349,115 research outputs found
Statistical Models for Unsupervised Learning of Morphology and POS Tagging
No full textThis thesis concentrates on two fields in natural language processing. The main contribution of the thesis is in the field of morphology learning. Morphology is the study of how words are formed combining different language constituents (called morphemes) and morphology learning is the process of analysing words, by splitting into these constituents. In the scope of this thesis, morphology is learned mainly by paradigmatic approaches, in which words are analysed in groups, called paradigms. Paradigms are morphological structures having the capability of generating various word forms. We propose approaches for capturing paradigms to perform morphological segmentation. One of the approaches proposed captures paradigms within a hierarchical tree structure. Using a hierarchical structure covers a wide range of paradigms by spotting morphological similarities.
The second scope of the thesis is part-of-speech (POS) tagging. Parts-of-speech are linguistic categories, which group words having similar syntactic features, i.e. noun, adjective, verb etc. In the thesis, we investigate how to exploit POS tags to learn morphology. We propose a model to capture paradigms through syntactic categories. When syntactic categories are provided, the proposed system can capture paradigms well. Following this approach, we extend it for the case of having no syntactic categories provided. To this end, we propose a joint model, in which POS tags and morphology are learned simultaneously. Our results show that a joint model is possible for learning morphology and POS tagging.
We also study morpheme labelling, for which we propose a clustering algorithm that groups morphemes showing similar features. The algorithm can capture morphemes having similar meanings
Perceived organizational support: Antecedents and consequences
No full textopenCon il seguente elaborato si propone un'analisi del Sostegno Organizzativo Percepito (POS), che fa riferimento alla percezione del dipendente di un ambiente di lavoro supportivo e valorizzante. Il crescente interesse verso la relazione dipendente e organizzazione, ha dato avvio a numerosi studi con l'obiettivo di individuare gli elementi caratterizzanti questa relazione e quelli in grado di rafforzarla o indebolirla. Eisenberger et al., (1986) hanno elaborato la teoria del Supporto Organizzativo, nella quale vengono descritti i meccanismi alla base della relazione fra il dipendente e l'organizzazione, le condizioni in grado di rafforzare la relazione e generare POS e ,infine, le conseguenze che il POS apporterebbe. Generare POS significa creare un ambiente di lavoro armonico e supportivo, in grado di valorizzare i contributi e di adempiere alle aspettative del dipendente. Impartire trattamenti favorevoli, discrezionali e sinceri viene visto dal dipendente come atto di genuina preoccupazione verso il proprio benessere, generando POS e attaccamento verso l'organizzazione. I lavoratori con alti livelli di POS sono caratterizzati da una forte norma della reciprocità e aspettativa di ricompense, per cui si sentiranno in dovere di ricambiare i trattamenti ricevuti e di lavorare duramente, anche aumentando la performance, per ottenere le ricompense attese. Il POS è un costrutto molto potente e dal forte valore predittivo: sviluppare e generare POS nelle organizzazioni, significa sia creare le giuste condizioni lavorative che rendano l'ambiente organizzativo supportivo e armonico, e sia creare relazioni solide caratterizzate da alte performance, riduzione di assenteismo, turnover e maggiore innovazione.abstrac
BRAND AWARENESS AND PERCEIVED QUALITY POS EXPRESS PT POS INDONESIA
No full textThe brand is an essential consideration in purchasing and the quality of the product or service. For this reason, the brand strategy and product quality are applied by PT. Pos Indonesia Lumban Julu Medan Branch to attract consumers. This study aimed to determine the effect of brand awareness and perceived quality on purchasing decisions for Pos Express package delivery services. Data were collected by survey method to 315 respondents through convenience sampling technique. As a result, there is no significant effect between brand awareness on purchasing decisions, but it significantly affects perceived quality
Colheita e manuseio pos-colheita.
