10 research outputs found
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Ikatan Kimia Digital Berbasis Learning Cycle 5 Fase
No full textABSTRAK ABSTRAK Rohma, Alisya. 2017. Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Ikatan Kimia Digital Berbasis Learning Cycle 5 Fase. Skripsi,. Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Malang. Pembimbing: (I) Dr. Munzil, S.Pd., M.Si., (II) Drs. Parlan, M.Si. Kata kunci : bahan ajar digital, ikatan kimia, learning cycle 5 fase, model 4-D Ikatan kimia merupakan salah satu materi yang ada dalam kurikulum SMA kelas X. Ikatan kimia mengkaji gaya atau energi yang menahan atom-atom agar tetap bersama dalam senyawa kimia. Sebagian besar tingkat pemahaman siswa pada materi ikatan kimia cukup rendah sehingga menyebabkan rendahnya hasil belajar siswa. Rendahnya hasil belajar materi ikatan kimia dapat disebabkan oleh (1) sebagian besar konsep materi ikatan kimia bersifat abstrak (2) kurangnya keterlibatan siswa dalam mengkonstruk konsep secara mandiri, siswa cenderung pasif dan menghafal, serta (3) kurangnya variasi bahan ajar. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan siswa dalam mengkonstruk konsep secara mandiri adalah dengan menerapkan pembelajaran yang menitikberatkan pada keaktifan berpikir siswa. Salah satu model pembelajaran yang menekankan keaktifan siswa adalah learning cycle 5 fase. Dalam mempelajari materi ikatan kimia siswa dituntut untuk memahami tiga representasi kimia yaitu makroskopik, submiskroskopik dan simbolik. Oleh karena itu diperlukan bahan ajar yang mampu memvisualisasikan ketiga representasi kimia. Bahan ajar yang mampu memvisualisasikan ketiga karakteristik kimia salah satunya adalah bahan ajar digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan bahan ajar ikatan kimia digital berbasis learning cycle 5 fase yang valid dan layak. Pengembangan bahan ajar ikatan kimia digital berbasis learning cycle 5 fase menggunakan Four-D Model (4D Model) yang dikembangkan oleh Thiagarajan. Tahap-tahap yang dilakukan dalam model 4-D ini, yaitu tahap pendefinisian (define), perancangan (design), pengembangan (develop), dan penyebaran (disseminate), tetapi pengembangan ini hanya dilakukan sampai tahap pengembangan. Penilaian terhadap produk pengembangan dilakukan melalui validasi dan uji coba kelompok kecil. Validasi bahan ajar digital dilakukan oleh 1 orang dosen kimia yang merupakan ahli pembelajaran kimia, dan ahli materi serta 1 orang guru mata pelajaran kimia sebagai ahli lapangan. Uji coba kelompok kecil dilakukan pada 15 orang siswa SMA kelas X MIA 3 di SMA Negeri 1 Kepanjen. Data hasil penelitian berupa data kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian pengembangan ini berupa bahan ajar ikatan kimia digital berbasis learning cycle 5 fase. Hasil validasi yang diperoleh dari aspek pembelajaran sebesar 86,91%, dari aspek materi (isi) sebesar 92,04 %, dan dari ahli lapangan sebesar 89,57%. Secara umum persentase rata-rata kelayakan bahan ajar ikatan kimia digital berbasis Learning Cycle 5 fase sebesar 89,50%. Pada uji coba kelompok kecil, bahan ajar digital yang telah dikembangkan memperoleh skor penilaian rata-rata 87,01% yang memenuhi kriteria kelayakan sehingga dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran maupun secara mandiri oleh siswa
Peningkatan Konduktivitas Ionik Polimer Elektrolit Padat PEO/LiClO4 dengan Penambahan Epoksi
No full textPolimer elektrolit padat (PEP) digunakan sebagai pengganti elektrolit cair untuk meningkatkan keamanan baterai ion lithium. Poliethylene oxide (PEO) memiliki kelarutan tinggi dalam garam lithium, stabilitas kimia dan termal yang baik sehingga cocok digunakan sebagai PEP. Namun, PEO sebagai polimer elektrolit padat memiliki konduktivitas ionik yang rendah yaitu 10-6-10-8 S/cm, sehingga perlu dimodifikasi untuk meningkatkan konduktivitas ioniknya. Penambahan konsentrasi garam LiClO4 sebagai sumber ion lithium dilakukan untuk mengurangi kristalinitas sehingga konduktivitas ionik polimer elektrolit padat meningkat. Epoksi ditambahkan untuk meningkatkan konduktivitas ionik dan kekuatan mekanik PEP. Polimer elektrolit padat diperoleh melalui metode solution casting. Uji karakteristik PEP dilakukan melalui FTIR, XRD, dan DSC. Konduktivitas ionik PEP diuji menggunakan EIS. Variasi konsentrasi garam pada PEP PEO/LiClO4 diperoleh konduktivitas ionik maksimum pada persen berat LiClO4 20% yaitu sebesar 9,23×10-5 S/cm. Penambahan epoksi sebanyak 5% kedalam PEP PEO/LiClO4 20% menunjukkan konduktivitas ionik tertinggi yaitu sebesar 2,90×10-4 S/cm. Penambahan epoksi membuktikan bahwa terjadi kenaikan konduktivitas ionik karena sifat perekat pada epoksi memberikan kontak yang efisien dengan elektroda.
