14,151 research outputs found
Equivariant K-homology for some Coxeter groups
No full textWe obtain the equivariant K-homology of the classifying space \underline{E}W for W a right-angled or, more generally, an even Coxeter group. The key result is a formula for the relative Bredon homology of \underline{E}W in terms of Coxeter cells. Our calculations amount to the K-theory of the reduced C^*-algebra of W, via the Baum-Connes assembly map
FIGURES 1–6 in Description of a new phlebotomine species (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) and new records of sand flies from the State of Acre, northern Brazil
No full textFIGURES 1–6. Lutzomyia naiffi sp. nov. Holotype male. 1, Head frontal view, Bar: 200 µm. 2, Flagellomere II, Bar: 50 µm. 3, Wing, Bar: 500 µm. 4, Terminalia (a, style; b, coxite; c, paramere; d, lateral lobe; e, pump, genital filaments and aedeagus), Bar: 100 µm. 5, Style in ventral position. 6, Tip of genital filament.Published as part of Teles, Carolina Bioni Garcia, Freitas, Rui Alves & Oliveira, Arley Faria José De, 2013, Description of a new phlebotomine species (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) and new records of sand flies from the State of Acre, northern Brazil, pp. 85-90 in Zootaxa 3609 (1) on page 87, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3609.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/28330
Effect of storage temperature of 10% carbamide peroxide gel on bleaching efficacy and enamel surface roughness
No full textObjective of the study: to evaluate the effect of different storage temperatures of a 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) gel on bleaching efficacy and enamel surface roughness by using bovine incisor specimens (4 x 4 x 3mm) who were randomized and allocated to five study groups (n=10): bleaching with bleaching gel (Whiteness Perfect 10%, FGM) without prior storage (WP, positive control), gels stored for three months at
temperatures of 25ºC (WP 3m25ºC), 35°C (WP 3m35ºC), and 41°C (WP 3m41ºC), and specimens kept in remineralizing solution (NT, negative control). Color analyses (ΔE , ΔE00 and ΔWID) and roughness (Ra, µm) were performed considering the initial time (T1) and 24 hours after the fourteenth day of bleaching (T2)
Política educacional, trabalho docente e alunos da modalidade educação especial: um estudo nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
Get PDFDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação. Programa de Pós-Graduação em EducaçãoNesta pesquisa teve-se por objetivo compreender a organização do trabalho docente na classe comum com os alunos da modalidade Educação Especial matriculados em escolas da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Florianópolis. Para tanto, foram traçados como objetivos específicos: apreender as determinações políticas previstas para o trabalho docente na classe comum com os alunos da modalidade Educação Especial; observar e analisar os elementos constituintes do trabalho docente (planejamento, atividades, conteúdos, materiais/equipamentos/recursos pedagógicos, metodologia, avaliação, organização dos lugares e utilização do tempo) e caracterizar os docentes que atuam nas escolas da rede municipal investigada, assim como os docentes participantes deste estudo. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foram adotados quatro procedimentos metodológicos: balanço da produção acadêmica publicada entre 2002 e 2011; observação em quatro classes do Ensino Fundamental (1º ao 4º ano); entrevistas com os profissionais que atuam nesses lugares e análise de documentos nacionais e municipais editados entre 2001 e 2011. Para a análise documental foram utilizadas as contribuições de Evangelista (2008) e Shiroma, Campos e Garcia (2005). As reflexões relacionadas com a Educação Especial foram traçadas mediante a contribuição de vários interlocutores, entre eles Bueno (2008) e Garcia (2010). As discussões referentes ao trabalho docente se apoiaram nos estudos de Marin (2010), Garcia e Anadon (2009) e Oliveira (2012). Inicialmente, supunha-se que o foco das políticas de Educação Especial de "perspectiva inclusiva" estivesse centrado no trabalho pedagógico desenvolvido pelos profissionais que atuam na classe comum, haja vista que esse contexto é priorizado por tais políticas para a matrícula dos alunos com deficiência, transtornos globais do desenvolvimento (TGD) e altas