381 research outputs found
Konsep Kebebasan Kehendak Manusia dalam Perspektif Sigmund Freud dan Muhammad Iqbal
Get PDFABSTRAK
Skripsi ini adalah hasil penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research) yang berjudul ―Konsep
Kebebasan Kehendak Manusia dalam Perspektif Sigmund Freud dan Muhammad Iqbal‖. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk menelaah pemikiran dari Sigmund Freud dan Muhammad Iqbal mengenai konsep
kebebasan kehendak manusia dan bagaimana analisis terhadap pemikiran kedua tokoh tersebut dan
bagaimana komparasi pemikirannya. Membandingkan konsep kebebasan kehendak manusia dalam
pemikiran Islam dan Barat. Kedua tokoh ini dipilih karena Muhammad Iqbal dan Sigmund Freud berasal
dari tradisi pemikiran yang berbeda, yaitu Islam dan Barat. Baik Islam maupun Barat memiliki perbedaan
yang mencolok mengenai epistimologi yang terjadi. Namun keduanya memiliki kemiripan dalam
berbicara konsep kebebasan kehendak manusia.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Guna
menjawab permasalahan di atas, penulis menggunakan pengumpulan data melalui telaah pustaka tentang
pemikiran Sigmund Freud dan Muhammad Iqbal. Penelitian ini selanjutnya dianalisis dengan
menggunakan metode analisis historis untuk mengetahui bagaimana kehidupan kedua tokoh tersebut dan
bagaimana perkembangan pemikirannya dan siapa saja yang mempengaruhi pemikiran kedua tokoh
tersebut. Kemudian untuk menganalisis pemikiran kedua tokoh tersebut digunakan metode analisis
deskriptif, yang mana tujuannya yaitu untuk menjelaskan pemikiran kedua tokoh tersebut secara jelas
tentang konsep kebebasan kehendak manusia.
Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa dalam pemikiran kedua tokoh tersebut, bisa dilihat bahwa
pemikiran Iqbal yang merupakan hasil pemikiran filsafat membicarakan kebebasan kehendak manusia
melalui ego sebagai hakikat dari individu dan merupakan bagian dari ego mutlaq, ego kreatif menjalankan
semua tujuannya berdasarkan kehendak kreatifnya. Dan Freud sebagai seorang dokter, membicarakan
kebebasan kehendak manusia sifatnya lebih ilmiah, yaitu ego yang menjadi bagian dari daerah-daerah
pikiran individu yang berada dalam tahapan kesadaran yang mengontrol tuntutan dari Id dan superego.
Dari pemikiran keduanya bisa disimpulkan bahwa kesamaan pemikiran antara Freud dan Iqbal terdapat
pada bahwa, ego menjadi pusat dari aktivitas kreatif dari individu. Pemikiran kedua tokoh tersebut
mengenai kebebasan kehendak manusia berbeda, akan tetapi terdapat kesesuaian bahwa bagi Iqbal ego
yang menjadi pusat kehidupan, bagi Freud merupakan sistem pengontrol terhadap dorongan-dorongan
dari Id dan Superego. Dimana kedudukan ego disini merupakan sebagai pusat dari aktifitas-aktifitas yang
dilakukan oleh manusia.
Kata kunci: Kebebasan Kehendak Manusia, Muhammad Iqbal, Sigmund Freu
PENTINGNYA IJTIHAD DALAM AGAMA PERSPEKTIF MUHAMMAD IQBAL DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI TEOLOGI DAN KEMISKINAN
Get PDFThis study wants to see how important the ijtihad by Muhammad Iqbal is on religious knowledge and experience which often causes conflicts of thought among Western and Islamic intellectuals. In his reform efforts, Iqbal focused his attention on the formation of Muslim personalities, through the concept of ego or khudi (personal, self, self-hod). In this context, this article also wants to discuss in detail the implications of Iqbal\u27s thoughts for theology and poverty. This is important, because according to Iqbal, Islamic theology has been stagnant for about 500 years. So that the space for ijtihad is not very developed, and causes Muslims to fall into poverty. It is necessary to review Iqbal\u27s thoughts about insan kamil (perfect human) which can only be achieved if it has passed three phases, namely obedience to the law, self-control, and awareness as God\u27s representative. This research is also in the form of library research on the concept of ijtihad in Muhammad Iqbal\u27s Islamic perspective. As an analytical tool, the author uses a historical-philosophical approach that relates to the history and thoughts of a person who has a deeper and comprehensive meaning. This paper concludes, first, the ijtihad carried out by Muhammad Iqbal is centered on Islamic sciences, such as theology, Sufism, interpretation and so on which have an impact on religious experience, thought, and the formation of good individuals in Islamic society. Second, consistent with the above ijtihad, Muhammad Iqbal formulated the concept of khudi and insan kamil. The concept of insan kamil Iqbal is a further development of the concept of khudi. Therefore, the author synthesizes the two concepts as a subtilization or importance of ijtihad in Muhammad Iqbal\u27s religious perspective
Iqbal and the Cosmopolitan Horizon of Muslim Societies, by Faisal Devji
No full textFaisal Devji is Historian, Reader in Indian History at St. Antony's College, University of Oxford. He is the author of four books, Landscapes of the Jihad: Militancy, Morality, Modernity (Hurst, 2005), The Terrorist in Search of Humanity: Militant Islam and Global Politics (Hurst, 2009), The Impossible India: Gandhi and the Temptation of Violence (Harvard University Press, 2012) and Muslim Zion: Pakistan as a Political Idea (Harvard University Press, 2013). On Muhammad Iqbal (1877-1938) and t..
