124,760 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dataset: Sharing the seas: A review and analysis of ocean sector interactions
No full textOcean activities are rapidly expanding, but there is little understanding of their interactions. We review >3000 articles to analyze ocean sector interactions and find >90 unique direct and >150 indirect interactions often mediated via the ocean ecosystem. All interactions outcomes were categorized and reveal that some sectors coexist synergistically, but many interactions are antagonistic, including a significant amount of environmental impacts. In a related paper, we use this analysis to propose principles that can guide strategic decision-making, help navigate tradeoffs, and identify opportunities for sustainable and equitable governance trajectories. This dataset has four main components; a) A detailed account of our systematic mapping of peer-reviewed literature; b) Detailed summaries of the ocean interactions yielded from our analysis; c) All articles retrieved by our systematic search and subsequent literature review; d) All ocean interactions yielded from the review, categorized into outcome types. Accompanying R scripts can be found at: https://github.com/klillepold/OceanInteraction
Immune cell composition and cytokine expression in the pregnant and non-pregnant uterus
No full textThe success of implantation and further development of the embryo is heavily dependent on the endometrial immune cell composition and its ability to communicate with fetal semi-allogeneic trophoblast cells. Although our understanding of the immune cell population in the uterus has improved, its precise role in normal reproduction and reproductive disorders is still not fully resolved. Here, we examined immune cells and signal molecules derived from the endometrium around the time of implantation, in postmenopause, and in early pregnancy.In study I, we analyzed cytokine and chemokine characteristics in menstrual blood from healthy nulliparous women with regular menstrual cycles, both before and after luteal phase endometrial scratching. The menstrual blood cytokine profile showed little interindividual variation and differed distinctly from peripheral blood. Endometrial scratching did not affect the cytokine profile in menstrual blood.Study II examined the dynamics of endometrial MAIT cells in various reproductive states, including pre- and postmenopausal endometrium and in first trimester decidua. We also evaluated the impact of genetic and environmental factors on the endometrial MAIT cell population by comparing the size of the MAIT cell compartment in menstrual and peripheral blood from monozygotic twins. Additionally, we examined the tissue-residency of endometrial MAIT cells by using transplanted uteri as a model. Finally, we assessed the ability of MAIT cells to react against N. gonorrhoeae, a pathogen known to infect the female genital tract and pose a growing threat of antibiotic resistance. We found that the frequency of endometrial MAIT cells remained stable throughout the different reproductive stages of the endometrium, and that they exhibited both a more activated state and a tissue-resident phenotype compared to their peripheral counterparts. However, in the transplanted uteri, only MAIT cells positive for the recipients HLA were present within the uterus, suggesting that endometrial MAIT cells are transiently tissue-resident and replenished over time from the circulation. Last, we demonstrated that MAIT cells are functional and respond to N. gonorrhoeae.In study III, we investigated the immune cell characteristics in vaginal blood from women with first trimester pregnancy bleeding and associated findings with pregnancy outcome (miscarriage/ not miscarriage). Saliva and serum proteome was analyzed and correlated to vaginal immune cell phenotype and outcome of pregnancy. We found that vaginal blood contained all main immune cell lineages, and that a higher frequency of tissue-resident CD49a+ NK cells in vaginal blood was associated with pregnancy loss. The frequency of vaginal blood tissue-resident NK cells correlated with levels of several maternal serum proteins.In summary, this thesis provides valuable new insights into reproductive physiology and sheds light on various aspects of the uterine immune system. The findings from this research can be used for future comparisons with reproductive pathological states that may involve altered cytokine and immune cell composition.List of scientific papersI. THE CYTOKINE PROFILE OF MENSTRUAL BLOOD. Crona Guterstam Y, Strunz B, Ivarsson MA, Zimmer C, Melin AS, Jonasson AF, Björkström NK, Gidlöf SB. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2021 Feb;100(2):339-346. https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.13990 II. HUMAN ENDOMETRIAL MAIT CELLS ARE TRANSIENTLY TISSUE RESIDENT AND RESPOND TO NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE. Bister J, Crona Guterstam Y, Strunz B, Dumitrescu B, Haij Bhattarai K, Özenci V, Brännström M, Ivarsson MA, Gidlöf SB, Björkström NK. Mucosal Immunol. 2021 Mar;14(2):357-365. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41385-020-0331-5 III. IMMUNE CELL PROFILING OF VAGINAL BLOOD FROM PATIENTS WITH EARLY PREGNANCY BLEEDING. Crona Guterstam Y, Acharya G, Schott K, Björkström NK, , Gidlöf SB Ivarsson MA. [Submitted]</p
Pragmatic Case Studies as a Source of Unity in Applied Psychology
No full textTo unify or not to unify applied psychology: that is the question. In this article we review pendulum swings in the historical efforts to answer this question—from a comprehensive, positivist, “top-down,” deductive yes between the 1930s and the early 60s, to a postmodern no since then. A rationale and proposal for a limited, “bottom-up,” inductive yes in applied psychology is then presented, employing a case-based paradigm that integrates both positivist and postmodern themes and components. This paradigm is labeled “pragmatic psychology” and, its specific use of case studies, the “Pragmatic Case Study Method” (“PCS Method”). We call for the creation of peer-reviewed journal-databases of pragmatic case studies as a foundational source of unifying applied knowledge in our discipline. As one example, the potential of the PCS Method for unifying different angles of theoretical regard is illustrated in an area of applied psychology, psychotherapy, via the case of Mrs. B. The article then turns to the broader historical and epistemological arguments for the unifying nature of the PCS Method in both applied and basic psychology.Peer reviewe
Dr. Edwin Wright Collection: Author Unknown
No full textNotes - The author relates several short stories about his neighbours including Alex McDonell, homesteading and life around Meanook and Athabasca (1 page
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions B(B0→K∗0γ )/B(B0s→φγ ) and the directCP asymmetry inB 0→K∗0γ
No full textThe ratio of branching fractions of the radiative B decays B0→K⁎0γ and B0s→ϕγ has been measured using an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1 of pp collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of s√=7TeV. The value obtained is
B(B0→K⁎0γ)B(B0s→ϕγ)=1.23±0.06(stat.)±0.04(syst.)±0.10(fs/fd),
where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is the experimental systematic uncertainty and the third is associated with the ratio of fragmentation fractions fs/fd. Using the world average value for B(B0→K⁎0γ), the branching fraction B(B0s→ϕγ) is measured to be (3.5±0.4)×10−5.
The direct CP asymmetry in B0→K⁎0γ decays has also been measured with the same data and found to be
ACP(B0→K⁎0γ)=(0.8±1.7(stat.)±0.9(syst.))%.
Both measurements are the most precise to date and are in agreement with the previous experimental results and theoretical expectations
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Branching fraction and CP asymmetry of the decays B+→K0Sπ+ and B+→K0SK+
No full textAn analysis of B+ → K0
Sπ+ and B+ → K0
S K+ decays is performed with the LHCb experiment. The pp
collision data used correspond to integrated luminosities of 1 fb−1 and 2 fb−1 collected at centre-ofmass
energies of
√
s = 7 TeV and
√
s = 8 TeV, respectively. The ratio of branching fractions and the
direct CP asymmetries are measured to be B(B+ → K0
S K+
)/B(B+ → K0
Sπ+
) = 0.064 ± 0.009 (stat.) ±
0.004 (syst.), ACP(B+ → K0
Sπ+
) = −0.022 ± 0.025 (stat.) ± 0.010 (syst.) and ACP(B+ → K0
S K+
) =
−0.21 ± 0.14 (stat.) ± 0.01 (syst.). The data sample taken at
√
s = 7 TeV is used to search for
B+
c
→ K0
S K+ decays and results in the upper limit ( fc · B(B+
c
→ K0
S K+
))/( fu · B(B+ → K0
Sπ+
)) <
5.8 × 10−2 at 90% confidence level, where fc and fu denote the hadronisation fractions of a ¯b
quark
into a B+
c or a B+ meson, respectively
- …