No full textTrata sobre a colheita e pos-colheita da manga: determinacao do ponto da colheita; selecao e classificacao: preparo manual e preparo mecanizado; tratamento fitossanitario para o controle de podridoes; tratamento pos-colheita: tratamento quarentenario em mangas destinadas a exportacao visando o controle das moscas-das-frutas, tratamento hidrotermico, embalagem e pre-resfriamento e conservacao pos-colheita
Communications and Comments
No full textMichela Lecca with Osvaldo da Pos present a summary of the proceedings of the Workshop “What is the color for me?” made during the Color Conference of Genoa to encourage the multidisciplinary exchange of ideas between members of the Associazione Italiana Colore
KONSTRUKSI PASANGAN CALON DALAM PILGUB JATENG 2008 OLEH MEDIA MASSA (KASUS PEMBERITAAN JAWA POS RADAR SEMARANG DAN SUARA MERDEKA)
No full textPilgub Jateng 2008 adalah pemilihan kepala daerah langsung pertama yang
terjadi di Jawa Tengah. Ada lima pasangan yang mencalonkan diri sebagai
gubernur-wakil gubernur. Mereka adalah Bambang Sadono-M. Adnan (Partai
Golkar), Agus Soeyitno-Kholiq Arif (PKB), Sukawi Sutarip-Sudharto (Partai
Demokrat-PKS), Bibit Waluyo-Rustriningsih (PDI-P) dan HM. Tamzil-Rozaq
Rais (PPP-PAN). Mekanisme pemilihan langsung berakibat jarak antara pasangan
calon dengan pemilih menjadi semakin dekat sehingga setiap pasangan calon
dituntut untuk memanfaatkan media dalam membangun citra positif. Dalam hal
ini peran media sebagai sarana komunikasi politik menjadi cukup vital. Bagi
pasangan calon, media adalah sarana strategis untuk menyebarluaskan pesan
politik kepada khalayak. Media sebagai salah satu sumber informasi bagi
masyarakat harus mampu menjalankan fungsinya dengan baik dengan berpegang
pada netralitas. Namun, dalam operasionalnya media selalu dipengaruhi faktor
internal dan eksternal yang membuat mereka tidak dapat sepenuhnya objektif.
Media bukanlah institusi yang bebas nilai. Isi media tidaklah merefleksikan
realitas yang ada namun mengkonstruksikan serangkaian fakta yang terjadi.
Metode triangulasi digunakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana harian Jawa
Pos Radar Semarang dan Suara Merdeka mengkonstruksikan masing-masing
pasangan calon. Juga untuk mengetahui kecenderungan pemberitaan serta politik
redaksional masing-masing media. Objek penelitian yang dipilih adalah beritaberita
tentang pasangan calon di harian Jawa Pos Radar Semarang dan Suara
Merdeka pada halaman satu dan rubrik khusus selama 26 Maret-22 Juni 2008.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa harian Jawa Pos Radar Semarang
berusaha responsif dengan isu-isu politik memberikan konstruksi yang favorable
kepada pasangan Agus Soeyitno-Kholiq Arif, Bibit Waluyo-Rustriningsih dan
HM. Tamzil-Rozaq Rais. Sebaliknya, mereka memberikan konstruksi
unfavorable kepada pasangan Bambang Sadono-M. Adnan dan Sukawi Sutarip-
Sudharto. Sedangkan Suara Merdeka memilih gaya pemberitaan yang aman dan
tidak tendesius kepada masing-masing pasangan calon. Hasilnya, mereka
cenderung mengkonstruksikan pasangan Bambang Sadono-M. Adnan, Bibit
Waluyo-Rustriningsih dan HM. Tamzil-Rozaq Rais dengan bingkai yang
favorable. Sedangkan pasangan Agus Soeyitno-Kholiq Arif dan Sukawi Sutarip-
Sudharto dalam bingkai unfavorable.
