122,882 research outputs found
A single-station method for the detection, classification and location of fin whale calls using ocean-bottom seismic stations
No full textPassive seismic monitoring in the oceans uses long-term deployments of Ocean Bottom Seismometers (OBSs). An OBS usually records the three components of ground motion and pressure, typically at 100Hz. This makes the OBS an ideal tool to investigate fin and blue whales that vocalize at frequencies below 45Hz. Previous applications of OBS data to locate whale calls have relied on single channel analyses that disregard the information that is conveyed by the horizontal seismic channels. Recently, Harris, Matias, Thomas, Harwood, and Geissler [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 134, 3522-3535 (2013)] presented a method that used all four channels recorded by one OBS to derive the range and azimuth of fin whale calls. In this work, the detection, classification, and ranging of calls using this four-channel method were further investigated, focusing on methods to increase the accuracy of range estimates to direct path arrivals. Corrections to account for the influences of the sound speed in the water layer and the velocity structure in the top strata of the seabed were considered. The single station method discussed here is best implemented when OBSs have been deployed in deep water on top of seabed strata with low P-wave velocity. These conditions maximize the ability to detect and estimate ranges to fin whale calls.Peer reviewe
Regional Products, Regions' Reputation and Commercial Strategies: A Tale of Two Cheese Suppliers
No full textNetworks of firms producing and selling regional products to domestic and foreign markets are influencing the direction and options of local development. Regional products are embedded in historical tradition and geographic, cultural and social specificity. Most of the local activities are performed by clustered SME's in well defined geographical areas. To study the mechanisms and factors which favour spontaneous development in specific areas and make SME's competitive through cluster development we used case study methodology. An evolutionary perspective of "Casa Matias" and "Casa dos Queijos", two portuguese SME's, is expected to illustrate which key factors triggered the firm's cheese business and, simultaneously, examine organisational practices with particular emphasis on cluster formation and internationalisation process. From this analysis we expected to conceptualise a specific policy scheme to help developing spontaneous entrepreneurship, cooperation between clustered SME's and local collective development.
Os discursos da alfabetização de adultos e as representações do sujeito analfabeto
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação.Análise dos discursos da alfabetização de adultos com ênfase no oeste do Paraná. Estuda a constituição do sujeito analfabeto como um saber construído em sua relação com a prática pedagógica a partir do referencial teórico foucaultiano. Constata-se várias imagens sobre o sujeito analfabeto caracterizando-o como incapaz, inculto, alienado, necessitado
Rhythmic Index Elaborator (RIE) come strumento di indagine della struttura ritmica. Un’applicazione al pisano semi-spontaneo vs. letto
No full textLa ricerca condotta in questo lavoro non intende affrontare problemi strettamente teorici riguardanti la struttura ritmica di una lingua naturale, ma soprattutto presentare le potenzia-lità di un nuovo strumento di calcolo dei correlati ritmici più utilizzati negli ultimi anni, chiamato Rhythmic Index Elaborator (RIE).
RIE è stato progettato non solo per ridurre i costi (in termini di tempo di calcolo) dei correlati ritmici, ma anche per facilitare l‟elaborazione dei dati e le analisi. Tra le sue varie funzionalità è opportuno evidenziare che: non impone limitazioni sul tipo di trascrizioni uti-lizzate (permettendo l‟ingresso di dati provenienti da differenti corpora), possiede tre mo-dalità di importazione dati, aggiorna automaticamente la categoria del segmento (C/V) su dati che presentano solo trascrizioni fonetiche, permette l‟inserimento di note personalizza-te per individuare segmenti rilevanti, consente di modificare e inserire l‟etichettatura dei da-ti a posteriori, permette di filtrare i dati inseriti, esporta i dati in un foglio elettronico e le analisi in un file di testo, edita grafici, ecc.
Le potenzialità di tale strumento sono state testate confrontando le caratteristiche ritmi-che di due differenti registri comunicativi della varietà pisana: il parlato semi-spontaneo e il parlato letto. È noto, infatti, che la differente modalità di elocuzione influisce sulle strategie discorsive dei locutori e quindi sulle loro inclinazioni ritmiche.
L‟osservazione delle tendenze ritmiche si è basata sul correlato CCI (Control / Compen-sation Index) proposto da Bertinetto & Bertini (2008), a partire da circa 10.000 segmenti vocalici e consonantici estratti da 17 parlanti.
Il confronto tra pisano letto e semi-spontaneo mostra, accanto all‟assenza di variazione nei valori vocalici dell‟indice, una certa differenza nei valori consonantici, evidenziando un minor grado di variazione nella durata degli intervalli consonantici del parlato letto rispetto al semi-spontaneo. Quanto alle fluttuazioni locali nella durata di vocali e consonanti, esse sono sostanzialmente analoghe per entità, com'è tipico delle lingue “a controllo” (secondo la terminologia di Bertinetto & Bertini (2008)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Square Dancing with the Stars to Enhance Dynamic Hirschman Linkages?
No full textIn this Presidential Address, the author takes the reader on a reconnaissance of his life and time as a regional scientist. He points out scenery he found scintillating along the way, hoping that some may pick up the banner and chew on a few of the ideas for a while. He suggests a revisit to Albert O. Hirschman’s notion of key sectors and more empirical analysis related to Marcus Berliant’s and Masahisa Fujita’s notion of knowledge creation and transfer.Presidential Address, San Antonio, Texas, March 29, 2014 (53rd Meetings of the Southern Regional Science Association
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Letter from unknown writer to Jesse L. Boyce
No full textLetter to Jesse L. Boyce from unknown author (possibly Jack) about the investigation into the powder magazine located in the Grand Canyon. Some personal news is included in the letter such as the writer's marriage to the daughter of C.A. Taylor, former Supervisor of Cochise County
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Opening the horizons of clinical reasoning to qualitative research
No full textClinical Reasoning (CR) is an important aspect of health professional education and effective practice. It is a complex series of factors and cognitive functions, involving higher-level thinking to define problems, examine the evidence and then making decisions and choices to improve the patient's physiological and psycho-social state.CR consists of 3 interconnected and interdependent sub-processes: clinical experience and clinical context and Evidence-Based Practice. This essay focuses on the opportunities that Qualitative Research offers during the CR process when the doctor finds the evidence to address a patient's health problem. Clinicians are often faced with questions that randomized clinical trials or systematic reviews of efficacy studies cannot answer. For this reason, we considered it necessary to offer an expanded view of the process of interpretation of the scientific literature used in daily clinical practice through the complex process of Clinical Reasoning, through the use of studies conducted with qualitative methods, which are able to respond to a different range of clinical questions, and to support studies based on the effectiveness of treatments
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