13 research outputs found
Metode Pengajaran Bioetika pada Pendidikan Kedokteran
Get PDFLatar belakang : Bioetika merupakan bagian penting dari pendidikan kedokteran, baik pada pendidikan dokter umum maupun pendidikan dokter spesialis. Pada Standar Kompetensi Dokter Indonesia pun telah memasukkan unsur bioetika sebagai salah satu capaian dalam pendidikan kedokteran. Namun, metode pengajaran bioetika masih belum banyak dibahas agar dapat tercapai sosok profesi dokter yang berempati dan profesional.
Metode : Penulisan tinjauan pustaka ini dengan menelusuri beberapa referensi yang membahas mengenai pendidikan bioetika di bidang kedokteran.
Hasil : Dari penelusuran beberapa literatur, terdapat beberapa metode dalam pengajaran bioetika antara lain dengan kuliah konvensional, role play, studi kasus, penulisan narasi serta melalui film.
Kesimpulan : Bioetika merupakan komponen penting dalam pendidikan kedokteran dalam pengembangan profesional medis. Pembelajaran bioetika haruslah mencakup aspek-aspek yang akan dihadapi oleh mahasiswa kelak di lapangan kerja mereka dengan menerapkan metode pengajaran yang sesuai
Infections of Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma hominis as Risk Factors for Abnormal Cervical Cells
Get PDFBackground: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women across the world. Recent studies have shown that cervical cancer is not only caused by persistent infection of human papillomavirus (HPV), but sexually transmitted infections (STIs) also play a role in the pathogenesis of abnormal cervical cells. STIs frequently occur with no specific symptoms, such as the infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma hominis. Asymptomatic STIs could lead to persistent infection. Persistent infections caused by STIs have been hypothesised to increase the access of HPV into the deeper cervical tissue and cause cervical cell abnormalities. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess the association between C. trachomatis and M. hominis infections and abnormal cervical cells. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 58 outpatients at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Abnormal cervical cells were detected by a liquid-based cytology Pap smear, and bacterial identification was done by conducting conventional duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: 58 patients, 14 (24.1%) showed abnormal cervical cells, whereas 44 (75.9%) patients showed normal cervical cells. The conventional duplex PCR demonstrated a positive result for C. trachomatis and M. hominis bacterial infections in only 1 (7.1%) and 2 (14.3%) patients with abnormal cervical cells, respectively. The statistical analysis revealed no significant association between the bacterial infections and the abnormal cervical cytology in the patients (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Infections caused by C. trachomatis and/or M. hominis were not associated with abnormal cervical cells
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN MIKROPLASTIK PADA AIR LAUT DAN SEDIMEN DI KAWASAN WISATA PANTAI GANDORIAH PARIAMAN
Get PDFGandoriah Beach is the tourist destination in Pariaman, West Sumatera, located near the Indian Ocean and has several activities that potentially generate microplastics. This study aims to analyze the content of microplastics in the water and sediment of Gandoriah Beach, and to determine the correlation and effect of of waste generation rate, pH, and temperature on the concentration of microplastics. The analysis of microplastic were the concentration, shape, color, size, and type of polymer. Microplastic concentration was analyzed using the gravimetric method. The shape, color, and size of microplastics were analyzed using a microscope. The type of polymer was analyzed using the FTIR spectroscopy method. The results showed that the average plastic waste generation of Gandoriah Beach was 0.11 kg/m 2 /day or 0.85 L/m2 /day. The average microplastic concentration was 86.67-165 particles/L in water and 52.52-107 particles/kg in sediment. The shape of microplastics was dominated by fiber (49% in water and 37% in sediment). The most frequently found color was black (37%) in water and transparent (39%) in sediment. The most size of the microplastics was small microplastic (53% in water and 64% in sediment). The dominant polymer type was LDPE (25% in water and 41% in sediment). ANOVA test showed that different locations and sampling times showed no significant difference to the microplastic concentrations (p>0.05). The analysis of correlation showed a strong relationship between plastic waste generation to the microplastic concentration in sediment (r=0.775), a very weak relationship between pH to microplastic concentration (r=-0.342), and a weak relationship between temperature with microplastic concentration (r=0.437). The regression analysis, influence of plastic waste generation, pH, and temperature to the microplastic concentration were 60.1%, 11.7%, and 19.1% respectively