habilidades/superdotação. A análise dos documentos selecionados e dos dados da observação contribuiu para desconstruir essa hipótese no decorrer do presente trabalho, na medida em que se identificou que as ações das políticas de "perspectiva inclusiva" estão direcionadas para os serviços e profissionais da Educação Especial e não para o trabalho realizado na classe comum. O estudo da documentação também permitiu constatar uma consonância entre a política nacional e municipal de Educação Especial. Nesses dois âmbitos, por exemplo, está prevista a atuação de um segundo profissional na classe comum, contratado para auxiliar os alunos com deficiência e TGD, contudo notou-se a inexistência de uma proposta de trabalho coletivo entre esse profissional e professor regente, o que indica a desarticulação entre o ensino regular e a modalidade Educação Especial. Com o intuito de analisar os dados da observação foram estruturados quatro eixos: planejamento, ação docente, materiais/equipamentos/recursos pedagógicos e lugar/tempo. A partir desses eixos concluiu-se que as políticas de Educação Especial de "perspectiva inclusiva" defendem a matrícula de todos os alunos no ensino regular, porém desqualificam o trabalho pedagógico desenvolvido na classe comum, pois não disponibilizam condições adequadas para o oferecimento de um ensino de qualidade aos alunos da modalidade Educação Especial. Essa situação traz como consequência a precarização das condições de trabalho dos professores que atuam nesse contexto e denuncia a situação de abandono para com a escolarização desses sujeitos.In this research we aimed to understand the organization of the teaching work in a regular classroom with students from Special Education mode, enrolled in the schools from Florianopolis Municipal network. The following specif goals were drawn: to grasp the political determinations provided for teaching in regular class with students of Special Education mode; observe and analyze the constituent elements of teaching (planning, activities, contents, materials / equipment / teaching resources, methodology, evaluation, organization of places and time usage) and characterize the teachers who work in the municipal schools investigated, as well as the teachers participating in this study. To develop this work, four instruments were adopted : balance of academic production published between 2002 and 2011; observation in four classes of elementary school (1st through 4th grade), interviews with professionals who work in these places, and national and municipal document edited between 2001 and 2011 analysis. Contributions from Evangelista (2008) and Shiroma, Campos and Garcia (2005) were used in the document analysis. Reflections related to Special Education were drawn by the contribution of several interlocutors, including Bueno (2008) and Garcia (2010). The discussions related to teaching relied on studies of Marin (2010), Garcia and Anadon (2009) and Oliveira (2012). Initially, it was assumed that the focus of policies for Special Education "inclusive perspective" was centered on pedagogical work developed by professionals working in the common class, given that this context is prioritized by such policies for enrollment of students with disabilities, pervasive developmental disorders (TGD) and high abilities / giftedness. The analysis of selected documents and observation data contributed to deconstruct this hypothesis in the course of this work, as it was identified that the actions of policies of "inclusive perspective" are directed to services and professionals of Special Education and not for the work done in regular class. The study also allowed the documentation to note a consonance between national and local Special Education policy. In these two areas, for example, a second professional is scheduled to work in regular class, hired to assist students with disabilities and TGD, however it was noted the absence of a collective work proposal among this professional conductor and the teacher, which indicates a disconnection between regular education and special education mode. In order to analyze the observation data, four areas were structured : planning, teaching activities, materials / equipment / teaching resources and place / time. These axes made it possible to conclude that the policies of Special Education "inclusive perspective" support the enrollment of all students in regular schools, but disqualify the pedagogical work developed in the regular class, once it does not provide suitable conditions for a good quality teaching towards students in Special Education mode. This situation brings about the precarious working conditions of teachers who work in this context and denounces the situation of abandonment towards the education of these subjects
