3,006 research outputs found
R codes for eight nonlinear temperature-dependent models for microbial growth
No full textEight mathematical models were scripted, reparametrized and fitted with germination and growth datasets of several entomopathogenic fungi collected over a wide range of temperature. The fitted models quantitatively predicted the thermal biology of the fungi. These models encompassed at least four biologically meaningful parameters which are thermal thresholds (minimum temperature, optimum temperature, maximum temperature and maximal growth rate). The models include the cardinal model with inflection, Lactin 1, Briere 1, Briere 2, Ratkowsky 2, Ratkowsky 3, Van Der Heide and generalized beta function. These models are compared for goodness-of-fit using AIC and pseudo R-squared in the rcompanion package. Best models were selected using likelihood ratio test using the nonnest2 package
Modeling temperature-dependent development and demography of Adalia decempunctata L.(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) reared on Aphis gossypii (Glover) (Homoptera: Aphididae)
No full textDevelopment and demography of Adalia decempunctata L. were studied under laboratory conditions at seven constant temperatures (12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32 and 36°C). First instar larvae failed to develop to second instar at 12°С and no development occurred at 36°C. The total developmental time varied from 47.92 days at 16°C to 15.94 days at 28°C and increased at 32°C. The lower temperature thresholds of 11.05 and 9.90°C, and thermal constants of 290.84 day-degree and 326.34 day-degree were estimated by traditional and Ikemoto- Takai linear models, respectively. The lower temperature threshold (Tmin) values estimated by Analytis, Briere-1, Briere-2 and Lactin-2 for total immature stages were 11.99, 12.24, 10.30 and 10.8°C, respectively. The estimated fastest developmental temperatures (Tfast) by the Analytis, Briere-1, Briere-2 and Lactin-2 for overall immature stages development of A. decempunctata were 31.5, 31.1, 30.7 and 31.7°C, respectively. Analytis, Briere-1, Briere-2 and Lactin-2 measured the upper temperature threshold (Tmax) at 33.14, 36.65, 32.75 and 32.61°C. The age-stage specific survival rate (sxj) curves clearly depicted the highest and lowest survival rates at 16 and 32°C for males and females. The age-specific fecundity (mx) curves revealed higher fecundity rate when fed A. gossypii at 24 and 28°C. The highest and lowest values of intrinsic rate of increase (r) were observed at 28 and 16°C (0.1945 d–1 and 0.0592 d–1, respectively). Also, the trend of changes in the finite rate of increase (λ) was analogous with intrinsic rate of increase. The longest and shortest mean generation time (T) was observed at 16 and 28°C, respectively and the highest net reproductive rates (R0) was estimated at 24 and 28°C. According to the results, the most suitable temperature seems to be 28°C due to the shortest developmental time, highest survival rate, and highest intrinsic rate of increase
Predicting the fundamental thermal niche of crop pests and diseases in a changing world: a case study on citrus greening: R code
No full text<p>This is code created by Rachel A Taylor, Leah R Johnson and Sadie J Ryan for the paper "Predicting the fundamental thermal niche of crop pests and diseases in a changing world: a case study on citrus greening"<br>
by Rachel A. Taylor, Sadie J. Ryan, Catherine A. Lippi, David G. Hall, Hossein A. Narouei-Khandan, Jason R. Rohr, and Leah R. Johnson</p>
<p>The code can be used to do Bayesian inference to determine the temperature response of various parameters to laboratory data estimating the rate at different temperatures. Each parameter is then fed into an equation for R0 (the basic reproductive ratio) to determine the fundamental thermal suitability of citrus greening at different temperatures. The R0 values at different temperatures is then fed into code to compute a raster map of the data across the world.</p>
<p>Each of the files labelled Bayes_X.R where X is one of the parameter names, runs the Bayesian analysis in R using Jags for each parameter X. It loads the data for the parameter and then runs two JAGS models - assuming a quadratic equation or a Briere equation for the temperature response. Each of the JAGS models are labelled as Briere_VagueX.R or Quadratic_VagueX.R where X is a parameter name. PlottingPosteriors.R can be used to plot the resulting results.The data is fed into R0analysis_finerscale.R. This code computes R0 using the data and also computes the sensitivity analysis for the paper. The files mcmc_utils.R, temp_deriv_functions.R and temp_functions.R contain functions needed for each of the above files. CitrusMapping.R can be used to map the transmission the results of the R0 analysis of citrus greening at a pixel level around the world.</p>
