8 research outputs found
Surgical importance of distance from mandibular condyle to carotid canal and foramen spinosum: an anatomical study
No full textBackground: The objective of this study was to compare the distance from mandibular condyle to internal carotid artery and middle meningeal artery.Methods: In this study 20 skulls obtained from the Department of Anatomy were utilized for the study. The following two parameters were measured using Vernier Caliper (digital). 1. Distance from Mandibular condyle to carotid canal 2. Distance from medial margin of Mandibular condyle to Foramen spinosum. All the measurements were taken thrice to minimize errors. Photograph of the skull base showing the measurements done was captured.Results: A total of 40 sides, 20 right and 20 left sides were studied. The mean distance between medial margin of mandibular condyle to carotid canal was 11.2 mm±0.6 on right side and 11.6mm±0.8 on left side. The mean distance from the medial margin of mandibular condyle to Foramen spinosum (middle meningeal artery) was 9.3 mm±1.1 on right side and 9.8mm±0.9 on left side. Conclusions: The distance between mandibular condyle to Middle meningeal artery is less compared to the distance between Mandibular condyle to carotid artery. The current study concludes that MMA is comparatively at high risk for damage compared to internal carotid artery
Small Blubber Samples (50 mg) Sufficient for Analyses of 10 Stress and Reproductive Steroid Hormones in Gray and Fin Whales via Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry
No full text© 2022 Wittmaack, Urbán Ramírez, Bernot-Simon, Martínez-Aguilar, Subbiah, Surles, Looney, Kumar, Halaska, Duignan, Knauss, Burns and Godard-Codding. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Information on stress, reproductive fitness, and health is difficult to obtain in wild cetaceans but critical for conservation and management. The goal of this study was to develop a methodology requiring minimal blubber mass for analysis of reproductive and stress steroid hormones and, hence, suitable for cetacean biopsies. Blubber biopsies and samples were collected from free-ranging and stranded gray and fin whales. Steroid hormones were extracted from blubber samples as small as 50 mg using liquid-liquid extraction methodology developed to handle the high fat content of blubber. Samples were analyzed via liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for 10 hormones: aldosterone, androstenedione, cortisol, cortisone, corticosterone, 17β-estradiol, estrone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone, and testosterone. As part of the optimization, homogenization via bead beating and blade dispersion were compared, and the former found superior. To investigate optimal yet minimal tissue mass required, hormone panels were compared among paired 50, 150, and 400 mg samples, the latter two being commonly reported masses for hormone blubber analysis. Results indicated that 50 mg of blubber was suitable and sometimes superior. Additionally, significant differences in precision values were observed between species, possibly stemming from differences in blubber composition, and relevant to homogenization technique selection and calibration methods that use blubber matrix matches obtained from a species other than the study species. Based on recovery and precision values, our methodology was accurate and precise in the measurement of spiked known quantities for all 10 hormones, confirming the methodology capabilities in 50 mg blubber mass in both species. Altogether, and in our specific sample sets, all endogenous hormones, except corticosterone, were identified above the detection limit in 50 mg gray whale blubber samples while all endogenous hormones, except aldosterone, cortisone, estrone, and progesterone, were detected in 50 mg fin whale blubber samples. We present a robust methodology for the analysis of multiple reproductive and stress steroid hormones in minimal masses of cetacean blubber compatible with small biopsies. Finally, we identified statistically significant differences in corticosteroid concentrations between stranded and free ranging animals
Improving Usability and Adoption of Tablet-based Electronic Health Record (EHR) Applications
No full textabstract: The technological revolution has caused the entire world to migrate to a digital environment and health care is no exception to this. Electronic Health Records (EHR) or Electronic Medical Records (EMR) are the digital repository for health data of patients. Nation wide efforts have been made by the federal government to promote the usage of EHRs as they have been found to improve quality of health service. Although EHR systems have been implemented almost everywhere, active use of EHR applications have not replaced paper documentation. Rather, they are often used to store transcribed data from paper documentation after each clinical procedure. This process is found to be prone to errors such as data omission, incomplete data documentation and is also time consuming. This research aims to help improve adoption of real-time EHRs usage while documenting data by improving the usability of an iPad based EHR application that is used during resuscitation process in the intensive care unit. Using Cognitive theories and HCI frameworks, this research identified areas of improvement and customizations in the application that were required to exclusively match the work flow of the resuscitation team at the Mayo Clinic. In addition to this, a Handwriting Recognition Engine (HRE) was integrated into the application to support a stylus based information input into EHR, which resembles our target users’ traditional pen and paper based documentation process. The EHR application was updated and then evaluated with end users at the Mayo clinic. The users found the application to be efficient, usable and they showed preference in using this application over the paper-based documentation.Dissertation/ThesisMasters Thesis Computer Science 201
Measurement of the effective B0s→K+K− lifetime
No full textA measurement of the effective lifetime is presented using approximately 37 pb−1 of data collected by LHCb during 2010. This quantity can be used to put constraints on contributions from processes beyond the Standard Model in the meson system and is determined by two complementary approaches as
τKK=1.440±0.096 (stat)±0.008 (syst)±0.003 (model) ps
First observation of the decay Bs0→K*0K*0
No full textThe first observation of the decay B0s→K∗0K∗0 is reported using 35 pb−1 of data collected by LHCb in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. A total of 49.8±7.5 B0s→(K+π−)(K−π+) events are observed within ±50 MeV/c2 of the B0s mass and 746 MeV/c2 < mKπ < 1046 MeV/c2, mostly coming from a resonant B0s→K∗0K∗0 signal. The branching fraction and the CP-averaged K∗0 longitudinal polarization fraction are measured to be B(B0s→K∗0K∗0)=(2.81±0.46(stat.)±0.45(syst.)±0.34(fs/ fd))×10−5 and fL =0.31±0.12(stat.)±0.04(syst.)
Observation of J/ψ-pair production in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV
No full textThe production of J/ψ pairs in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV has been observed using an integrated luminosity of 37.5 pb−1 collected with the LHCb detector. The production cross-section for pairs with both J/ψ in the rapidity range 2 < yJ/ψ < 4.5 and transverse momentum pJ/ψ T <10 GeV/c is σJ/ψJ/ψ =5.1±1.0±1.1 nb, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic
Expression, purification and characterisation of protoporphyrinogen oxidases from diverse species
No full textBibliography: leaves 163-203.This work involved the characterisation of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO), the penultimate enzyme in haem biosynthesis, from Bacillus subtilis, Myxococcus xanthus, and human. A defect in human PPO causes variegate porphyria, an autosomal dominant disorder characterised by skin photosensitivity and propensity towards acute neurovisceral crises. At the beginning of this project little information was available on the kinetic and biophysical properties of isolated PPOs due largely to difficulties associated with their purification from natural sources
