305 research outputs found
Impact of heterocirculene molecular symmetry upon two-dimensional crystallization
No full textPeer reviewe
Mass limits on a light Higgs boson from pi-, K-, eta'-meson decays in the 70 GeV proton beam-dump experiment
No full textData from a 70 GeV proton-iron beam-dump experiment and the theoretical predictions of light Higgs production from the decays π±→e± V(∼)eH, K±→e± V(∼)eH, K±→π±H, K0L→π0H, η′→η′H were used to establish limits on the mass of a scalar Higgs boson in the context of the standard model. The mass range 1<mH<72 MeV/c2 was excluded at 95% CL
Measurement of and in , Au, and CuCu collisions at GeV
No full text590 authors, 18 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.html ; see paper for full list of authorsInternational audienceThe PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has performed a systematic study of and meson production at midrapidity in , Au, and CuCu collisions at GeV. The and mesons are reconstructed via their and decay modes, respectively. The measured transverse-momentum spectra are used to determine the nuclear modification factor of and mesons in Au and CuCu collisions at different centralities. In the Au collisions, the nuclear modification factor of and mesons is almost constant as a function of transverse momentum and is consistent with unity showing that cold-nuclear-matter effects do not play a significant role in the measured kinematic range. In CuCu collisions, within the uncertainties no nuclear modification is registered in peripheral collisions. In central collisions, both mesons show suppression relative to the expectations from the yield scaled by the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions in the CuCu system. In the range 2--5 GeV/, the strange mesons (, ) similarly to the meson with hidden strangeness, show an intermediate suppression between the more suppressed light quark mesons () and the nonsuppressed baryons (, ). At higher transverse momentum, GeV/, production of all particles is similarly suppressed by a factor of 2
Observation of muon neutrino disappearance with the MINOS detectors in the NuMI neutrino beam
No full textThis Letter reports results from the MINOS experiment based on its initial exposure to neutrinos from the Fermilab NuMI beam. The rates and energy spectra of charged current nu(mu) interactions are compared in two detectors located along the beam axis at distances of 1 and 735 km. With 1.27x10(20) 120 GeV protons incident on the NuMI target, 215 events with energies below 30 GeV are observed at the Far Detector, compared to an expectation of 336 +/- 14 events. The data are consistent with nu(mu) disappearance via oscillations with vertical bar Delta m(32)(2)vertical bar=2.74(-0.26)(+0.44)x10(-3) eV(2) and sin(2)(2 theta(23))> 0.87 (68% C.L.)
Measurement of Bottom Versus Charm as a Function of Transverse Momentum with Electron-Hadron Correlations in p plus p Collisions at s=200 GeV
No full textThe momentum distribution of electrons from semileptonic decays of charm and bottom quarks for midrapidity |y|< 0.35 in p+p collisions at s=200 GeV is measured by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider over the transverse momentum range 2 < p(T)< 7 GeV/c. The ratio of the yield of electrons from bottom to that from charm is presented. The ratio is determined using partial D/D -> e(+/-)K(-/+)X (K unidentified) reconstruction. It is found that the yield of electrons from bottom becomes significant above 4 GeV/c in p(T). A fixed-order-plus-next-to-leading-log perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculation agrees with the data within the theoretical and experimental uncertainties. The extracted total bottom production cross section at this energy is sigma(bb)=3.2(-1.1)(+1.2)(stat)(-1.3)(+1.4)(syst)mu b
Graphenes in the absence of metals as carbocatalysts for selective acetylene hydrogenation and alkene hydrogenation
No full textCatalysis makes possible a chemical reaction by increasing the transformation rate. Hydrogenation of carbon-carbon multiple bonds is one of the most important examples of catalytic reactions. Currently, this type of reaction is carried out in petrochemistry at very large scale, using noble metals such as platinum and palladium or first row transition metals such as nickel. Catalysis is dominated by metals and in many cases by precious ones. Here we report that graphene (a single layer of one-atom-thick carbon atoms) can replace metals for hydrogenation of carbon-carbon multiple bonds. Besides alkene hydrogenation, we have shown that graphenes also exhibit high selectivity for the hydrogenation of acetylene in the presence of a large excess of ethylene.This study was financially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Severo Ochoa and CTQ2012-32315); and Generalidad Valenciana (Prometeo 21/013) is gratefully acknowledged.Primo Arnau, AM.; Neatu, F.; Florea, M.; Parvulescu, V.; García Gómez, H. (2014). Graphenes in the absence of metals as carbocatalysts for selective acetylene hydrogenation and alkene hydrogenation. Nature Communications. 5:1-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6291S195Dreyer, D. R. & Bielawski, C. W. Carbocatalysis: heterogeneous carbons finding utility in synthetic chemistry. Chem. Sci. 2, 1233–1240 (2011).Machado, B. F. & Serp, P. Graphene-based materials for catalysis. Catal. Sci. Technol. 2, 54–75 (2012).Schaetz, A., Zeltner, M. & Stark, W. J. Carbon modifications and surfaces for catalytic organic transformations. 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Reduced graphene oxide for catalytic oxidation of aqueous organic pollutants. ACS Appl. Mater. Interf. 4, 5466–5471 (2012).Dreyer, D. R., Jia, H. P. & Bielawski, C. W. Graphene oxide: a convenient carbocatalyst for facilitating oxidation and hydration reactions. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49, 6813–6816 (2010).Dreyer, D. R., Jia, H. P., Todd, A. D., Geng, J. X. & Bielawski, C. W. Graphite oxide: a selective and highly efficient oxidant of thiols and sulfides. Org. Biomol. Chem. 9, 7292–7295 (2011).Hayashi, M. Oxidation using activated carbon and molecular oxygen system. Chem. Rec. 8, 252–267 (2008).Jia, H. P., Dreyer, D. R. & Bielawski, C. W. C-H oxidation using graphite oxide. Tetrahedron 67, 4431–4434 (2011).Kumar, A. V. & Rao, K. R. Recyclable graphite oxide catalyzed Friedel-Crafts addition of indoles to alpha, beta-unsaturated ketones. Tetrahedron Lett. 52, 5188–5191 (2011).Soria-Sanchez, M. et al. Carbon nanostructure materials as direct catalysts for phenol oxidation in aqueous phase. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 104, 101–109 (2011).Verma, S. et al. Graphene oxide: an efficient and reusable carbocatalyst for aza-Michael addition of amines to activated alkenes. Chem. Commun. 47, 12673–12675 (2011).Yu, H. et al. Solvent-free catalytic dehydrative etherification of benzyl alcohol over graphene oxide. Chem. Phys. Lett. 583, 146–150 (2013).Holschumacher, D., Bannenberg, T., Hrib, C. G., Jones, P. G. & Tamm, M. Heterolytic dihydrogen activation by a frustrated carbene-borane Lewis pair. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47, 7428–7432 (2008).Staubitz, A., Robertson, A. P. M., Sloan, M. E. & Manners, I. Amine- and phosphine-borane adducts: new interest in old molecules. Chem. Rev. 110, 4023–4078 (2010).Stephan, D. W. & Erker, G. Frustrated Lewis Pairs: Metal-free Hydrogen Activation and More. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49, 46–76 (2010).Poh, H. L., Sanek, F., Sofer, Z. & Pumera, M. High-pressure hydrogenation of graphene: towards graphane. Nanoscale 4, 7006–7011 (2012).Sofo, J. O., Chaudhari, A. S. & Barber, G. D. Graphane: A two-dimensional hydrocarbon. J. Phys. Chem. B 75, 153401 (2007).Elias, D. C. et al. Control of graphene’s properties by reversible hydrogenation: evidence for graphane. Science 323, 610–613 (2009).Despiau-Pujo, E. et al. Elementary processes of H2 plasma-graphene interaction: a combined molecular dynamics and density functional theory study. J. Appl. Phys. 113, 114302 (2013).Xu, L. & Ge, Q. Effects of defects and dopants in graphene on hydrogen interaction in graphene-supported NaAlH4. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 38, 3670–3680 (2013).Perhun, T. I., Bychko, I. B., Trypolsky, A. I. & Strizhak, P. E. Catalytic properties of graphene material in the hydrogenation of ethylene. Theor. Exp. Chem. 48, 367–370 (2013).Hummers, W. S. & Offeman, R. E. Preparation of graphitic oxide. J. Am. Chem. 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The roles of subsurface carbon and hydrogen in palladium-catalyzed alkyne hydrogenation. Science 320, 86–89 (2008).Bridier, B., Lopez, N. & Perez-Ramirez, J. Molecular understanding of alkyne hydrogenation for the design of selective catalysts. Dalton Trans. 39, 8412–8419 (2010).Flick, K., Herion, C. & Allmann, H. Palladium-haltiger Trägerkatalysator zur selektiven katalytischen Hydrierung von Acetylen in Kohlenwasserstoffströmen. EP764463-A; EP764463-A2; DE19535402-A1; JP9141097-A; CA2185721-A; KR97014834-A; MX9604031-A1; US5847250-A; US5856262-A; TW388722-A; MX195137-B; CN1151908-A; EP764463-B1; DE59610365-G; ES2197222-T3; KR418161-B; CN1081487-C; JP3939787-B2; CA2185721-C (1997).Gartside, R. J. et al. Improved olefin plant recovery system employing a combination of catalytic distillation and fixed bed catalytic steps. 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High p(T) direct photon and pi(0) triggered azimuthal jet correlations and measurement of k(T) for isolated direct photons in p plus p collisions at root s=200 GeV
No full textCorrelations of charged hadrons of 1< p(T) < 10 Gev/c with high pT direct photons and pi(0) mesons in the range 5< p(T) < 15 Gev/c are used to study jet fragmentation in the gamma + jet and dijet channels, respectively. The magnitude of the partonic transverse momentum, k(T), is obtained by comparing to a model incorporating a Gaussian kT smearing. The sensitivity of the associated charged hadron spectra to the underlying fragmentation function is tested and the data are compared to calculations using recent global fit results. The shape of the direct photon-associated hadron spectrum as well as its charge asymmetry are found to be consistent with a sample dominated by quark-gluon Compton scattering. No significant evidence of fragmentation photon correlated production is observed within experimental uncertainties.Office of Nuclear Physics in the Office of Science of the Department of Energy (DOE
Transverse-mass dependence of two-pion correlations in Au+Au collisions at = 130 GeV
No full textTwo-pion correlations in roots(NN) = 130 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC have been measured over a broad range of pair transverse momentum k(T) by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. The k(T) dependent transverse radii are similar to results from heavy-ion collisions at roots(NN) = 4.1 , 4.9, and 17.3 GeV, whereas the longitudinal radius increases monotonically with beam energy. The ratio of the outwards to sidewards transverse radii (R-out/R-side) is consistent with unity and independent of k(T)
Low mass dilepton production at RHIC energies
No full textEIRecent results on low mass dilepton measurements from the PHENIX experiment are reported. Invariant mass spectra of are measured for the first time in Au-Au collisions at in Run2. In d-Au collisions, the yields and MT slopes of both and are measured. Both results are consistent with each other within errors. In the future, a Hadron Blind Detector will be installed in PHENIX which will enhance our capabilities of rejecting external photon conversions and Dalitz pairs, that will result in a significant reduction of the large combinatorial background
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