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
Get PDFThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
Desafios para a pessoa com deficiência nas instâncias de controle democrático
Get PDFTCC (Graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro Socioeconômico. Serviço Social.O presente trabalho tem por objetivo problematizar os desafios para a Pessoa com Deficiência, a partir das instâncias de controle democrático. Para tanto, se considera inicialmente necessário apresentar breves aspectos históricos da pessoa com deficiência na sociedade até a Constituição Federal do Brasil de 1988 até os dias atuais. Em um segundo momento, explicita-se sobre a importância do Controle Social, e a participação popular nas instâncias de controle democrático. Por fim, aborda-se sobre as Conferências Estaduais de Assistência Social do Estado de Santa Catarina, elencando os principais aspectos relacionados à Pessoa com Deficiência. O desenho metodológico do presente estudo se estrutura por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica e análise documental dos relatórios finais das Conferências Estaduais de Assistência Social de Santa Catarina, dos anos de 2009, 2011 e 2013. Para tanto, recorre-se a autores dessa área como: Alves (2013), Bravo (2009; 2012), Coutinho (1999) e Gohn (2000). Os resultados deste estudo apontam que apesar de se ter obtido alguns avanços para a Pessoa com Deficiência, em especial, nos anos de 1980 até os dias atuais, ainda apresenta-se, a partir desta análise, poucos resultados, no que tange a Pessoa com Deficiência. Ainda é preciso avançar em políticas públicas, e inclusive encontrar novos espaços de discussão, para além dos Conselhos e Conferências. Há que se buscar novos debates em outros espaços, como as demais Políticas Públicas que também tem como sua população usuária as pessoas com deficiência no Estado de Santa Catarina
Physalaemus araxa Leal & Zornosa-Torres & Augusto-Alves & Dena & Pezzuti & Leite & Lourenço & Garcia & Toledo 2021, sp. nov.
No full textPhysalaemus araxa sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5F59A249-8820-4EAD-8BDA-9603A8F3B4EE Figs 1–4, 5D, 6–7; Tables 1–6 Physalaemus sp. (aff. maculiventris) – Zornosa-Torres et al. 2020: 4–6, 12–13. Type material Holotype BRAZIL • adult ♂; state of Espírito Santo, municipality of Ibitirama, Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Lagoa da Sombra; 20.421778° S, 41.802500° W; 2505 m a.s.l.; datum WGS84; 5 Oct. 2017; C. Zornosa-Torres, G. Augusto-Alves and S. Dena leg.; ZUEC-AMP 24095. (Figs 1–2; Table 1) Paratypes BRAZIL • 6 adult ♂♂; same collection data as for the holotype; ZUEC-AMP 24094, 24096 to 24100 • 2 adult ♂♂; same locality as for the holotype; 26 Nov. 2014; F.S.F. Leite leg.; UFMG 17250, 17251 • 4 adult ♂♂; state of Minas Gerais, municipality of Alto Caparaó, Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Três Lagoas; 20.430972° S, 41.802611° W; 2505 m a.s.l.; datum WGS84; 10 Oct. 2017; C. Zornosa-Torres, G. Augusto-Alves and S. Dena leg.; ZUEC-AMP 24117 to 24120. Additional material examined BRAZIL • 3 juveniles raised in captivity from wild-collected tadpoles; same locality as for the holotype; 25 Jan. 2018; C. Zornosa-Torres, G. Augusto Alves and C. Nunes de Almeida leg.; ZUEC-AMP 24403 to 24405 • 1 lot of 25 tadpoles; state of Minas Gerais, municipality of Alto Caparaó, Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Três Lagoas; 20.430972° S, 41.802611° W; 2505 m a.s.l.; datum WGS84; 6 Dec. 2017; C. Zornosa-Torres, G. Augusto Alves and R. Santos leg.; ZUEC-AMP 24214. Diagnosis Physalaemus araxa sp. nov. is distinguishable from all congeneric species by having the following combination of character states: (1) presence of an arrow-shaped blotch on the dorsum of the body (Fig. 1A); (2) tarsal tubercle absent (Fig. 2D); (3) gular region and chest predominantly yellow in live individuals, pale cream in preserved specimens (Figs 1B, 3B–C); (4) belly with dark vermiculation pattern on a pale cream, slightly bluish background in