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Solid polymer electrolyte (PEP) is used to replace liquid electrolytes to increase the safety of lithium-ion batteries. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) has a high solubility in lithium salts, good chemical and thermal stability, making it suitable for use as a solid polymer electrolyte. However, PEO as a solid polymer electrolyte has a low ionic conductivity of 10-6-10-8 S/cm, so it needs to be modified. The addition of the salt concentration of LiClO4 as a source of lithium ions was carried out to reduce the crystallinity so that the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte polymer increased. Epoxy resin is added to increase the mechanical strength of the PEP. Solid electrolyte polymer is obtained by the solution casting method. PEP characterization was obtained through FTIR, XRD, and DSC tests. PEP ion conductivity was tested using EIS. The variation of salt concentration in PEP PEO/LiClO4 obtained maximum ionic conductivity at 20 wt% LiClO4, 9.23 × 10-5 S/cm. The addition of 5% epoxy into 20% PEO/LiClO4 PEP showed the highest ionic conductivity of 2.90×10-4 S/cm. The addition of epoxy proves an increase in ionic conductivity due to the adhesive properties of the epoxy providing efficient contact with the electrodes
Pellets, Stones, and Contemporary Kashmiri Women\u27s Resistance: A Politics Beyond Respectability
No full textThis thesis seeks to explain, via four key reasons, the shifting role that women have played in the self-determination movement in Kashmir over time. It focuses on the rise of young women in stone-pelting protests, analyzed through the lens of recent events that have triggered protests, the role of Islamism with regards to women in Kashmir, and the role of young women in the conflict generation. More importantly, the author analyzes the protests of women who have lost family members to enforced disappearances at the hands of the state. It is found that these women use a political strategy that upholds the politics of respectability and relies on the visual, which young women in stone pelting protests also rely on to highlight their cause
Pentingnya Pendidikan Ekonomi untuk Terwujudnya Pengelolaan Keuangan Rumah Tangga yang Baik
Get PDFAn author had watched a phonemenon, that is a complaint of ladies community which was caused by their husbands’ misunderstanding in managing an economy household. Finally there was nervousness, commotion and misharmony in a family. Watching that phenomenon made the author think that economics education is very important to change a character and behavior in order to be able to manage the household economy well. There are some theories about a needs related to management of household economy, one of those theories is a theory of Maslow. According to this theory, a fulfillment of household needs must be done by priority scale. It is not suggested to fulfill a higher need while a lower need has not neen fulfilled. If that case can be implemented well, it wauld be a factor in forming a family of Sakinah mawaddah wa rohma
TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES IN INDONESIAN TRANSLATION OF LEGAL TERMS IN PENAL REFORM AND GENDER (INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR PRISON STUDIES) ISSUED BY UNITED NATION
Get PDFABSTRACT This thesis has two objectives: first, it is aimed to know the legal terms found in the gender and SSR Toolkit entitled Penal Reform and Gender (Internatonal Centre for Prison Studies) issued by United Nations. Second, it is aimed to explain the techniques used by the translator for those legal terms found in the gender and SSR Toolkit entitled Penal Reform and Gender (Internatonal Centre for Prison Studies) issued by United Nations. In analyzing the data, the researcher uses type of legal terms (Hughes & Alcaraz, 2002: 16-18) and technique of translation (Molina and Albir, 2002:509). It is found that there are 100 legal terms found in the data. The semi technical or mix terms has the highest number with 72 terms. It happens because this toolkit is not only talking about the prison or the legal system in the world but also it is talking about the society that gets influenced by the system. So the author of the toolkit combines or mixes some terms for explaining the issues. The purely technical terms becomes the second with 15 terms. Those terms are not used outside the branch of law unless stylistically marked. Then, everyday vocabulary frequently found in legal texts is the third. It has 12 words. Those vocabularies are words or phrases regularly and primarily used in common speech but they are often found in the legal text. The second finding is the translation technique. In this time, there are eleven strategies used by the translator in translating English legal terms into Indonesian. It includes the use of established equivalent, calque, transposition, borrowing, description, discursive creation, modulation, amplification, reduction, globalization and linguistic amplification
Implementasi Pemenuhan Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Penerapan Deportasi Orang Asing di Wilayah Kerja Kantor Imigrasi Kelas III Non TPI Pamekasan
