573 research outputs found
De Félibien à Boutard: L'évolution du dictionnaire artistique entre le XVIIème et le début du XIXème siècle
No full textArtistic terminology displays a hybrid and complex character, due to several factors (among others, the vastness of the field, the coexistence of erudite and ordinary technolects, the status of the arts over the centuries). The first lexicographic description of this terminology in the French language was written by the historiographer André Félibien. This chapter aims to show the evolution and the different variations of the artistic dictionary on a corpus of five monolingual French dictionaries covering a century and a half (1676--1826)
Sul finir d’imparare la Grammatica Francese, fa d’uopo studiar il Dizionario delle Frasi. Deux recueils phraséologiques bilingues franco-italiens de la première moitié du 19e siècle
No full textIn this paper we provide a metalexicographical analysis of two French-Italian phraseological
dictionaries published in Naples, in Italy, in the first half of 19th century :
the Fraseologia italiana-francese by Giuseppe Trucchi (1825) and the Dictionnaire
des phrases françaises-italiennes by Nicolas Lanza (1837). These two works are composite
but appear to be devoted mainly to the description of phraseological units
of various types : in fact, both authors are convinced that knowing phraseology
is complementary to the study of grammar and is indispensable for perfecting the
knowledge of the French language. Our aim is to detect the specificities of these
works at the level of the target audience, the chosen nomenclature and the lexicographic
techniques implemented, through the exploration of the paratext, the
macrostructure and the microstructure.Dans cet article, nous proposons une analyse métalexicographique de deux dictionnaires phraséologiques franco-italiens publiés à Naples dans la première moitié du 19e siècle : la Fraseologia italiana-francese de Giuseppe Trucchi (1825) et le Dictionnaire des phrases françaises-italiennes de Nicolas Lanza (1837). Ces deux ouvrages sont des textes composites, mais paraissent consacrés en priorité à la description des unités phraséologiques de types différents : en effet, les deux auteurs sont convaincus du fait que l’étude de la phraséologie est complémentaire à celle de la grammaire et indispensable pour parfaire la connaissance de la langue française. À travers l’analyse du paratexte, de la macrostructure et de la microstructure, nous essayerons de déterminer les spécificités de ces recueils en ce qui concerne le public visé, la nomenclature et l’utilisation de véritables techniques lexicographiques
A dictionary of the languages of medieval England: Issues and implications
No full textThe coexistence of three languages in England during the post-Conquest period ledto a complex multilingual situation. The fact that Middle English, Anglo-French,and Latin showed mutual borrowing and shared lexis as a result of multilingualpractices makes them difficult to handle from a lexicographic perspective. Startingfrom the assumption that “monolingual lexicography in a multilingual environ-ment does not work” (Trotter 2000a: 4), this paper illustrates the issues related tothe treatment of these languages in the three major historical dictionaries and advocates the compilation of a multilingual dictionary, which would be able to provide amore accurate perspective of the linguistic situation of the time. The problems andimplications connected to the designing of such a long-needed resource are tackled and some methodological proposals are presented by taking into considerationtwo existing databases which treat specific lexical domains related to everyday lifein medieval England from a multilingual perspective. The aim of this contributionis to urge further research on the possible ways to reproduce the fuzziness of language boundaries in the post-Conquest period in order to make the compilation ofa multilingual dictionary of the languages of medieval England an attainable goal
m-quasitilted and m-almost hereditary algebras
No full textApresentamos uma generalização para as classes das álgebras quase inclinadas e quase hereditárias, que chamamos de álgebras m-quase inclinadas e m-quase hereditárias. Para estas últimas, pode-se obter uma trissecção de suas categorias de módulos determinada pelas subcategorias L^m = {X indecomponível; dimensão projetiva de Y é menor ou igual a m, para cada antecessor Y de X} e R = {X indecomponível; dimensão injetiva de Y é menor ou igual a 1, para cada sucessor Y de X}, além de ser possível mostrar que se existe um módulo E_m de forma a obtermos a igualdade de conjuntos {X módulo; Hom(E_m, \\tau X) = 0} = {X módulo; dimensão projetiva de X é menor ou igual a m}, então E_m é soma de somandos de módulos em R e todo caminho de indecomponíveis com início em um somando E de E_m e final em um módulo projetivo pode ser refinado a um caminho de morfismos irredutíveis, que é ainda seccional. Como consequência desse resultado obtém-se que as álgebras m-quase hereditárias são caracterizadas pelo fato de que todos seus módulos projetivos pertencem a L^m. É possível verificar que toda álgebra m-quase inclinada de dimensão global m+1 é m-quase hereditária e, consequentemente, que toda álgebra hereditária por partes de tipo mod H, para alguma álgebra hereditária H, com dimensão global m+1 é m-quase hereditária. Apresentamos ainda um exemplo de uma álgebra 2-quase hereditária que não é 2-quase inclinada, não sendo válida, portanto, a recíproca do