justice system. This stands in contrast to ecocide, which has an ecocentric view. The formulation of ecocide as an international crime could be achieved through a balanced approach that integrates both anthropocentric and ecocentric perspectives, adopting a polycentric view. However, the challenge of amending the Rome Statute lies in the diverse interests and political viewpoints of member states. The increasing global awareness of environmental issues, prosecution of ecocide at the national level, and the regulatory framework for amending Article 121 of the Rome Statute present a promising opportunity for ecocide to be recognized as the fifth international crime under the ICC's jurisdiction.Keywords: ecocide; international criminal law; international crime; rome statute
HAK AKSES ATAS ENERGI BERSIH DAN TERJANGKAU SEBAGAI BENTUK PEMENUHAN HAK ATAS TEMPAT TINGGAL YANG LAYAK
Get PDFAccess to clean and affordable energy has become a persistent problem faced by countries worldwide. The peak increase in oil prices experienced in a few decades has made it difficult for the low incomes to access clean energy. At present, many people in rural areas still use wood as fuel for cooking. Indoor wood-burning activities might cause air pollution and triggers respiratory problems. Employing a conceptual approach, this article examines the debate on the concept of moral and legal right of the right to clean and affordable energy under international law. Moreover, it analyses the correlation and the importance of such right for the fulfilment of the right to adequate housing and how states adhere to it. The research finds that there is yet any legal instruments directly recognising the right to clean and affordable energy. Nevertheless, there is plenty recognition of the importance of energy as vital element for fulfilling other human rights, such as the right to adequate housing. It is found that states have recognised the utmost influence of energy on achieving economic and social goals. However, current state practices heavily depend on soft law and show their commitment to facilitate and fulfil the moral right to clean and affordable energy. Integrating human rights principles, norms, and standards into legal rights and policies on energy development plan are indeed crucial. Such integration will enable the recognition of energy as an entitlement, which will place energy as a precondition that must be provided as essential services to enable adequate life of inhabitants
Justifikasi Doktrin Responsibility to Protect (Rtop) Dalam Bingkai Ilmu Hukum Berparadigma Pancasila
No full textThis article explores the nature of responsibility to protect (RtoP), whether it contends with state sovereignty and non intervention principles. This article also examines the RtoP justification based on jurisprudence with Pancasila paradigm that is Indonesia special jurisprudence grounded in Pancasilavalues. The emerging of this doctrine has re-interpreted state sovereignty and non intervention principles. The concept of state sovereignty is not absolute anymore. It further argues that the jurisprudence with Pancasila paradigm gives justification for RtoP because the purposes of this doctrine are to givevirtue and substantive justice according to Pancasila values, especially inthe second principle that is justice and civilized humanity.Artikel ini mengeksplor hakikat doktrin responsibility to protect (RtoP), apakah doktrin ini bertentangan dengan prinsip kedaulatan negara dan non intervensi tidak. Artikel ini juga mengkaji justifikasi doktrinRtoP jika dilihat berdasarkan perspektif ilmu hukum berparadigma Pancasila, yaitu ilmu hukum khas Indonesia yang mendasarkan pada nilai-nilai Pancasila untuk memperoleh keadilan substansial.Kemunculan doktrin RtoP ini telah menginterpretasi ulang makna prinsip kedaulatan negara dan non intervensi. Prinsip kedaulatan negara bukan lagi sesuatu yang absolut. Ilmu hukum berparadigma Pancasila memberikan justifikasi pelaksanaan prinsip RtoP karena tujuannya untuk memberikan kebenaran dan keadilan dalam keridhoan Illahi berdasar nilai-nilai Pancasila, yaitu khususnya sila Kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab
Signifikansi Ekosida sebagai Kejahatan Internasional di bawah Yurisdiksi Mahkamah Pidana Internasional
Get PDFPada 1 dekade terakhir, terdapat wacana untuk memasukkan ekosida di bawah yurisdiksi Statuta Roma Tahun 1998 tentang Mahkamah Pidana Internasional sebagai kejahatan internasional. Hal ini didorong oleh kerusakan lingkungan yang semakin parah hingga menyebabkan hancurnya ekosistem, risiko kesehatan terhadap makhluk hidup, serta meningkatnya bahaya dan frekuensi bencana alam. Terdapat pro dan kontra selama diskusi wacana menjadikan ekosida sebuah kejahatan internasional. Beberapa kelompok mendukung secara penuh untuk segera menjadikan ekosida sebuah kejahatan internasional, ada pula beberapa kelompok yang menolak dengan alasan ketidakcocokan karakter ekosida dengan unsur-unsur kejahatan internasional. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mengapa ekosida harus menjadi kejahatan internasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan 3 jenis pendekatan yakni pendekatan regulasi, pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan kasus. Adapun bahan hukum yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder dalam ruang lingkup hukum internasional. Penulis berpandangan terdapat 3 alasan mengapa ekosida harus masuk sebagai kejahatan internasional di bawah yurisdiksi Mahkamah Pidana Internasional. Ketiga hal tersebut antara lain (1) ekosida memenuhi unsur-unsur kejahatan internasional; (2) ekosida merupakan bagian dari asas common concern of humankind yang menjadi dasar dapat diadakannya yurisdiksi universal terhadap kejahatan ekosida; dan (3) tindakan yang menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan kerap kali tidak ditanggapi tegas oleh pemerintah negara
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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