Get PDFThis article was created to find out about the implementation of Immigration Administrative Actions by the Class III Pamekasan Immigration Office in the form of deportation in accordance with legal regulations and human rights principles. Deportation is an act of forcing foreigners to leave Indonesian territory. Even with coercive measures, the deportation procedure must be in accordance with regulations and must not violate human rights. The author uses a qualitative descriptive method in this study. The final results in this study indicate that the implementation of Immigration Administrative Actions (TAK) has been carried out without harming human values and still prioritizing rules, based on Law no. 6 of 2011 concerning Immigration and Law of the Republic of Indonesia no. 39 concerning Human Rights
Paria Sebagai Sumber Ide Motif Bordir pada Busana Pesta
Get PDFTujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan hasil jadi penerapan hiasan bordir dari stilasi tumbuhan paria pada busana pesta wanita. Menggunakan metode Double Model yang terdiri dari Discover, Define, Develop and Deliver. Sebagai awal pembahasan penulis memilih sumber ide Paria, yang merupakan tokoh Putri Samba Paria dari cerita rakyat daerah Mandar, Sulawesi Barat. Putri Samba Paria tinggal disebuah gubuk didalam hutan, disekitar gubuk tersebut dikelilingi tumbuhan Paria. Tahap berikutnya menentukan desain dan kriteria desain sesuai sumber ide, dan akan dibahas pada tahap Define dengan teori FEA (function, aesthetic, expressive). Dengan memilih hiasan bordir, terinspirasi dari tanaman paria yang distilasi kedalam bentuk baru. Busana pesta ini memiliki fungsi sebagai busana yang dikenakan pada acara pesta siang. Siluet yang diterapkan pada busana pesta yakni siluet I dengan model rok mermaid, untuk menunjukkan kesan feminim. Hasil dapat terlihat dari desain busana pesta yang mewah, kain yang berkualitas yaitu kain satin halus dan ringan, kemewahan terpancar dari kain yang berkilau. Hiasan dan bahan dari hiasan juga memiliki bentuk dan jenis yang berkualitas. Dilihat dari proses busana yang diwujudkan memiliki proses eksklusif. Dari hasil tersebut diperlukannya tingkat eksplorasi yang kreatif dan inovatif lagi dalam mewujudkan ragam hias untuk melestarikan budaya yang ada di Indonesia.
This study aims to describe the results of applying embroidered decorations from pariah plant distillation to women's party fashion. Using the Double Model method consisting of Discover, Define, Develop and Deliver. At the beginning of the discussion, the author chose the source of paria ideas, which is the figure of Putri Samba Paria from the folklore of Mandar, West Sulawesi. Princess Samba Paria lives in a hut in the forest, around a place surrounded by Paria plants. The next stage determines the design and design criteria according to the source of the idea and will be discussed in the Define phase with FEA theory (function, aesthetic, expressive). By choosing embroidered decoration inspired by pariah plants that are distilled into a new form. This party fashion functions as a fashion worn at the day party event. The silhouette applied to the party fashion is a silhouette with a mermaid skirt model to show the impression of femininity. The results can be seen in the luxurious party fashion design, quality fabrics, delicate and light satin fabrics, and luxury radiated from sparkling fabrics. Decorations and materials from decorations also have a quality shape and type. Judging from the fashion process, that is realized has a complete circle. From these results, a creative and innovative level of exploration is needed again in learning ornamental varieties to preserve the existing culture in Indonesia.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan hasil jadi penerapan hiasan bordir dari stilasi tumbuhan paria pada busana pesta wanita. Menggunakan metode Double Model yang terdiri dari Discover, Define, Develop and Deliver. Sebagai awal pembahasan penulis memilih sumber ide Paria, yang merupakan tokoh Putri Samba Paria dari cerita rakyat daerah Mandar, Sulawesi Barat. Putri Samba Paria tinggal disebuah gubuk didalam hutan, disekitar gubuk tersebut dikelilingi tumbuhan Paria. Tahap berikutnya menentukan desain dan kriteria desain sesuai sumber ide, dan akan dibahas pada tahap Define dengan teori FEA (function, aesthetic, expressive). Dengan memilih hiasan bordir, terinspirasi dari tanaman paria yang distilasi kedalam bentuk baru. Busana pesta ini memiliki fungsi sebagai busana yang dikenakan pada acara pesta siang. Siluet yang diterapkan pada busana pesta yakni siluet I dengan model rok mermaid, untuk menunjukkan kesan feminim. Hasil dapat terlihat dari desain busana pesta yang mewah, kain yang berkualitas yaitu kain satin halus dan ringan, kemewahan terpancar dari kain yang berkilau. Hiasan dan bahan dari hiasan juga memiliki bentuk dan jenis yang berkualitas. Dilihat dari proses busana yang diwujudkan memiliki proses eksklusif. Dari hasil tersebut diperlukannya tingkat eksplorasi yang kreatif dan inovatif lagi dalam mewujudkan ragam hias untuk melestarikan budaya yang ada di Indonesi