EFEK HEPATOPROTEKTOR ANDROGRAPHOLIDE TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ALANIN AMINOTRANSFERASE DALAM SERUM Rattus norvegicus JANTAN GALUR WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI KARBON TETRAKLORIDA
Get PDFBackground: Andrographolide is a diterpenoid bioethanol that effectively prevent liver injury by reducing liver oxidative stress response. Method : The research was randomized experimental design with pretest-posttest design. Thirty male wistar rats was randomly divided into 6 groups, normal control, negative control (0,2 ml CCl4), and positive control (500 mg/kgBW curcumin), dose I (50 mg/kgBW), dose II (100 mg/kgBW), dose III (200 mg/kgBW) given for 8 days and induced by 0,2 ml CCl4 on the first day. Data was analyzed by One-Way Anova test, LSD Post-Hoc test and paired T test. Results :All groups induced by CCl4 shows elevated of ALT activity. The posttest results shows significant differences of ALT activity between groups (p<0,05). Conclusion : Andrographolide shows hepatoprotector effect by decrease the activity of ALT in male wistar rats induced by CCl4. The effective dose of andrographolide is 200 mg/kgBW
Pengenalan Emosi untuk Evaluasi User Experience pada Aplikasi Google Form dengan Metode K-Nearest Neighbor
No full textElectroencephalography (EEG) merupakan alat untuk merekam aktivitas gelombang otak yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memvalidasi tingkat kebergunaan dengan pendekatan user experience (UX) dalam mendesain antarmuka aplikasi. Proses pengujian UX secara umum termasuk mengamati Perubahan emosi seseorang yang sedang berinteraksi dengan aplikasi dimana hasilnya tidak bisa langsung disimpulkan. Klasifikasi emosi yang diteliti yaitu keadaan senang dan sedih. Emosi senang mempresentasikan kemudahan yang dirasakan saat berinteraksi dengan aplikasi, sedangkan emosi sedih merepresentasikan adanya perasaan bingung atau frustasi.Sinyal yang digunakan sinyal beta berjenis attention dengan stimulus pengerjaan task pada aplikasi google form. Penelitian ini mengaplikasikan metode K-Nearest Neighbor sebagai klasifikasi dengan ekstraksi fitur orde pertama. Responden yang digunakan sebanyak 30 dengan 3 kali Perulangan berjumlah 90 data. Sebanyak 20 responden 3 kali Perulangan berjumlah 60 data dijadikan sebagai data training dan 10 responden dengan 3 kali Perulangan berjumlah 30 data dijadikan sebagai data uji.Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil pengujian emosi seseorang dalam keadaan senang dan sedih. Pengujian yang dilakukan dengan Confusion Matrix untuk menentukan tingkat akurasi. Nilai akurasi tertinggi yang didapat pada pengujian sinyal beta berjenis attention sebesar 73,3%
Pengembangan Modul Berbasis Survey, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review (SQ4R) Pada Pembelajaran IPA
No full textThis research is motivated by the fact found in the field that the low optimization of the use of teaching materials used by students, which causes the low mastery of science learning materials at MTsN 1 Tanah Datar. The teaching materials used are in the form of textbooks as a guide for teachers in the learning process. The weakness of the material described is incomplete, the images presented are not clear, have unattractive colors and are less creative in learning and students are less affective in learning. In the end, students cannot develop skills independently, which will affect student learning outcomes. To address this problem, the purpose of this research is to produce teaching materials in the form of Modules Based on Survey, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review (SQ4R) on valid and practical science learning. The type of research applied through this activity is Research And Development using a 4-D model consisting of the Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate stages. The results showed that the module based on Survey, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review (SQ4R) was obtained, namely, the resulting module was very valid with a validity value of 85.3% and an average practicality with 90% results based on teacher questionnaire responses and 90% based on student questionnaire responses in the very practical category, so that the Survey, Question, Read, Reflect, Recite, Review (SQ4R) based module can be used
