10,789 research outputs found
Ultra Low Carbon Vehicles: New Parameters for Automotive Design
No full textAs the influence of vehicle emissions on our environment has become better understood, the UK government has recently placed urgent emphasis on the implementation of low carbon
technologies in the automotive industry through: the UK Low Carbon Industrial Strategy. The overall objective is to offer big incentives to consumers and support for the development of infrastructure and engineering solutions. This scheme however does not consider how the development of functional and experiential user value might drive consumer demand, contributing to the adoption of low carbon vehicles (LCVs) in the mass market.
With the emergence of the North East of England as the UK’s first specialised region for the development of ultra-low carbon vehicles (ULCVs), ONE North East, as a development agency for the region's economic and business development, and Northumbria University Ideas-lab have supported a project to facilitate innovation through the collaboration of technology, research and development (R&D) and business. The High Value Low Carbon (HVLC) project aims to envisage
new user value made possible by the integration of low carbon vehicle platforms with new process and network technologies. The HVLC consortium represents vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers as well as technology based companies and through an ongoing process of design concept generation the project offers a hub for innovation led enterprise.
Whilst new technological developments in areas such as power generation, nano materials, hydrogen fuel cells, printed electronics and networked communications will all impact on future automotive design, the mass adoption of low carbon technologies represents a paradigm shift for the motorist. This paper aims to describe how the mapping of new parameters will lead to new transport scenarios that will create the space for new collaborative research on user experiences supported by innovative technologies and related services
Search for B+ -> (D+K0) and B+ -> (D+K0) decays
No full textWe report a search for the rare decays B+ -> (D+K0) and B+ -> D+K*(0) in an event sample of approximately 465 x 10(6) B (B) over bar pairs collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. We find no significant evidence for either mode and we set 90% probability upper limits on the branching fractions of B(B+ -> (D+K0)) D+K*(0)) < 3.0 x 10(-6
Impact of high-speed rail on income inequalities in Italy
No full textThis paper investigates the effects of high-speed rail (HSR) on household income inequalities in Italy at the
province level. Gini index, both including and excluding rent expenses, is used as dependent variable to evaluate
the effects of the policy in the timeframe 2003–2019. Two-way fixed-effects model is employed to measure the
relationship, while augmented synthetic control with staggered treatment adoption, and staggered difference-in-
differences explore the sensitivity of results. Main findings suggest a general reduction of inequalities among the
provinces receiving HSR treatment, but the effect is not long-lasting many years over the policy outset. Het-
erogeneities arise depending on whether the station is basic-type or multimodal, and whether the treated
province is core or intermediate. Small-sized provinces particularly benefited from the HSR introduction,
showing a clear potential to pursue economic convergence objectives. Mechanisms analysis shows that HSR
induced the reduction of household income inequalities by positively influencing per capita GDP and employment levels
Branching fraction and CP asymmetry of the decays B+→K0Sπ+ and B+→K0SK+
No full textAn analysis of B+ → K0
Sπ+ and B+ → K0
S K+ decays is performed with the LHCb experiment. The pp
collision data used correspond to integrated luminosities of 1 fb−1 and 2 fb−1 collected at centre-ofmass
energies of
√
s = 7 TeV and
√
s = 8 TeV, respectively. The ratio of branching fractions and the
direct CP asymmetries are measured to be B(B+ → K0
S K+
)/B(B+ → K0
Sπ+
) = 0.064 ± 0.009 (stat.) ±
0.004 (syst.), ACP(B+ → K0
Sπ+
) = −0.022 ± 0.025 (stat.) ± 0.010 (syst.) and ACP(B+ → K0
S K+
) =
−0.21 ± 0.14 (stat.) ± 0.01 (syst.). The data sample taken at
√
s = 7 TeV is used to search for
B+
c
→ K0
S K+ decays and results in the upper limit ( fc · B(B+
c
→ K0
S K+
))/( fu · B(B+ → K0
Sπ+
)) <
5.8 × 10−2 at 90% confidence level, where fc and fu denote the hadronisation fractions of a ¯b
quark
into a B+
c or a B+ meson, respectively
Measurement of the CKM angle gamma from a combination of B->Dh analyses
No full textA combination of three LHCb measurements of the CKM angle gamma is presented. The decays B->DK and B->Dpi are used, where D denotes an admixture of D0 and D0-bar mesons, decaying into K+K-, pi+pi-, K+-pi-+, K+-pi-+pi+-pi-+, KSpi+pi-, or KSK+K- final states. All measurements use a dataset corresponding to 1.0 fb-1 of integrated luminosity. Combining results from B->DK decays alone a best-fit value of gamma = 72.0 deg is found, and confidence intervals are set gamma in [56.4,86.7] deg at 68% CL, gamma in [42.6,99.6] deg at 95% CL. The best-fit value of gamma found from a combination of results from B->Dpi decays alone, is gamma = 18.9 deg, and the confidence intervals gamma in [7.4,99.2] deg or [167.9,176.4] deg at 68% CL, are set, without constraint at 95% CL. The combination of results from B->DK and B->Dpi decays gives a best-fit value of gamma = 72.6 deg and the confidence intervals gamma in [55.4,82.3] deg at 68% CL, gamma in [40.2,92.7] deg at 95% CL are set. All values are expressed modulo 180 deg, and are obtained taking into account the effect of D0-D0bar mixing
Results from B Factories
No full textRecent results from B factories are reviewed. A summary of measurements related to the angles and sides of
the CKM Unitarity Triangle is shown. Measurements of rare B decays, sensitive to new physics processes, as well
as the recent evidence for neutral D meson mixing, are also reported
How does labor supply react to different tax rates? A field inquiry
No full textParticipants (96 students) were divided into three groups. Subjects in Group 1 were asked their labor supply, being their income burdened by a 25% tax rate. Then they were asked their labor supply if the tax rate were 40%. Subjects in G2 were asked their labor supply with a 25% tax rate, and subjects in G3 with a 40% tax rate. We first compared labor supplies within G1; then we compared labor supplies between G2 and G3. Finally we compared the two comparisons. In G1, subjects' labor supply is different, negatively related with the tax rate: this is probably due to how the questions are put, which suggest different answers. In fact, comparing G2 and G3, the labor supply is almost the same. Students who are part-time workers and students who are not supply different amounts of labor. There is no difference at all when comparing G2 and G3 as for non-working students, being the whole difference between G2 and G3 due to working students, who probably compare the tax rate they pay on their real income to the ones suggested in the questionnaire. Singling out non-biased responders, i.e. non-working students in G2 and G3, the tax rate on income, if given, independently of its level, does not influence the labor supply.labour supply, taxation, individual behaviour
Measurement of sigma (pp -> bbX) at √s=7 TeV in the forward region
No full textDecays of b hadrons into final states containing a D-0 meson and a muon are used to measure the bb; production cross-section in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV at the LHC. In the pseudorapidity interval 2 < eta < 6 and integrated over all transverse momenta we find that the average cross-section to produce b-flavoured or b-flavoured hadrons is (75.3 +/- 5.4 +/- 13.0) mu b
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