Urgensitas Pendidikan Islam Vis A Vis Pendidikan Barat Analisis Tantangan dan Harapan Perspektif Muhammad Iqbal
Get PDFThis article seeks to understand and explain the importance of Islamic education in comparison to Western education through a detailed examination of the challenges and expectations as seen through the eyes of Muhammad Iqbal. The research method employs a review of the literature to identify previous sources of relevant articles and journals. In this article, the author adopts the viewpoint of Muhammad Iqbal, a modern Islamic philosopher, writer, and reformer, to examine the benefits and drawbacks of Islamic and Western education. The discussion revealed that there is a significant difference between Islamic education and Western education, particularly in terms of scope and source material used. According to Muhammad Iqbal, Western education produces people with general science intelligence, whereas Islamic education produces people with good character and behavior. A good education must strike a balance between physical and spiritual aspects. Education's goal is to prepare men for life. Islamic education should be taught from childhood to adulthood so that the education provided covers a wide range of scientific topics. In the West, empirical aspects of real-life experience place a greater emphasis on educational resources. Whereas in Islamic education, the source of the value of knowledge comes directly from the creator of the universe rather than from the creation of experts or the elite of society. Because education is an investment in a better future; therefore, the educational process must run smoothly
Urgensitas Pendidikan Islam Vis A Vis Pendidikan Barat Analisis Tantangan dan Harapan Perspektif Muhammad Iqbal
Get PDFThis article seeks to understand and explain the importance of Islamic education in comparison to Western education through a detailed examination of the challenges and expectations as seen through the eyes of Muhammad Iqbal. The research method employs a review of the literature to identify previous sources of relevant articles and journals. In this article, the author adopts the viewpoint of Muhammad Iqbal, a modern Islamic philosopher, writer, and reformer, to examine the benefits and drawbacks of Islamic and Western education. The discussion revealed that there is a significant difference between Islamic education and Western education, particularly in terms of scope and source material used. According to Muhammad Iqbal, Western education produces people with general science intelligence, whereas Islamic education produces people with good character and behavior. A good education must strike a balance between physical and spiritual aspects. Education's goal is to prepare men for life. Islamic education should be taught from childhood to adulthood so that the education provided covers a wide range of scientific topics. In the West, empirical aspects of real-life experience place a greater emphasis on educational resources. Whereas in Islamic education, the source of the value of knowledge comes directly from the creator of the universe rather than from the creation of experts or the elite of society. Because education is an investment in a better future; therefore, the educational process must run smoothly
Meeting the challenges of modernity as experienced by Said Nursi, Muhammad Iqbal and Muhammad Abduh
No full textOne of the core debates of the Muslim intellectuals of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries was on the question of whether Islam could or should embrace change. If so, then how would this change take place in meeting the current challenges, while also staying faithful to the primary teachings of Islam? Muslims, and non-Muslims alike were directly or indirectly influenced by the “modern” trends brought by the West. Did “modern” values always signify progress and value? To what extent would modern principles be adopted in the Islamic tradition? These were certainly a few of the many questions raised by pioneer figures of “modernity” like Said Nursi (d. 1960), Muhammad Iqbal (d.1938) and Muhammad Abduh (d.1905). As I have come to hypothesize prior to my research, their distinct educational background and context had great significant and lasting impacts in the unique approaches that they undertook in regards to bringing change. As I have concluded, the ways in which they have dealt with these “modern” challenges, as well as opportunities, were not only an inspiration for their own generations, but also relevant to many Muslims to this day. Still, many Muslims and non-Muslims are unaware of these intellectuals who have demonstrated an immense effort in resolving the issues of their day. This is important to note because there is the possibility for these intellectuals to also shed light to the existing internal crisis of the Islamic world today, if meticulous attention is given to their teachings.M.A.Includes bibliographical referencesby Nuriye Akso