New determination of the D0→K -π +π0 and D0→K -π +π +π - coherence factors and average strong-phase d
No full textMeasurements of the coherence factors (RKππ0 and R K3π) and the average strong-phase differences (δDKππ0 and δDK3π) for the decays D0→K -π +π0 and D0→K -π +π +π - are presented. These parameters are important inputs to the determination of the unitarity triangle angle γ in B ∓→DK ∓ decays, where D designates a D0 or D-0 meson decaying to a common final state. The measurements are made using quantum correlated DD- decays collected by the CLEO-c experiment at the ψ(3770) resonance, and augment a previously published analysis by the inclusion of new events in which the signal decay is tagged by the mode D→KS0π+π- The measurements also benefit from improved knowledge of external inputs, namely the D0D-0 mixing parameters, rDKπ and several D-meson branching fractions. The measured values are RKππ0=0.82±0.07, δDKππ0=(164-14+20)°, RK3π=0.32-0.28+0.20 and δDK3π=(225-78+21)°. Consideration is given to how these measurements can be improved further by using the larger quantum-correlated data set collected by BESIII
Post-typhoon prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder in a Vietnamese sample
No full textIn 2006, typhoon Xangsane disrupted a multiagency health needs study of 4,982 individuals in Vietnam. Following this disaster, 798 of the original participants were reinterviewed to determine prevalence and risk factors associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder (PD), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Posttyphoon prevalences were PTSD 2.6%, MDD 5.9%, PD 9.3%, and GAD 2.2%. Of those meeting criteria for a disorder, 70% reported only one disorder, 15% had two, 14% had three, and 1% met criteria for all four disorders. Risk factors for posttyphoon psychopathology differed among disorders, but generally were related to high typhoon exposure, prior trauma exposure, and in contrast to Western populations, higher age, but not gender
EU policy in the fight against trafficking in human beings: A representative example of the challenges caused by the externalisation of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice
No full textThe European Union has developed since the mid-1990's its own policy to prevent and fight against trafficking in human beings (THB). This phenomenon constitutes a threat to the internal security of the European Union, and it also entails severe violations of fundamental rights of its victims. While taking into account the evolution of the definition of THB, as well as the development of a EU multidisciplinary, integrated and holistic approach to THB, my doctoral research focuses on the external dimension of this policy. It is divided in three main parts. Firstly the analysis of the EU acquis in this field allows to determine the external competences at its disposal to promote the transposition of its standards beyond its borders. Special attention is given to the EU's externalisation efforts towards the candidate and potential candidate countries of the Western Balkans. The second part focuses on the interactions between the European Union and the other actors active in this field, being intergovernmental organisations, civil society organisations, or States. The objective is here to demonstrate that their interactions lead to the emergence of harmonized objectives and measures to combat THB in a comprehensive way. Finally the third part aims at assessing the implementation of European and international standards in national legal orders. Two case studies have been selected here: Belgium and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and their national legislations and policies are examined in order to assess whether they comply with these standards and implement a comprehensive approach to fight against THB.Doctorat en Sciences juridiquesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe
Measurement of the CKM angle gamma from a combination of B->Dh analyses
No full textA combination of three LHCb measurements of the CKM angle gamma is presented. The decays B->DK and B->Dpi are used, where D denotes an admixture of D0 and D0-bar mesons, decaying into K+K-, pi+pi-, K+-pi-+, K+-pi-+pi+-pi-+, KSpi+pi-, or KSK+K- final states. All measurements use a dataset corresponding to 1.0 fb-1 of integrated luminosity. Combining results from B->DK decays alone a best-fit value of gamma = 72.0 deg is found, and confidence intervals are set gamma in [56.4,86.7] deg at 68% CL, gamma in [42.6,99.6] deg at 95% CL. The best-fit value of gamma found from a combination of results from B->Dpi decays alone, is gamma = 18.9 deg, and the confidence intervals gamma in [7.4,99.2] deg or [167.9,176.4] deg at 68% CL, are set, without constraint at 95% CL. The combination of results from B->DK and B->Dpi decays gives a best-fit value of gamma = 72.6 deg and the confidence intervals gamma in [55.4,82.3] deg at 68% CL, gamma in [40.2,92.7] deg at 95% CL are set. All values are expressed modulo 180 deg, and are obtained taking into account the effect of D0-D0bar mixing