Pilgub Jateng 2008 adalah pemilihan kepala daerah langsung pertama yang
terjadi di Jawa Tengah. Ada lima pasangan yang mencalonkan diri sebagai
gubernur-wakil gubernur. Mereka adalah Bambang Sadono-M. Adnan (Partai
Golkar), Agus Soeyitno-Kholiq Arif (PKB), Sukawi Sutarip-Sudharto (Partai
Demokrat-PKS), Bibit Waluyo-Rustriningsih (PDI-P) dan HM. Tamzil-Rozaq
Rais (PPP-PAN). Mekanisme pemilihan langsung berakibat jarak antara pasangan
calon dengan pemilih menjadi semakin dekat sehingga setiap pasangan calon
dituntut untuk memanfaatkan media dalam membangun citra positif. Dalam hal
ini peran media sebagai sarana komunikasi politik menjadi cukup vital. Bagi
pasangan calon, media adalah sarana strategis untuk menyebarluaskan pesan
politik kepada khalayak. Media sebagai salah satu sumber informasi bagi
masyarakat harus mampu menjalankan fungsinya dengan baik dengan berpegang
pada netralitas. Namun, dalam operasionalnya media selalu dipengaruhi faktor
internal dan eksternal yang membuat mereka tidak dapat sepenuhnya objektif.
Media bukanlah institusi yang bebas nilai. Isi media tidaklah merefleksikan
realitas yang ada namun mengkonstruksikan serangkaian fakta yang terjadi.
Metode triangulasi digunakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana harian Jawa
Pos Radar Semarang dan Suara Merdeka mengkonstruksikan masing-masing
pasangan calon. Juga untuk mengetahui kecenderungan pemberitaan serta politik
redaksional masing-masing media. Objek penelitian yang dipilih adalah beritaberita
tentang pasangan calon di harian Jawa Pos Radar Semarang dan Suara
Merdeka pada halaman satu dan rubrik khusus selama 26 Maret-22 Juni 2008.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa harian Jawa Pos Radar Semarang
berusaha responsif dengan isu-isu politik memberikan konstruksi yang favorable
kepada pasangan Agus Soeyitno-Kholiq Arif, Bibit Waluyo-Rustriningsih dan
HM. Tamzil-Rozaq Rais. Sebaliknya, mereka memberikan konstruksi
unfavorable kepada pasangan Bambang Sadono-M. Adnan dan Sukawi Sutarip-
Sudharto. Sedangkan Suara Merdeka memilih gaya pemberitaan yang aman dan
tidak tendesius kepada masing-masing pasangan calon. Hasilnya, mereka
cenderung mengkonstruksikan pasangan Bambang Sadono-M. Adnan, Bibit
Waluyo-Rustriningsih dan HM. Tamzil-Rozaq Rais dengan bingkai yang
favorable. Sedangkan pasangan Agus Soeyitno-Kholiq Arif dan Sukawi Sutarip-
Sudharto dalam bingkai unfavorable
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
PERCURSOS FORMATIVOS E INSERÇÃO PROFISSIONAL DOS DOUTORES EM EDUCAÇÃO
No full textO presente estudo objetivou investigar as trajetórias e os destinos institucionais dos egressos dos cursos de doutorado em Educação das universidades públicas brasileiras, nos últimos doze anos (2000-2012). A pesquisa caracteriza-se como Métodos Mistos (CRESWELL e CLARK, 2013) e foi desenvolvida a partir dos dados disponíveis no sitio eletrônico da Capes, dos programas de pós-graduação e da plataforma Lattes. Constatamos que menos de 25% dos pesquisados está com orientações de mestrado em andamento e menos de 10% vem contribuindo com a formação de novos doutores. Acreditamos que o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, inédita nesta escala na área da Educação, pode contribuir com a avaliação das condições de ampliação e qualificação dos Programas e cursos; vislumbrar as atividades e o regime de trabalho dos jovens doutores em Educação no Brasil e elaborar quadros analíticos que possam contribuir com a proposição de políticas estratégicas de captação e de fixação de docentes nas regiões menos favorecidas
Author, publisher and bookseller : a tripartite synergy in Nigerian book industry
No full textThis work is about the roles of Author, Publisher and Bookseller in Book development in
Nigeria. The paper started by delving into the history of Book Publishing in Nigeria after
which it proceeded by defining who an author, a publisher, and a bookseller is and
expatiated on the indispensable roles of these key actors in Nigerian Book Industry and in
the emerging Information Society. Furthermore, the various constraints to book
development were identified while the paper advised on how the Book Industry can be
further promoted in Nigeria. However, the paper concluded and made recommendations
on how the Book sector can help in enhancing scholarship in the country
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