live individuals (Figs 1B, 3C); (5) lack of aposematic coloration on ventral surface of hand and foot in live individuals (Fig. 3C); (6) intermediate size within the P. signifer clade (adult male SVL = 17.4–21.5 mm, Table 1); (7) presence of brown, divided, nuptial pad in males (Figs 1A, 2C); (8) supernumerary tubercles on foot absent (Fig. 2D); (9) tarsal fold absent (Fig. 2D); (10) texture of posterior region of belly and ventral surface of thigh smooth (Fig. 1B); (11) advertisement call duration from 69–304 ms (Table 2); (12) tadpole with a proportionally large body BL/TL = 0.39–0.43 (Table 4); (13) dextral vent tube (Fig. 6G); (14) dorsal and ventral fins of the same height (Fig. 6A, H; Table 4); (15) tail tip broadly rounded (Fig. 6A, H); (16) presence of submarginal papillae arranged in small rows; (17) A2 tooth row conspicuously longer than A1 (Fig. 6D); (18) absence of a dermal fold at the body-tail junction; (19) external margins of fins slightly convex (Fig. 6A, H); (20) gular region of tadpole convex. Comparison with other species Physalaemus araxa sp. nov. may be set apart from all the species of the Physalaemus cuvieri clade (sensu Lourenço et al. 2015) by simultaneously having (1) the presence of an arrow-shaped blotch on the dorsum of the body and (2) absence of tarsal tubercle (Leal et al. 2020). (3) The gular region and chest predominantly yellow-colored in live individuals, pale cream in preserved specimens, distinguish the new species from all the other species of the P. signifer clade (gular region and chest predominantly dark brown in live and preserved individuals of those species). Additionally, live individuals of Physalaemus araxa sp. nov. have (4) belly with dark vermiculation on a pale cream, slightly bluish background, distinguishing it from P. angrensis, P. atlanticus, P. nanus, and P. spiniger (belly with flashy orange blotches in those species), from P. maculiventris (which has a pale chest and belly, with posterior region of belly and ventral surface of thigh showing bold black blotches), and from P. obtectus (which has belly with flashy red blotches). (5) The lack of aposematic coloration on ventral surface of hand and foot in live individuals distinguishes the new species from P. angrensis, P. atlanticus, P. spiniger (orange aposematic coloration present on ventral surface of hand and foot in live individuals of those species) and from P. claptoni, P. deimaticus, P. erythros (red aposematic coloration present on ventral surface of hand and foot in live individuals of those species). (6) By having adult males of intermediate size within the P. signifer clade (SVL = 17.4–21.5 mm), P. araxa sp. nov. is set apart from P. bokermanni (which is smaller, SVL = 15.3–17.0 mm) and from P. caete, P. camacan, P. moreirae, P. nattereri, and P. obtectus (which are larger, combined SVL = 22.3–50.6 mm). (7) The presence of a brown, divided, nuptial pad in males distinguishes P. araxa sp. nov. from P. claptoni (which has a nuptial pad not divided) and from P. rupestris (which has a white cream nuptial pad). (8) The lack of supernumerary tubercles on foot distinguishes P. araxa sp. nov. from P. angrensis, P. caete, P. camacan, P. crombiei, P. irroratus, P. moreirae, P. signifer, and P. spiniger (supernumerary tubercles present on the foot in those species). (9) The lack of a tarsal fold distinguishes P. araxa sp. nov. from P. atlanticus, P. bokermanni, P. camacan, P. crombiei, P. irroratus, P. nanus, P. obtectus, P. signifier, and P. spiniger (tarsal fold present in those species). (10) Texture of posterior region of belly and ventral surface of thigh smooth in P. araxa sp. nov. distinguishes it from P. camacan and P. irroratus (posterior region of belly and ventral surface of thigh granulated in those species). (11) The duration of the advertisement call of the new species ranges from 69–304 ms, setting it apart from P. angrensis, P. atlanticus, P. bokermanni, P. caete, P. camacan, P. claptoni P. crombiei, P. moreirae, P. rupestris, and P. signifer (which have longer advertisement calls, combined minimum advertisement call duration from 324–2,130 ms). (12) Tadpoles of P. araxa sp. nov. have a proportionally larger body (BL/TL = 0.39–0.43), differing from those of P. atlanticus, P. bokermanni, P. maculiventris, P. moreirae, and P. spiniger (0.34 in P. atlanticus, 0.35 in P. bokermanni, 0.33 in P. maculiventris, 0.27– 0.37 in