Isolation and Characterization of Magnetic Oil Palm Empty Fruits Bunch Cellulose Nanofiber Composite as a Bio-Sorbent for Cu(II) and Cr(VI) Removal
No full textIn the present study, magnetic oil palm empty fruits bunch cellulose nanofiber (M-OPEFB-CNF) composite was isolated by sol-gel method using cellulose nanofiber (CNF) obtained from oil palm empty fruits bunch (OPEFB) and Fe3O4 as magnetite. Several analytical methods were utilized to characterize the mechanical, chemical, thermal, and morphological properties of the isolated CNF and M-OPEFB-CNF. Subsequently, the isolated M-OPEFB-CNF composite was utilized for the adsorption of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) from aqueous solution with varying parameters, such as pH, adsorbent doses, treatment time, and temperature. Results showed that the M-OPEFB-CNF as an effective bio-sorbent for the removal of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. The adsorption isotherm modeling revealed that the Freundlich equation better describes the adsorption of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) on M-OPEFB-CNF composite. The kinetics studies revealed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model was a better-described kinetics model for the removal of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) using M-OPEFB-CNF composite as bio-sorbent. The findings of the present study showed that the M-OPEFB-CNF composite has the potential to be utilized as a bio-sorbent for heavy metals removal
TEMAN DJ (TEH MANGROVE DAUN JERUJU) SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DESA EMANG LESTARI
Get PDFKurangnya pemanfaatan Daun Jeruju sebagai produk olahan di Desa Emang Lestari disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang cara menambah pendapatan masyarakat melalui kegiatan sampingan yaitu olahan daun Jeruju menjadi Teh. Teh mangrove Daun Jeruju merupakan produk olahan yang akan kami kembangkan di Desa Emang Lestari. Teh mangrove Daun Jeruju sangat cocok dikembangkan di Desa Emang Lestari karena kegiatan rutinitas ibu rumah tangga yang selalu mengkonsumsi teh/kopi dan menyediakan teh/kopi untuk tamunya sehingga kebutuhan akan teh di desa tersebut tergolong tinggi. Metode yang akan kami gunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah dengan mengenalkan kepada masyarakat Desa Emang Lestari bahwa Daun Jeruju memiliki manfaat sebagai produk olahan Teh. Setelah masyarakat mengetahui manfaat Daun Jeruju selanjutnya kami akan mengadakan pelatihan pembuatan Teh Mangrove Daun Jeruju yang bisa dikembangkan oleh masyarakat sebagai kegiatan sampingan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi sebagai upaya dalam menambah pendapatan masyarakat di Desa Emang Lestari.Oleh karena itu, kami berharap dengan adanya PKM-M ini dapat menambah pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat Desa Emang Lestari Melalui Kegiatan Pengolahan Teh Mangrove Daun Jeruju Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa Emang Lestari dan meningkatkan rasa kepedulian masyarakat terhadap ekosistem mangrove sehingga ekosistem mangrove dapat terjaga
The impact of transformational leadership style on job satisfaction