resultado acima. Buscamos, dessa forma, estabelecer condições que quando assumidas sobre uma álgebra 2-quase hereditária possam garantir que esta é 2-quase inclinada e, em particular, hereditária por partes. Recorremos, para isso, à aplicação obtida por meio de uma adaptação de resultados de Happel, Reiten e Smalo, que sob certas hipóteses permite concluir que uma álgebra é álgebra de endomorfismos de um objeto inclinante. Como resultado, mostra-se que uma álgebra 2-quase hereditária com certas outras propriedades e que satisfaz as condições (H1), (H2) e (H3) é 2-quase inclinada.We present a generalization of the classes of quasitilted and almost hereditary algebras, which we call m-quasitilted and m-almost hereditary algebras. For the latter one, we can obtain a trisection of their module categories determined by the following subcategories L^m = {X indecomposable; projective dimension of Y is at most m for each predecessor Y of X} and R = {X indecomposable; injective dimension of Y is at most 1 for each successor Y of X}. Moreover, if there exists a module E_m such that {X; Hom(E_m, \\tau X) = 0} = {X; projective dimension of X is at most m} then E_m is a sum of direct summands of modules in R and any path of indecomposable modules starting in a module E which is a direct summand of E_m and ending in a projective module can be refined to a path of irreducible morphisms, which is also sectional. This result on paths allow us to obtain a characterization for m-almost hereditary algebras in terms of their projective modules. It is also possible to prove that any m-quasitilted algebra with global dimension m+1 is a m-almost hereditary algebra and as a consequence we can obtain that any piecewise hereditary algebra of type mod H, for some hereditary algebra H, and with global dimension m+1 is m-almost hereditary. We present an example of a 2-almost hereditary which is not 2-quasitilted, which entails that the converse of the above mentioned result does not hold true. Thus we seek for conditions which can ensure that a given 2-almost hereditary is 2-quasitilted and, in particular, a piecewise hereditary algebra. For this, we use the correspondence obtained as an adaptation of results of Happel, Reiten and Smalo, which under certain assumptions shows that an algebra is an endomorphism algebra of a tilting object. It is shown that a 2-almost hereditary algebra with some other properties and satisfying (H1), (H2) and (H3) is 2-quasitilted
The deep Adriatic transient dataset
No full textPotential temperature and practical salinity data in the deep Southern Adriatic Pit from:
1-the E2M3A deep-ocean observatory at 1000 and 1200 m since 2006 (managed by the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics (OGS), Trieste, Italy)
2-the D1200 station (CTD data) since 1957 at 1000 m (managed by the Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (IOF), Split, Croatia)
3-CTD data from opportunistic cruises since 1985 (managed by OGS) at 1000 m
Daily temperature, salinity and potential density anomaly data from the Vida buoy in the Gulf of Trieste (Piran) since 2004 (managed by the Marine Biology Station, Piran, Slovenia
Semer le trouble. Soulèvements, subversions, refuges
No full textInternational audienceOn étouffe. La situation n’est pas tenable. Nous courons à la catastrophe. L’effet de sidération paralyse les velléités d’action. Ce contre quoi nous avons des raisons de nous insurger semble se fondre dans un même mouvement global, une lame de fond irrépressible. Quels moyens possédons-nous pour semer le trouble dans la mécanique des rapports de domination ? Ce numéro fait appel à notre expérience collective des techniques de lutte et enquête sur les foyers de résistance qui s’élaborent et opposent aux gouvernementalités de nouvelles priorités, d’autres perspectives. Les collectifs travaillent leurs outils autant que leurs convictions ; ils suspendent le temps, par adaptation ou détournement de choses et de dispositifs. Comment la « mésentente », qui vient troubler l’idylle consensuelle de la politique, se trouve-t-elle instruite et équipée par les gestes et les instruments propres aux mouvements de lutte ?Ce numéro est élaboré dans le contexte de la mobilisation contre des réformes qui mettent en danger la vitalité de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche. Par cette matérialisation, en revue, d’un désaccord têtu, Techniques&Culture propose un répertoire non exhaustif des actions qui sèment et cultivent le trouble
From Fulltext Documents to Structured Citations: CERN's Automated Solution
No full textFor many years, CERN has been collecting all High Energy Physics documents to make them easy to access to physics researchers. A repository of up to 170,000 electronic documents is available via the CERN Document Server, the main gateway to CERN's digital library. On top of the creation of this digital archive, the computing support has been looking towards possible improvements in order to ease the task of searching through and reading the articles kept. In addition to the acquisition, cataloguing and indexing of standard metadata, specific treatments have been applied to the data itself.
In this paper, after a brief description of process applied to fulltext data, we shall focus on the specific work done within a collaboration between CERN, Geneva University and the University of Sunderland in order to successfully achieve the automated acquisition of structured citations from fulltext documents
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