P. moreirae, 0.37 in P. signifer, 0.34 in P. spiniger). (13) Tadpoles with dextral vent tube distinguish the new species from P. atlanticus, P. caete, P. camacan, P. nanus, P. rupestris, and P. spiniger (vent tube medial in those species). (14) By presenting dorsal and ventral fins of the same height tadpoles of P. araxa sp. nov. differ from those of P. angrensis, P. atlanticus, P. caete, P. camacan, P. crombiei, P. erythros, P. irroratus, P. moreirae, P. nanus, P. rupestris, P. signifer, and P. spiniger (dorsal fin higher than ventral one in those species) and from P. caete (which has dorsal fin lower than ventral one). (15) The broadly rounded tail tip also differs tadpoles of P. araxa sp. nov. from most species of the P. signifer clade, such as P. atlanticus, P. bokermanni, P. caete, P. camacan, P. crombiei, P. maculiventris, P. spiniger (tail tip pointed in those species) and P. angrensis, P. erythros, P. irroratus, P. moreirae, P. nanus, P. rupestris, P. signifier (tail tip nearly rounded in those species). (16) Tadpoles presenting submarginal papillae arranged in small rows set P. araxa sp. nov. apart from the remaining species of the P. signifer clade (which have submarginal papillae scattered in the lateral portions of the oral disc), except from P. erythros which has a similar condition. (17) The A2 tooth row conspicuously longer than A1 distinguishes tadpoles of P. araxa sp. nov. from those of P. atlanticus, P. bokermanni, P. camacan, P. erythros, P. maculiventris, and P. moreirae (A1 = A 2 in those species) and from P. angrensis, P. caete, and P. spiniger (A1> A 2 in those species). Additionally, tadpoles of P. araxa sp. nov. also differ from those of P. maculiventris by (18) the absence of a dermal fold at the body-tail junction (dermal fold present in P. maculiventris), by (19) the external margins of the fins slightly convex (fins markedly convex in P. maculiventris) and by (20) the gular region convex (gular region straight in P. maculiventris). Etymology The specific epithet ʻ araxa ʼ, is the combination of the Tupi-Guarani indigenous language words ʻaraʼ (meaning ʻworldʼ) and ʻeçaʼ (meaning ʻto seeʼ) meaning ʻthe first place where the sun can be seenʼ, in reference to the sunshine view on the top of hills (Chiaradia 2008). Also used to indicate the highest mountain in a landscape. That is the specific case of the type locality of Physalaemus araxa sp. nov., found on the mountaintop of the highest hill of the Atlantic forest. Description Holotype (ZUEC-AMP 24095) Adult male (Figs 1–2), SVL 21.0 mm. Head slightly wider than long. Head width 38.0% SVL and length 36.0% SVL. Snout rounded in dorsal view and rounded to truncated in lateral view (Fig. 2A– B). Canthus rostralis distinct, rounded; loreal region slightly concave. Snout protruding beyond lower jaw. Nostril dorsolaterally oriented, faintly protruding. Internarial region flat; top of the head slightly concave. Eye slightly prominent, anterolaterally oriented, its diameter 5% larger than END. Tympanum indistinct externally. Supratympanic fold distinct, thick, extending from the posterior corner of the eye to the shoulder. Dentigerous process of vomer absent. Premaxillary and maxillary teeth absent. Choanae rounded, separated from each other by a distance as large as four times its diameter. Tongue elongated, constricted on its anterior third, wider on its posterior half, free around lateral and posterior margin. Vocal slit present, longitudinal, originating on the sides of the tongue in its anterior third, and extending towards the corner of the mouth. Vocal sac single and subgular, faintly differentiated externally. Dorsolateral fold present, weakly distinct, from the posterior corner of the eye to the inguinal region. Forearm hypertrophied in relation to upper arm; upper arm slender, short. Fingers thick, without webs, relative lengths I <II = III <IV; finger tips not expanded. Proximal subarticular tubercles large, simple, prominent, and rounded; distal subarticular tubercles present on fingers III and IV, approximately of the same size as the proximal ones; supernumerary tubercles large, rounded, low, more distinct in the left hand. Inner and outer metacarpal tubercles ovoid, large, prominent. Nuptial pad divided, densely covered by dark keratinized spicules, present on the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the thumb (except for the distal phalange) and