Impacto psicológico de niños expuestos a la violencia de forma directa e indirecta de dos casas de protección del ICBF y de una institución educativa de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia
No full textSe identifica el impacto psicológico de la exposición indirecta y directa a la violencia, evidenciado en tres cuadros clínicos como son la ansiedad, la depresión y el trastorno de estrés postrauma (TEPT), de 70 menores de ambos sexos, con edades entre los 8 y 12 años pertenecientes a dos casas de protección del ICBF5 y a una institución educativa de la ciudad de Cali. La investigación fue de tipo transversal con un diseño ex post facto retrospectivo. Los instrumentos empleados fueron la Escala revisada de Ansiedad Manifiesta para niños, CMAS-R (Reynold y Richmond, 1978), el Cuestionario Child Depression Inventory, CDI (Kovacks, 1981); el Trauma Symptoms Checklist for Children (TSCC), (Briere, 1996) y el Cuestionario de exposición a violencia (CEV), (Cuevas, Peña y Varela, 2003; Cuevas, 2004). Los resultados de la investigación indican que los niños están siendo víctimas de la exposición a la violencia de manera directa e indirecta, fenómeno que conduce a la pérdida de vidas humanas y a la trasgresión de la integridad física, moral y psicológica de los implicados. Sobre todo de los menores quienes en los últimos tiempos han sido los más afectados, sufriendo como consecuencia un gran impacto psicológico.</jats:p
Prevention and Control of Meningococcal Disease : Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
No full textMeningococcal disease describes the spectrum of infections caused by Neisseria meningitis, including meningitis, bacteremia, and bacteremia pneumonia. Two quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines that provide protection against meningococcal serogroups A, C, W, and Y (MenACWY-D [Menactra, manufactured by Sanofi Pasteur, Inc., Swiftwater, Pennsylvania] and MenACWY-CRM [Menveo, manufactured by Novartis Vaccines, Cambridge, Massachusetts]) are licensed in the United States for use among persons aged 2 through 55 years. MenACWY-D also is licensed for use among infants and toddlers aged 9 through 23 months. Quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV4 [Menommune, manufactured by sanofi Pasteur, Inc., Swiftwater, Pennsylvania]) is the only vaccine licensed for use among persons aged ?56 years. A bivalent meningococcal polysaccharide protein conjugate vaccine that provides protection against meningococcal serogroups C and Y along with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) (Hib-MenCY-TT [MenHibrix, manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium]) is licensed for use in children aged 6 weeks through 18 months. This report compiles and summarizes all recommendations from CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding prevention and control of meningococcal disease in the United States, specifically the changes in the recommendations published since 2005 (CDC. Prevention and control of meningococcal disease: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices [ACIP]. MMWR 2005;54[No. RR-7]). As a comprehensive summary of previously published recommendations, this report does not contain any new recommendations; it is intended for use by clinicians as a resource. ACIP recommends routine vaccination with a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) for adolescents aged 11 or 12 years, with a booster dose at age 16 years. ACIP also recommends routine vaccination for persons at increased risk for meningococcal disease (i.e., persons who have persistent complement component deficiencies, persons who have anatomic or functional asplenia, microbiologists who routinely are exposed to isolates of N. meningitidis, military recruits, and persons who travel to or reside in areas in which meningococcal disease is hyperendemic or epidemic). Guidelines for antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis and for evaluation and management of suspected outbreaks of meningococcal disease also are provided.prepared by Amanda C. Cohn, Jessica R. MacNeil, Thomas A. Clark, Ismael R. Ortega-Sanchez, Elizabeth Z. Briere, H. Cody Meissner, Carol J. Baker, Nancy E. MessonnierMarch 22, 2013.The material in this report originated in the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Anne Schuchat, MD, Director, and the Division of Bacterial Diseases, Rana Hajjeh, MD, DirectorAlso availalble via the World Wide Web.Includes bibliographical references (p. 19-22)
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