Kualitas Layanan pada Jaringan Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) dengan Metode Hierarchical Token Bucket
No full textMulti-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) technology is a new data communication technology that changes the routing process to switching process using label. In this research, simulation measurement of Quality of Service (QoS) which aims to find out how exactly this MPLS technology services behave when sending a package. The measurement is carried out on three main parameters of existing QoS in a network that is throughput, delay and jitter. The results of experiments conducted in the laboratory shows that the use of MPLS produces a better QoS. It also shows that the quality of throughput, delay, jitter has been improved when an OSPF has been equipped with MPLS. Furthermore, when an MPLS network supports Hierarchical Token Bucket (HTB), traffic flows can receive class-based admission, differentiated queue servicing in the network nodes, preemption priority, and other network services which can guarantee the QoS. Thus, the combination of HTB and MPLS will provide more advantages to network providers.66 HalamanTesis Magiste
Peranan Komunikasi dalam Meningkatkan Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Harian Mimbar Umum Medan
No full textPT. Harian Mimbar Umum Medan berdiri pada tanggal 6 November 1945 di
Medan. Dicintis dan dipelopori oleh Bapak Abdul Wahab Siregar, Muhammad Saleh
Umar alias Surapati dan Bapak Yunus Nasution. Kemudian dilanjutkan oleh Bapak Ari.cf
Lubis, pada tanggal 6 Desember 1947 dibantu oleh Syamsuddin Manan, dan Bustaman.
PT. Harian Mimbar Umum Medan didirikan bukan untuk kepentingan komersil
semata, melainkan untuk alat perjuangan dan sarana politik dalam menghadapi serangan
Agresi Belanda. Akibat dari serangan Belanda maka PT. Harian Mimbar Umum Medan
terpaksa pindah ke Tebing Tinggi, dan ketika kota Tebing Tinggi dikuasai oleh Belanda,
maka PT. Harian Mimbar Umum Medan terpaksa pindah kembali ke kota Medan,
karena keadaan telah aman dan tenan
Pandangan Muhammad Rizieq Shihab tentang Pancasila
Get PDFThis paper seeks to describe the perspective of al-Habib Muhammad Rizieq bin Hussein Shihab on Pancasila. At the beginning of the paper will be explained in advance how the concept of the state. According to the Sharia is divided into two main ideas of textual-textual and substantial-contextual. Furthermore, it will be further elaborated on the debate in filling the ideology of the state of Islam and nationalist groups in the period of national movement. Then the author will describe the interpretation of al-Habib Muhammad Rizieq bin Husein Shihab in the interpreting of Pancasila with historical approach. Finally, the author critically examines this view which shows that the misinterpretation of al-Habib Muhammad Rizieq bin Hussein Shihab in understanding Pancasila
UKHUWAH ISLAMMIYAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF ALLAMA IQBAL
No full textSir Muhammad Iqbal or better known as Allama Iqbal was an author, philosopher, lawyer, and politician in British India. He lived when the Mughal Dynasty collapsed, and Islam in South Asia was in chaos. At that time also, British troops managed to colonize some of the lands of South Asia. As a result the freedom of Muslims to worship is increasingly difficult, they are suppressed from all sides. This situation prompted Allama Iqbal to create a discourse known as the 'Pakistan Movement'. The goal is to liberate Muslims to be free from the confines of the colonialists and provide a solution to establish a new state for the Muslim community of South Asia to be able to practice Islam in peace. This scientific work was created with the aim of exploring the ideas of Ukhuwah Islammiyah in the perspective of Allama Iqbal and his contribution to taking part in the process of Islamization in society. This scientific work uses a literature study approach and historical analysis as a scientific approach to explore Allama Iqbal's thoughts on Ukhuwah Islammiyah. It is hoped that scientific work can be a reference material for intellectuals to explore insights about Ukhuwah Islammiyah
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