on the internal surface of the internal metacarpal tubercle. Tibia length 39% SVL; foot length 60% SVL. Toes thick, without webs, relative lengths I <II = V <III <IV; toe tips not expanded. Subarticular tubercles distinct, simple, prominent, and rounded; supernumerary tubercles absent. Tarsal fold absent; tarsal tubercle absent. Inner metatarsal tubercle distinct, ovoid; outer metatarsal tubercle distinct, rounded. Inguinal gland well developed, oval. Cloacal opening directed posteriorly at upper level of thighs. Region below the cloaca with low and faintly distinct tubercles scattered, encroaching the thighs on its posteroventral edge, where tubercles become increasingly less distinct. In preservative, texture of ventral, lateral, hidden, and dorsal surfaces are smooth. Measurements of the holotype in Table 1. Color of the holotype preserved in alcohol 70% In preservative (Figs 1–2), dorsal background color of the body, head, and limbs dark brown. All dorsal blotches dark brown, darker than background color. Interorbital blotch triangular-shaped, one vertex over each eyelid, the third vertex connected with the tip of an arrow-shaped blotch medially located on the dorsum of the body. Middle of the arrow-head with a small light spot, posterior portion of the arrow extends transversely towards each inguinal gland. Urostyle region bears a longitudinal blotch with anterior margin poorly defined, centered by a longitudinal light blotch. Some poorly defined and irregularly shaped small blotches scattered through dorsal surfaces of head and body. Inguinal gland ca 90% covered by a black ocellus. Dorsal surfaces of thigh, tibia, and foot with transversal blotches. Many white dots scattered throughout dorsal surface of body and limbs, mainly outlining the more distinct blotches and the black ocelli over the inguinal gland. Heel, anterior part of knee, and forearm with a black blotch. Upper arm with a longitudinal black blotch covering its posterior surface and the elbow. Dorsolateral black blotches, dorsally outlined by small white dots, extending from the posterior margin of the eye through the supra tympanic fold and reaching the second third of the flank. Elongated black blotches extends from the tip off the snout to the eye, passing over the nostril and canthus rostralis. Irregularly shaped black blotches on the loreal region and upper lip. Region between eyes and the insertion of the arms, pale cream. Ventral surfaces of the limbs brown with scattered light spots; ventrolateral edge of forearm with a black blotch over glandular tissue. Black blotch above the cloaca, dorsally outlined by small white spots, curved down toward the back of the thighs. Gular region and chest predominantly pale cream, stained with very small dark dots. Ventral border of mandible brown colored, without distinct blotches. Belly with dark vermiculation pattern on a pale cream background. Iris dark brown with a faintly visible black vermiculation; pupil black and horizontal. Color in life Gular region, chest, axillary region, lower border of anterior half of the flanks, and region between eyes and the insertion of the arms yellow (Fig. 3B–D). Inguinal region pink posteriorly to the black ocelli and yellow around its anterior edge (Fig. 3A, C–D). Ventral surface of limbs pinkish brown (Fig. 3C). Background color of belly pale cream, slightly bluish (Fig. 3C). Overall dorsal background and blotches coloration varying from brownish to greenish, background color with some sparkled areas of cream and orange brown. Variation Measurements and proportions of 13 adult males are presented in Table 1. In life, color of dorsal background of head, body, and limbs may vary from pale yellow to dark brown; some individuals had these areas, as well as the region between eyes and the insertion of the arms, stained by pinkish coloration in different levels of area size and color intensity. Yellow coloration present on gular region, chest, axillary region, lower border of anterior half of the flanks, and the region between eyes and the insertion of the arms may vary in intensity. Ventral surface of thigh may be pinkish. White dots outlining dorsal blotches may vary in size and number, forming distinct lines in some individuals; these white dots/lines may be greenish in live individuals. Few individuals have dorsal pattern weakly distinct in life and in preservative. Dorsal arrow-shaped