3,046 research outputs found
Diabetic ketoacidosis in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in Tigray, Ethiopia: retrospective observational study
No full textFikaden Berhe Hadgu,1 Gereziher Gebremedhin Sibhat,2 Letekirstos GebreEgziabher Gebretsadik31Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Tigray, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacognocy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Tigray, Ethiopia; 3Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Tigray, EthiopiaBackground: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the most severe acute complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus which results in increased risk of morbidity and mortality especially in developing countries.Objective: To assess prevalence and associated factors of diabetic ketoacidosis in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in hospitals of the Tigray region, Ethiopia.Methods: A facility based retrospective observational study design was conducted in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic children and adolescents up to the age of 18 years who were registered in 13 general and two referral hospitals from January 1, 2013 to December 30, 2017. The diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis was made with the criteria below, Children presenting with polysymptoms, weight loss, vomiting, dehydration, and also the indirect signs or effects of acidosis on respiratory and central nervous systems like Kussmaul breathing, lethargy or coma and biochemically random blood sugar level >11 ml/L, glucosuria and urine ketone >+1 and diagnosed with type 1 diabetes for the first time. Descriptive, Mann–Whitney U and logistic regression analysis were carried out to describe and identify the associated factors with diabetic ketoacidosis.Results: More than three-quarters, 258/328 (78.7%) of the newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes patients, presented with diabetic ketoacidosis at initial diagnosis. Median age of diabetic ketoacidosis patients was 11 years. The patients with diabetic ketoacidosis were younger than nondiabetic ketoacidosis patients (11 vs 13 years, P=0.002). The mortality rate of diabetic ketoacidosis was 4.3%. Young age, presence of precipitating factors and symptoms of DKA/diabetes were found to be highly associated with diabetic ketoacidosis at initial diagnosis.Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis was alarmingly high. Young age group patients, precipitating factors and the presence of symptoms of diabetes/DKA like excessive drinking, vomiting and fatigue were highly associated with diabetic ketoacidosis.Keywords: prevalence, type 1diabetes, ketoacidosis, children, Tigra
Parents studying medicine : the dichotomy of studying with a family
No full textIntroduction: In this article the personal study and life situation of parents who are also medical students at the Medical School of the Goethe University Frankfurt am Main is discussed. There is a special focus on the topics "studying with children" and "family-friendly university", which have been present in discussions about university development and in the daily life of academics, especially during the last decade. The workgroup "Individual Student Services" at the medical faculty at the Goethe University tries to meet the necessities of the individual study courses and to support the study success with a new counselling and student service concept.
Methods: The experience of parents studying medicine was recorded in semi-structured interviews (Date: April 2010), which were held as part of the sponsored pilot project on part-time medical studies ("Pilot Project Part-time Medical Studies"). Additionally, study results from the Medical School of the Goethe University Frankfurt am Main were integrated as well as a literature analysis.
Results: It was found that the teaching demands and support services, which have been suggested and needed for years now, have been partially implemented and are without sufficient support at the faculty level to date. Thus the current situation of medical students with children is still difficult and seems a big challenge for everyone involved.
Solution: As part of the "Individual Student Services" a new pilot project on part-time medical studies was established in November 2009. Only the use of new, unconventional and innovative ideas allows universities to adequately support the changing and heterogeneous student population and support them to successfully completing their medical studies
Interpretations and implications of the top quark rapidity asymmetries A(FB)(t) and A(FB)(l)
No full textForward-backward asymmetries A(FB)(t) and A(FB)(l) are observed in the top-quark t rapidity distribution and in the rapidity distribution of charged leptons l from top-quark decay at the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider, and a charge asymmetry A(C) is seen in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In this paper, we update our previous studies of the Tevatron asymmetries using the most recent data. We provide expectations for AC at the LHC based first on simple extrapolations from the Tevatron, and second based on new physics models that can explain the Tevatron asymmetries. We examine the relationship of the two asymmetries A(FB)(t) and A(FB)(l). We show their connection through the (V - A) spin correlation between the charged lepton and the top quark with different polarization states. We show that the ratio of the two asymmetries provides independent insight into the physics interpretation of the top-quark asymmetry. We emphasize the value of the measurement of both asymmetries, and we conclude that a model which produces more right-handed than left-handed top quarks is suggested by the present Tevatron data.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000322145600004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Astronomy & AstrophysicsPhysics, Particles & FieldsSCI(E)7ARTICLE1null8
