Jurnal Fakultas Farmasi Umi (Universitas Muslim Indonesia)
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AKTIVITAS ANTIINFLAMASI EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT JERUK PAMELO (Citrus maxima) TERHADAP TIKUS (Rattus novergicus) DIINDUKSI KARAGEN LAMBDA
Full text linkInflammation is one of the body's responses due to injury caused by various infectious agents, for example microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites and foreign. Plants contain secondary metabolites that can treat inflammation. One of the compounds known to be an anti-inflammatory agent is flavonoids. Flavonoids have an anti-inflammatory mechanism of action by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzyme. Pamelo orange peel (Citrus maxima) contains alkaloids, flavonoids, lycopene, vitamin C, as well as pectin and tannin. This research aims to determine the activity and effective dose of ethanol extract of pomelo orange peel as an anti-inflammatory. This research used male rats (Rattus novergicus) as test animals which were divided into 5 treatment groups, namely negative control group, positive control group were given diclofenac sodium, groups III, IV and V were given a suspension of ethanol extract of pomelo orange peel with a concentration of 150 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB and 250 mg/kgBB. Rats were induced with 0.1 mL of lambda carrageenan intraplantarly while the drug and extract were administered orally. Measurements were taken after induction at the 30th minute, 1st hour to 6th hour. The results of the study showed that the ethanol extract of pomelo (Citrus maxima) orange peel dose 150 mg/kgBW has better activity in treating inflammation in rats among the other group
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK FERMENTAT ISOLAT FUNGI ENDOFIT KODE IFAZ-6 DARI AKAR BIDARA (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) TERHADAP BAKTERI Streptococcus mutans
Full text linkEndophytic fungi are microorganisms that reside within plant tissues and are known to produce secondary metabolites with antibacterial potential. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the fermented extract of the endophytic fungal isolate IFAZ-6, derived from the roots of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. (bidara), against Streptococcus mutans. The isolate was fermented for 21 days and extracted using ethyl acetate. The extract was tested for antibacterial activity using Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) at concentrations ranging from 0.2% to 25.6%, Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) from 3.2% to 25.6%, and agar diffusion assay at concentrations of 8%, 12%, and 16%. Inhibition zone diameters were analyzed statistically using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by the Mann–Whitney post hoc test to assess differences between concentration groups. The results showed an MIC value of 3.2% and an MBC of 6.4%. The agar diffusion assay revealed a maximum inhibition zone diameter of 9.86 mm at 16% concentration, with statistically significant differences between concentrations (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the fermented extract of IFAZ-6 possesses antibacterial activity against S. mutans, although its efficacy remains lower than that of the positive control, chloramphenico
EVALUASI KESESUAIAN PERESEPAN OBAT DIARE ANAK BERDASARKAN MANAJEMEN TERPADU BALITA SAKIT KEMENKES 2022 DI KLINIK “X” KABUPATEN SIDOARJO
Full text linkDiarrhea is an incident of defecation with a consistency that is more liquid than usual, with a frequency of three or more times per day. Improper and rapid management is the main cause of death from diarrhea. The Ministry of Health has begun to disseminate the Guidelines for the Management of Sick Toddler Therapy (MTBS) 2022. This study aims to evaluate the suitability of prescribing children's diarrhea medications by the Ministry of Health MTBS 2022 guidelines in the outpatient unit of Clinic "X" in Sidoarjo Regency. This study uses a descriptive evaluative design of the pattern of prescribing children's diarrhea based on the 2022 Ministry of Health MTBS, which was conducted during July - December 2023. The population in this study was the medical records of pediatric patients with diarrhea. Samples collected using a simple random technique with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were taken from medical records, including gender, age, diagnosis, and type of medication prescribed, and analyzed to evaluate prescribing based on the 2022 Ministry of Health MTBS guidelines. The results of the prescribing pattern analysis showed a single prescribing pattern for 10 patients (16.67%) and a combination for 50 patients (83.33%). The appropriate prescribing pattern included a combination of ORS and zinc for 2 (3.33%) and inappropriate single without ORS and zinc, single only zinc or ORS, combination without zinc and ORS, and combination with only zinc or ORS respectively 8 (13.33%), 2 (3.33%), 19 (31.67%) and 29 (48.33%). Evaluation of prescribing patterns that did not comply with the guidelines revealed that 96.67% of prescriptions were made without including the administration of a combination of oral rehydration salt (ORS) and zinc, whereas those that complied with the guidelines included combinations that included the administration of a combination of oral rehydration salt (ORS) and zinc in 3.33% of case
Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Krokot Herb (Portulaca oleracea L.) against Skin Infection Pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Propionibacterium acnes
Full text linkPurslane (Portulaca oleracea L.), a traditional herb, is rich in various secondary metabolites like flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, and saponins, known for their antibacterial properties. This study evaluates the antibacterial efficacy of ethanol extract of purslane against skin-infecting bacteria. Using the Agar diffusion method, the study tested the extract's activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Propionibacterium acnes. The results indicate significant antibacterial activity, with the highest inhibition observed at a 32% concentration, producing inhibition zones of 10.29 mm, 9.05 mm, and 8.59 mm against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and P. acnes, respectively. These findings suggest that purslane extract could be an effective antibacterial agent for treating skin infections. This study contributes to the understanding of the potential applications of purslane in medical treatments, emphasizing the need for further investigation into its bioactive compounds
