7 research outputs found
Masora und Exegese Untersuchungen zur Masora und Bibeltextüberlieferung im Kommentar des R. Schlomo ben Yitzchaq (Raschi)
No full textThe commentary of Rashi (Rabbi Shlomo ben Yitzhak, b. Troyes 1040, d. 1105), part of the Jewish core curriculum, is reprinted here together with the Hebrew biblical text. This study takes selected portions to investigate citations of the Hebrew bible and the Masorah in Rashi’s commentary, thus providing an introduction to medieval Jewish biblical interpretation and the Ashkenazi tradition of reading the Hebrew bible
Jüdisches Handschriftenerbe. Hebräische Manuskript-Kultur des 11. bis 13. Jahrhunderts
No full textMontag, den 11. Dezember 2017, um 18.05 Uhr in Raum S1 03/123 werden wir unsere Ringvorlesung »Jüdisches Erbe« des Wintersemesters 2017/18 mit einem Vortrag des Kollegen Dr. Kay Joe Petzold (Heidelberg) fortsetzen können, der uns einen profunden und sicher sehr anschaulichen Einblick in das reiche hebräische Handschriftenerbe des Mittelalters ermöglichen möchte. Das für unseren Vorlesungszyklus wiederum grundlegende Thema lautet: »Jüdisches Handschriftenerbe. Hebräische Manuskript-Kultur des..
Die Kanaan-Karten des R. Salomo Ben Isaak (Raschi) – Bedeutung und Gebrauch mittelalterlicher hebräischer Karten-Diagramme
No full textAbstractR. Shlomo Yitṣḥaki (Hebrew: שלמה יצחקי), generally known by the acronym Rashi, was a medieval French rabbi who lived between 1040 and 1105 in Troyes (Champagne). Rashi was the author of two comprehensive commentaries on the Talmud and on the Tanakh. His commentary on the Talmud, which covers nearly all of the Babylonian Talmud (a total of 30 tractates), has been included in every edition of the Talmud since its first printing by Daniel Bomberg in the 1520 s. His commentary on the most books of the Tanakh – especially on the Chumash – is still an indispensable exegetical tool to almost all students of the Hebrew Bible. This perush al ha-Torah supplemented almost all printed Hebrew Bibles or Chumash Editions and initiated more than 300 super-commentaries, which analyze and elucidate Rashi’s choices of exegesis, grammar, variant readings, Masora and midrash citations. The manuscript editions of his commentary were augmented with various map diagrams of Erets Israel, which disappeared in the printed editions of the Rashi commentary. Abraham Berliner mentioned this loss and recent scholarship is rediscovering these Rashi diagrams and maps. This paper elucidates the so-called Numeri 34 map-diagrams in the oldest extant manuscripts of the Rashi commentary, and their refinement and recycling within the Masora (figurata) of Ashkenazi bible manuscripts.</jats:p
Masora und Exegese Untersuchungen zur Masora und Bibeltextüberlieferung im Kommentar des R. Schlomo ben Yitzchaq (Raschi)
No full textThe commentary of Rashi (Rabbi Shlomo ben Yitzhak, b. Troyes 1040, d. 1105), part of the Jewish core curriculum, is reprinted here together with the Hebrew biblical text. This study takes selected portions to investigate citations of the Hebrew bible and the Masorah in Rashi’s commentary, thus providing an introduction to medieval Jewish biblical interpretation and the Ashkenazi tradition of reading the Hebrew bible
Die Erforschung der westeuropäischen Bibeltexttradition als Aufgabe der Jüdischen Studien
No full text
Global, regional, and national disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990‐2015 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) 2015 Study
No full textBackground
Healthy life expectancy (HALE) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) provide summary measures of health across geographies and time that can inform assessments of epidemiological patterns and health system performance, help to prioritise investments in research and development, and monitor progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We aimed to provide updated HALE and DALYs for geographies worldwide and evaluate how disease burden changes with development.
Methods
We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015) for all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and non-fatal disease burden to derive HALE and DALYs by sex for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. We calculated DALYs by summing years of life lost (YLLs) and years of life lived with disability (YLDs) for each geography, age group, sex, and year. We estimated HALE using the Sullivan method, which draws from age-specific death rates and YLDs per capita. We then assessed how observed levels of DALYs and HALE differed from expected trends calculated with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator constructed from measures of income per capita, average years of schooling, and total fertility rate.
Findings
Total global DALYs remained largely unchanged from 1990 to 2015, with decreases in communicable, neonatal, maternal, and nutritional (Group 1) disease DALYs offset by increased DALYs due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Much of this epidemiological transition was caused by changes in population growth and ageing, but it was accelerated by widespread improvements in SDI that also correlated strongly with the increasing importance of NCDs. Both total DALYs and age-standardised DALY rates due to most Group 1 causes significantly decreased by 2015, and although total burden climbed for the majority of NCDs, age-standardised DALY rates due to NCDs declined. Nonetheless, age-standardised DALY rates due to several high-burden NCDs (including osteoarthritis, drug use disorders, depression, diabetes, congenital birth defects, and skin, oral, and sense organ diseases) either increased or remained unchanged, leading to increases in their relative ranking in many geographies. From 2005 to 2015, HALE at birth increased by an average of 2·9 years (95% uncertainty interval 2·9–3·0) for men and 3·5 years (3·4–3·7) for women, while HALE at age 65 years improved by 0·85 years (0·78–0·92) and 1·2 years (1·1–1·3), respectively. Rising SDI was associated with consistently higher HALE and a somewhat smaller proportion of life spent with functional health loss; however, rising SDI was related to increases in total disability. Many countries and territories in central America and eastern sub-Saharan Africa had increasingly lower rates of disease burden than expected given their SDI. At the same time, a subset of geographies recorded a growing gap between observed and expected levels of DALYs, a trend driven mainly by rising burden due to war, interpersonal violence, and various NCDs