Top Quark Production Asymmetries A(FB)(t) and A(FB)(l)
No full textA large forward-backward asymmetry is seen in both the top quark rapidity distribution A(FB)(t) and in the rapidity distribution of charged leptons A(FB)(l) from top quarks produced at the Tevatron. We study the kinematic and dynamic aspects of the relationship of the two observables arising from the spin correlation between the charged lepton and the top quark with different polarization states. We emphasize the value of both measurements, and we conclude that a new physics model which produces more right-handed than left-handed top quarks is favored by the present data.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000300247100002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Physics, MultidisciplinarySCI(E)EI20ARTICLE6null10
Depolarization and decreased surface expression of K+ channels contribute to NSAID-inhibition of intestinal restitution
No full textNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) contribute to gastrointestinal ulcer formation by inhibiting epithelial cell migration and mucosal restitution; however, the drug-affected signaling pathways are poorly defined. We investigated whether NSAID inhibition of intestinal epithelial migration is associated with depletion of intracellular polyamines, depolarization of membrane potential (Em) and altered surface expression of K+ channels. Epithelial cell migration in response to the wounding of confluent IEC-6 and IEC-Cdx2 monolayers was reduced by indomethacin (100μM), phenylbutazone (100μM) and NS-398 (100μM) but not by SC-560 (1μM). NSAID-inhibition of intestinal cell migration was not associated with depletion of intracellular polyamines. Treatment of IEC-6 and IEC-Cdx2 cells with indomethacin, phenylbutazone and NS-398 induced significant depolarization of Em, whereas treatment with SC-560 had no effect on Em. The Em of IEC-Cdx2 cells was: −38.5±1.8mV under control conditions; −35.9±1.6mV after treatment with SC-560; −18.8±1.2mV after treatment with indomethacin; and −23.7±1.4mV after treatment with NS-398. Whereas SC-560 had no significant effects on the total cellular expression of Kv1.4 channel protein, indomethacin and NS-398 decreased not only the total cellular expression of Kv1.4, but also the cell surface expression of both Kv1.4 and Kv1.6 channel subunits in IEC-Cdx2. Both Kv1.4 and Kv1.6 channel proteins were immunoprecipitated by Kv1.4 antibody from IEC-Cdx2 lysates, indicating that these subunits co-assemble to form heteromeric Kv channels. These results suggest that NSAID inhibition of epithelial cell migration is independent of polyamine-depletion, and is associated with depolarization of Em and decreased surface expression of heteromeric Kv1 channels.ID: S0006295207001931; M3: Article; Accession Number: S0006295207001931; Author: L.C. Freeman (b); Author: D.F. Narvaez (a); Author: A. McCoy (a); Author: F.B. von Stein (c); Author: S. Young (b); Author: K. Silver (a); Author: S. Ganta (b); Author: D. Koch (b); Author: R. Hunter (b); Author: R.F. Gilmour (c); Author: J.D. Lillich (a, ⁎); Affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States; Keyword: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Keyword: Intestinal epithelial cells; Keyword: Membrane potential; Keyword: Potassium channels; Number of Pages: 12; Language: English;Source type: Electronic(1)http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edselp&AN=S0006295207001931&site=eds-live&scope=sit
Branching fraction and CP asymmetry of the decays B+→K0Sπ+ and B+→K0SK+
No full textAn analysis of B+ → K0
Sπ+ and B+ → K0
S K+ decays is performed with the LHCb experiment. The pp
collision data used correspond to integrated luminosities of 1 fb−1 and 2 fb−1 collected at centre-ofmass
energies of
√
s = 7 TeV and
√
s = 8 TeV, respectively. The ratio of branching fractions and the
direct CP asymmetries are measured to be B(B+ → K0
S K+
)/B(B+ → K0
Sπ+
) = 0.064 ± 0.009 (stat.) ±
0.004 (syst.), ACP(B+ → K0
Sπ+
) = −0.022 ± 0.025 (stat.) ± 0.010 (syst.) and ACP(B+ → K0
S K+
) =
−0.21 ± 0.14 (stat.) ± 0.01 (syst.). The data sample taken at
√
s = 7 TeV is used to search for
B+
c
→ K0
S K+ decays and results in the upper limit ( fc · B(B+
c
→ K0
S K+
))/( fu · B(B+ → K0
Sπ+
)) <
5.8 × 10−2 at 90% confidence level, where fc and fu denote the hadronisation fractions of a ¯b
quark
into a B+
c or a B+ meson, respectively
Retelling racialized violence, remaking white innocence: the politics of interlocking oppressions in transgender day of remembrance
No full textTransgender Day of Remembrance has become a significant political event among those resisting violence against gender-variant persons. Commemorated in more than 250 locations worldwide, this day honors individuals who were killed due to anti-transgender hatred or prejudice. However, by focusing on transphobia as the definitive cause of violence, this ritual potentially obscures the ways in which hierarchies of race, class, and sexuality constitute such acts. Taking the Transgender Day of Remembrance/Remembering Our Dead project as a case study for considering the politics of memorialization, as well as tracing the narrative history of the Fred F. C. Martinez murder case in Colorado, the author argues that deracialized accounts of violence produce seemingly innocent White witnesses who can consume these spectacles of domination without confronting their own complicity in such acts. The author suggests that remembrance practices require critical rethinking if we are to confront violence in more effective ways. Description from publisher's site: http://caliber.ucpress.net/doi/abs/10.1525/srsp.2008.5.1.2