PENERAPAN HFSM PADA GAME 3D “PETUALANG QUR’AN”
Get PDFGame is a game that is very liked by children and adults. In making this game the author applies Islamic learning, namely Adventurers of the Qur'an. In making this game, the author uses the Hirarchical Finite State Machine (HFSM) method. This game is an adventure in a forest, countryside, road and river. When the player is on an adventure, he will find a Qur'an quiz that must be answered and solved. When the player cannot answer and cannot pass the Non Playable Character (NPC), the game will repeat to the initial start. In this game there are four Non Playable Character (NPC), namely Small Parasites, Boats, Vehicles and Pigs. The four Non Playable Character (NPC) can make decisions on what to do with players. The decision making of the four Non Playable Character (NPC) is implemented using the Hirarchical Finite State Machine (HFSM) method using the Unity game engine.Game merupakan permainan yang sangat disukai oleh anak-anak maupun orang dewasa. Dalam pembuatan game ini penulis menerapkan pembelajaran Islami yaitu Petualang Al-Qur'an. Dalam pembuatan game ini, penulis menggunakan metode Hirarki Finite State Machine (HFSM). Game ini adalah sebuah petualangan di hutan, pedesaan, jalan dan sungai. Saat pemain berpetualang, ia akan menemukan kuis Alquran yang harus dijawab dan dipecahkan. Ketika pemain tidak dapat menjawab dan tidak dapat melewati Non Playable Character (NPC), maka permainan akan diulang ke awal awal. Dalam game ini terdapat empat Non Playable Character (NPC) yaitu Small Parasites, Boats, Vehicles dan Pigs. Keempat Non Playable Character (NPC) dapat membuat keputusan tentang apa yang harus dilakukan dengan pemain
Eksistensi Ilmu Pengetahuan Di Era Revolusi 4.0
Get PDFThis study is literature study with descriptive qualitative research with library research. This research is intended to explain the existence of science in the industrial revolution era 4.0. In this literature study, the author uses various written sources such as book, journal, and documents that are relevant to the study in this study. This study focuses on science and its existence in the industrial revolution era. The study results show that the existence of science at this time is still very much needed and has increased significantly. This is because the development of technology based on science has spread and entered the joints of aspects of human life
Exploring Zanidatamab’s efficacy across HER2-positive Malignancies: a narrative review
No full textAbstract Background HER2-positive cancers involve amplification or overexpression of the HER2 gene, leading to aggressive tumor growth across several cancer types, including breast, gastric, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers. Detection methods such as immunohistochemistry, next-generation sequencing, and fluorescence in situ hybridization are used, with new advancements like biosensors and circulating tumor DNA offering improved diagnostic potential. Treatment strategies have evolved, including anti-HER2 drugs like trastuzumab and newer agents like zanidatamab, which show promise against HER2-positive malignancies. Methods A comprehensive search of the following academic databases was performed including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov. A detailed search string was made. Studies were selected based on whether they contained the keywords and if they reported the details of treatment for zanidatamab. A total of 16 studies were selected. Abstracts were independently examined by one author and critically reviewed by another and if there were any conflicting viewpoints they were discussed until consensus was reached. Discussion Zanidatamab has shown promising clinical outcomes in several HER2-positive cancers, including biliary tract, breast, gastric, and lung cancers, with high disease control rates and progression-free survival. Although it is not yet FDA-approved, it has received priority review for HER2-positive biliary tract cancer, with an FDA decision expected in November 2024. The safety profile of zanidatamab has been well-studied. The most common side effects include diarrhea, infusion reactions, and other mild to moderate treatment-related adverse events. In combination with Palbociclib for HER2-positive breast cancer, more severe side effects were observed, resulting in some patients discontinuing treatment. However, no treatment-related deaths have been reported across trials. While its anticancer efficacy and manageable safety profile are promising, long-term safety and efficacy data are still needed. Early clinical trials demonstrate strong efficacy, though some side effects, such as diarrhea and decreased ejection fraction, were noted. Future research should focus on understanding potential resistance mechanisms and establishing zanidatamab’s broader role in the treatment landscape of HER2-positive cancers. Conclusion In summary, zanidatamab has shown significant tumor response, progression-free survival, disease control, and improved quality of life in early trials, however, the lack of long-term safety and efficacy data remains a key limitation, requiring further research