Antibacterial Activity of N-Hexane and Ethyl Acetate Fractions Of Pandanus Nut (P. Julianettii) Against Oral Pathogens
Full text linkOral infections caused by Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis are common health problems. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Pandanus nut (Pandanus julianettii) with n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions against these pathogens through agar diffusion assays. The n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions were subjected to agar diffusion testing, with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values determined at 0.8% and 0.2% respectively against both bacterial strains. Subsequent Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) testing revealed values of 6.4-12.8% for n-hexane fraction and 3.2-6.4% for ethyl acetate fraction. In agar diffusion assays, the n-hexane fraction at 12.8% concentration produced inhibition zones of 15.54±0,20 mm on S. mutans and 15.46±0,35 mm on P. gingivalis. The ethyl acetate fraction showed significantly larger inhibition zones of 18.76±0,79 mm against S. mutans and 15.59±0,42 mm against P. gingivalis at the same concentration. These findings demonstrate that both n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of Pandanus nut possess substantial antibacterial activity against oral pathogens
Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extract of Porang Tubers (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Against the Growth of Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504, Shigella dysenteriae ATCC 13313 and Vibrio Cholerae ATCC 14035 Bacteria
Full text linkPorang tubers (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) are known as local plants that contain active compounds such as glucomannan, saponins and flavonoids, which are thought to act as antibacterials. This study was conducted to determine the extent of the ability of ethanol extract of porang tubers to inhibit and kill Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504, Shigella dysenteriae ATCC 13313, and Vibrio cholerae ATCC 14035 bacteria, by looking at the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values. The extract was made using the maceration method using 96% ethanol, then tested for antibacterial properties using the liquid dilution method for MIC and the drop plate method for MBC. The results showed the MIC value for the three test bacteria at a concentration of 50,000 ppm. Meanwhile, the MBC value was not achieved even at the highest concentration, which was 100,000 ppm. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the antibacterial effectiveness of ethanol extract of porang tubers is still relatively weak on Helicobacter pylori ATCC 43504, Shigella dysenteriae ATCC 13313, and Vibrio cholerae ATCC 14035 bacteria
EVALUASI SKRINING RESEP FASE PRESCRIBING ERROR PADA RESEP PEDIATRIK DI KLINIK MITRAKITA SEMARANG PERIODE JANUARI 2024
Full text linkThe issue of Medication Error in prescriptions can cause harm to patients that may result in a mistake in the use of drugs. Incomplete prescriptions, whether administratively, pharmaceutically, or clinically, can lead to medication errors. This study was conducted to evaluate the completeness of prescriptions in the administrative, pharmaceutical, and clinical aspects of pediatric prescriptions at the Mitrakita Clinic and to ascertain compliance with Minister of Health Regulation No. 34 of 2021. This research is an observational study that is descriptive in nature, using a retrospective data collection method on pediatric prescriptions at the Mitrakita Clinic for the month of January 2024. Data collection in this research employed random sampling with a sample size of 160 prescriptions. Prescriptions were evaluated for their compliance administratively, pharmaceutically, and clinically based on Minister of Health Regulation No. 34 of 2021. The data obtained was processed using SPSS with univariate analysis methods (descriptive analysis) and presented in the form of tables and percentages. This study aims to reduce the risk of medication errors in prescriptions at Mitrakita Clinic Semarang. Data from 160 prescriptions, after being tested and analyzed using SPSS, showed that the data were normally distributed and homogeneous. The results of the prescription screening evaluation for prescribing errors in pediatric prescriptions at Mitrakita Clinic Semarang showed that the percentage of errors in the administrative review was 29.922%, in the pharmaceutical review was 5.104%, and in the clinical review was 14.018%. Thus, the average medication error occurring in pediatric prescriptions at Mitrakita Clinic during January 2024 was 16.348%, leading to the conclusion that prescriptions made at Mitrakita Clinic Semarang are in accordance with Minister of Health Regulation No. 34 of 202
Potential of Antibacterial Producing Rhizosphere Bacteria from Porang Roots (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) against Gastrointestinal Pathogens
Full text linkIncreasing antibiotic resistance in gastrointestinal pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, and Vibrio cholerae encourages the search for new antimicrobial agents. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial potential of rhizosphere bacteria from porang roots (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) against the three pathogens through in vitro tests. Isolation was carried out from rhizosphere soil using a serial dilution technique. Eleven isolates were characterized morphologically and tested for antibacterial activity using the agar diffusion method. Two selected isolates (IBRAM-2 and IBRAM-11) were fermented and extracted with ethyl acetate. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) tests with the microdilution and drop plate methods, each with three replications and chloramphenicol as a positive control. The results showed an inhibition zone of 13.2–18.7 mm. The MIC value is 25,000 ppm, while the MBC value ranges from 25,000–50,000 ppm. Although it shows antibacterial activity, the high concentration required indicates weak antibacterial potential