Freeze-bond strength: Analysis of experiments and FE modeling of a shear test on freeze bonds
No full textThe objective of this study was to contribute to the knowledge on ice-ridges structures interactions. This work is a follow-up of previous research on simulations of ice-structure interaction using finite element method (Gürtner, 2009b; Konuk, et al., 2009a,b) and a preliminary study of freeze-bond (FB) shear strength (Repetto-Llamazares, et al., 2009b). The presented data should be regarded as illustrative rather than exhaustive. Many important aspects of ice-ridges structures interactions have not been addressed in this thesis. An analysis of experiments with FBs was performed, and a finite element model was built in order to simulate these experiments. Within the framework of the classical theory of elasticity, the numerical model incorporates a cohesive model in order to simulate ice fracture along the FB during shear test. The cohesive behavior of the FB was described by the bilinear traction-separation law. The approach of Camanho and Davila (2002) was applied in order to calculate stresses in the FB under mixed-mode loading conditions. A 6-node cohesive finite element was used for implementation of assumed behavior of the FB. Information obtained via detailed analysis of the FB shear strength experiments and via their numerical simulation can be used for a better understanding of FB failure processes and for a numerical modeling of ice-ridges. The results of numerical simulation confirmed that the finite element model could reproduce phenomena commonly observed in actual shear tests of FBs, including the shear strength hardening and partly softening behavior. The peak load in simulations was completely determined by the maximum traction strength and the initial part of a traction-separation law. This study also showed that from the conducted experiments intended to study FB strength in model ice, it is also possible to study ice fracture processes as well as post-failure behavior. By improving the experimental procedure as described in Repetto-Llamazares, et al. (2009b) it will be possible to study not only FB shear strength but also the frictional behavior of ice after the FB failure. By video monitoring of the crack initiation and growth it will be possible to study a fracture process inside the FB. This work is of appeal to different scientists actively participating in investigations in, and possibly also on the standardization of methods for, measuring strength of freeze-bonds in order to improve existing analytical and numerical models, which are used nowadays for calculation of loads for scenarios of ice-ridges interactions with structures.CoMEM - Coastal and Marine Engineering and ManagementHydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Search for Diphoton Events with Large Missing Transverse Momentum in 1 fb^-1 of 7 TeV Proton-Proton Collision Data with the ATLAS Detector
No full textSee paper for full list of authors - 8 pages plus author list (21 pages total), 6 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Physics Letters BA search for diphoton events with large missing transverse momentum has been performed using 1.07 fb^-1 of proton-proton collision data at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector. No excess of events was observed above the Standard Model prediction and 95% Confidence Level (CL) upper limits are set on the production cross section for new physics: sigma < (22-129) fb in the context of a generalised model of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking (GGM) with a bino-like lightest neutralino, sigma < (27-91) fb in the context of a minimal model of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking (SPS8) and (15-27) fb in the context of a specific model with one universal extra dimension (UED). A 95% CL lower limit of 805 GeV, for bino masses above 50 GeV, is set on the GGM gluino mass. Lower limits of 145 TeV and 1.23 TeV are set on the SPS8 breaking scale Lambda and on the UED compactification scale 1/R, respectively. These limits provide the most stringent tests of these models to date
FB, THEY AND ME – THE ATTEMPTS OF USING SOCIAL MEDIA AS TOOLS FOR REFLECTIVE LEARNING AND COMMUNICATING AT THE UNIVERSITY
No full textThe concept of reflective learning focuses on the idea of analysing the practitioners’ experiences and the way they can learn from them. Considering the higher education, the author decided to describe students’ and academic teacher’s experiences related to learning and communicating through closed groups on Facebook. The three words: FB, they, me are deliberately put together in the title of this article. The experiences were collected to analyse the authors’ own teaching methods and to determine the best learning outcomes by academic teachers and students. The methods of collecting data were mainly based on individual, Internet interviews. As a theoretical concept, the author referred to reflective learning models introduced by (among others) D. A. Schön, T. Borton, D. A. Kolb and G. Gibbs as well as to the theory of transformative learning and Connectivism
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