blotch may present interruptions and be slightly irregularly shaped. Irregularly shaped small blotches scattered across dorsal surfaces of head and body may vary in number, size, shape, position, and distinctness from the background. Background color of belly may be bluish in different intensities. Brown coloration of the ventral border of mandible is more visible in fixed specimens, after the yellow coloration has faded. In fixed specimens it varies from occupying just the edge of the mandible to the anterior half of gular region. Tympanum may be slightly discernible externally in some individuals. Snout may be rounded in lateral view. Dorsum of the head, body, thighs, and tibiae may be slightly rugose. Dark superficial keratinized layer of the nuptial pad may be peeled; however, nuptial pad remains visible. Advertisement and aggressive call We identified two call types, the advertisement and an aggressive call (of undetermined specific function, see Toledo et al. 2015). Both the advertisement (n = 386 calls from seven individuals) and aggressive calls (n = 43 calls from four individuals) presented a pulsed structure. They differentiate from each other mainly by the call duration, note rate, and the context in which the recordings were obtained (advertisement calls recorded in the field and aggressive calls recorded from the aqua-terrarium). The advertisement calls had variable number of notes (1–3), frequency, and amplitude of notes varying in the call (Fig. 4; Table 2). These calls seemed to be composed of a harmonic structure, but the harmonics were not clear in most of the calls. The most common advertisement call structure was that with 3 notes (exhibited in 63.63% of calls, 34.1% had two notes and 2.27% had only one note) with the dominant frequency in the second note (48.64% of the calls, 35.13% of calls had the dominant frequency in the third note and 16.21% in the first note). This call was emitted at rate of 0.87–2.04 calls/second, lasting between 0.07 to 0.3 seconds, with a dominant frequency of 0.94–2.63 kHz (average of 1.7 kHz ± 0.31 SD). On the other hand, we analyzed 1306 aggressive call notes from four males (Fig. 5; Table 3). These calls were emitted by males close to other calling males, but it was not possible to determine a specific function (e.g., territorial, encounter or fighting calls). Aggressive calls were organized in groups of 9–118 notes, lasting 4.73–53.46 seconds, longer than advertisement calls, and with a dominant frequency of 1.59–2.30 kHz. Tadpole Maximum total length 28.2 mm, at stage 37. Body depressed (BH/BW = 0.73–0.85; Fig. 6A–B, H), 0.39–0.43 times TL; in dorsal view, ovoid with well-marked lateral constrictions at the spiracle level; in lateral view, ventral contour convex in gular and abdominal regions, with a well-defined constriction slightly anterior to the spiracle level. Snout truncated in lateral view and obtuse in dorsal view (BWN/ BWE = 0.71–0.75). Nostrils elliptical, small (ND/BL = 0.02–0.02), dorsally located, anterodorsally directed, slightly closer to the tip of snout than to the eyes (NSD/ESD = 0.38–0.44); presence of a continuous and elevated marginal rim, with a small fleshy projection on the medial portion (Fig. 6E). Eyes dorsally located (IOD/BWE = 0.55–0.64), dorsolaterally directed, 0.20–0.25 times BWE. Spiracle sinistral, lateral, visible in dorsal and ventral views (SVD/BH = 0.47–0.60), posterodorsally directed, short (SL/BL = 0.08–0.10), opening at the middle third of the body (SSD/BL = 0.55–0.58); inner wall fused to the body, with its distal portion as a slight ridge (Fig. 6F). Vent tube dextral, posteriorly directed, short (VTL/BL = 0.07–0.10), with a large opening, fused to the ventral fin, and positioned at its ventral margin (Fig. 6G). Tail moderately high, with about the same height as the body (MTH/BH = 0.95–1.00); tail musculature slender (TMH/BH = 0.29–0.39), straight, not reaching the broadly rounded tip of tail. Dorsal and ventral fins about the same height (DFH/TAL = 0.11–0.14; VFH/TAL = 0.11–0.14), with the external margins slightly convex. Dorsal fin emerging on the posterior third of the body at a moderate sloping (DFIA = 15–17°); maximum height at the middle third of the tail. Oral disc medium-sized (ODW/ BW = 0.31–0.35, measured with oral disc closed), anteroventrally positioned (ODP = 33–43°), laterally emarginated (Fig. 6D); single row of conical and