No full textThe purpose of thisstudy is to examine the relationship between transformational leadership style and employee job satisfaction. Attaining employees’ job satisfaction is crucial to retain productive and efficient employees. Therefore, one of the ways that may be effective help managers in increasing the satisfaction among their followersis employing the right leadership style.An effective leader is one that command respect and trust by their followers.Four transformational leadership characteristics which are idealized influence, inspiration motivation, intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration are discussed.Transformational leaders perform in behavior that permits them to dole out as act models for their followers. They act in manners that inspire and stimulate those concerning them by bestowing challenge and meaning to their followers’ work. They need to rouse their followers’ efforts and wage distinct attention to every single individual follower’s needs for development. Base on literature review, most previous studies confirmed that these characteristics are significantly related to employees job satisfaction. An empirical study was conducted in a Government Linked Company in Malaysia. 378 employees from 6 different departments are invited to be the respondents of this research.The number of completed surveys which were returned to the researcher was 255.This represents a return rate of 67.46%. The findings show that only one of the four transformational leadership characteristics are found to have significant relationship with job satisfaction. Characteristic of individualized consideration are found to be contributed most in job satisfaction
Efektivitas Salep Ekstrak Etanol 70% Daun Sirih terhadap Epitelisasi Luka Tikus Putih
No full textDaun sirih (Piper betle Linn.) dapat berfungsi sebagai antiseptik, antioksidan, antibakteri, antiinflamasi, dan astringen sehingga berpotensi mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek salep ekstrak etanol 70% daun sirih terhadap fase epitelisasi tikus putih jantan galur wistar yang mengalami luka di area punggung. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Farmakologi dan Farmasi Klinis Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tanjungpura pada bulan November 2018 - Januari 2019 menggunakan desain posttest only controlled group design. Penelitian menggunakan 30 tikus yang dibagi 2 kelompok terdiri atas pengamatan hari ke-7 dan hari ke-14. Setiap kelompok pengamatan terdiri atas 5 kelompok, kelompok kontrol negatif (K-), kelompok kontrol positif (K+), kelompok sirih 7,5% (PI), kelompok sirih 15% (PII), dan kelompok sirih 30% (PIII). Setelah perlukaan, semua kelompok perlakuan dioleskan salep ekstrak etanol 70% daun sirih 2 kali sehari, pagi dan sore. Penilaian epitel menggunakan preparat histopatologi dengan pewarnaan hematoxylin-eosin. Analisis data menggunakan program ImageJ dan IBM SPSS v.24. Luka kelompok salep PII hari ke-7 mengalami epitelisasi luka paling baik dibandingkan kelompok lainnya, Pengukuran jarak antara folikel rambut pertama di tepi luka dan jarak antara dua tepi epitel luka pada hari ke-7 maupun hari ke-14 tidak berbeda signifikan pada semua kelompok. Disimpulkan salep ekstrak etanol 70% daun sirih 15% mempunyai daya penyembuhan luka yang baik pada fase epitelisasi hari ke-7. Effectiveness of Ointment 70% Ethanol Extract Betel Leaves against Wound Epitelialization on Rats Betel leaf (Piper betle Linn.) can function as an antiseptic, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and astringent so that it has the potential to accelerate the wound healing process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 70% betel leaf ethanol extract ointment on the epithelialization phase of Wistar male white rats with wounds in the back area. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Tanjungpura University in November 2018 - January 2019 using a posttest only controlled group design. The study used 30 rats divided into 2 groups consisting of observations on the 7th-day group and the 14th-day group. Each observation group consisted of 5 groups, a negative control group (K-), a positive control group (K +), a 7.5% betel group (PI), a 15% betel group (PII), and a 30% betel group (PIII). After wounding, all treatment groups were applied with 70% ethanol extract ointment of betel leaf 2 times a day, morning and evening. The epithelial assessment was using histopathological preparations with hematoxylineosin staining. Data analysis using ImageJ and IBM SPSS v.24 programs. Wounds of the PII ointment group on day 7 experienced the best wound epithelialization compared to other groups. Measurement of the distance between the first hair follicles at the wound edge and the distance between the two wound epithelial edges on day 7 and day 14 did not differ significantly in all groups. It was concluded that the 70% ethanol extract ointment of 15% betel leaf had a better wound healing process on the 7th day of the epithelialization phase