alternate marginal papillae interrupted anteriorly by a wide anterior gap (AGL/ODW = 0.58–0.60); few (3–4) small submarginal papillae arranged in a small row at the supra-angular region and other (1–3) aligned at the fold of the oral disc emargination. Labial tooth row formula (LTRF) 2(2)/3(1); A2, frequently irregular at the lateral portions, longer than A1, which is irregular along its length; P1 and P2 equal in length, slightly longer than P3; jaw sheaths wide, finely serrated on the margins (about 36 serrations on the upper sheath), upper jaw sheath M-shaped and lower jaw sheath V-shaped. Stitches of lateral line system not distinct; nerves of the ventral body-line and longitudinal oral line evident laterally, and nerves of dorsal and middle lines in the posterior portion of body. Intestinal tube circularly coiled (Fig. 6C), switchback point slightly dislocated from the center of the abdominal region. Measurements are shown in Table 4. Tadpole coloration In preservative, body densely covered by dark brown melanophores, except the gular region, which is pale (Fig. 6A–C); intestine tube barely visible, almost covered by melanophores; rectus abdominis visible from the region of posterior limbs to the peribranchial region; distal portion of spiracle not pigmented. Tail musculature cream, homogeneously pigmented by melanophores; fins translucent, finely reticulated with filiform melanophores mainly the dorsal fin. In life, body dark brown, finely speckled with iridophores (Fig. 6H); spiracle translucent; venter cream in the gular and abdominal regions; iris black with golden dots scattered and a narrow golden rim surrounding the pupil. Tail musculature cream, homogeneously covered with melanophores except by few small, depigmented areas; fins translucent, finely reticulated with filiform melanophores and golden dots; dorsal fin more pigmented than ventral fin. Karyotype The diploid chromosomal complement of P. araxa sp. nov. is composed of 22 chromosomes, with 8 pairs of metacentric chromosomes (1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10; pairs 2 and 7 are at the threshold between metacentric and submetacentric classification), 2 pairs of subme
Silvopastoral systems with Tifton-85 grass and tropical fruit trees.
No full texthe Midwest region?s weather is characterized by high temperatures, rainfall and sun radiation for 6 months of the year. Although the vegetal production is stimulated by high availability of growth factors, the animal production is harmed by heat stress in livestock, mainly dairy cattle (Alves et al, 2012)
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA GESTÃO DE DESIGN EM GRUPOS PRODUTIVOS DE PEQUENO PORTE NO SETOR DA MARICULTURA: o caso AMPROSUL
Get PDFDissertação - Giselle Schmidt Alves Díaz MerinoO papel da Gestão de Design em organizações, especificamente em grupos produtivos de pequeno porte no setor da maricultura, atentando para a evidência da sua contribuição nos aspectos de competitividade, diferenciação e sustentabilidade é o foco central desta pesquisa. Esta abordagem não foi encontrada na literatura, na qual foi identificado um potencial crescimento do setor, que se apresenta como promissor, tanto em geração de renda, quanto na produção de alimentos. A Gestão de Design definida como uma forma de coordenar e articular os recursos existentes numa determinada organização visando uma melhoria na competitividade, diferenciação e sustentabilidade, pode ser uma alternativa para o desenvolvimento da maricultura. Os procedimentos utilizados foram numa primeira etapa de revisão da literatura e numa segunda etapa caracterizado por um estudo de caso, que envolveu observação, entrevistas, formulários e questionários. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que a Gestão de Design contribui para a valorização de empreendimentos desta natureza potencializando sua competitividade, diferenciação e sustentabilidade. Foram identificadas fragilidades no que se refere à organização, ao processo produtivo e principalmente a forma de contato dos produtos com os consumidores. Neste sentido, foram definidas e implementadas ações, dentre elas o desenvolvimento de uma identidade visual, estratégias de divulgação e promoção através de um site, vídeo institucional e embalagens, sob um enfoque operacional no desenvolvimento e um enfoque estratégico na condução
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