9 research outputs found
Influence de la sclérolipomatose à l'IRM dans le suivi des patients atteints d'une maladie de Crohn iléale : étude rétrospective
No full textIntroduction: Creeping fat is common in ileal Crohn's disease patients. We tried to identify the factors linked with the development of creeping fat (CrF) and to describe its natural history. Additionnally, we studied if CrF can influence the occurrence of Crohn's disease (CD) relapse such as the use of a corticosteroid treatment (CST), the need of an hospitalization (H), or ileocecal resection (ICR). Materials and Method : Two groups of patients with an ileal CD were compared : with (CrFG) and without CrF ( NCrFG) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CrF was followed over time on several MRI, with quatitative measures. For each patient the use of CST, the need of an H and the ICR were reported from the first MRI to the date of the latest news. Results: 47 patients were included in the CrFG and 20 patients in the NCrFG. Factors linked with CrF were a stenosing disease according to the Montreal classification (0R 11 [3,1 ;52,2], p5 (OR 7,2 ; [2,0; 29,1], p=0,003). Over time, we saw a quantitative increase of the thickness and the surface of CrF. CrF was not a combined risk factor of CD relapse in multivariate analysis (HR = 0,84, [0,29;2,41], p=0,745). Conclusion: CrF is associated with severe and stenosing diseases. It is not a risk factor of CD relapse. The monitoring of CrF by quantitative measures on MRI doesn't seem necessary in the follow up of CD patients.Introduction : la sclérolipomatose (SL) est fréquente chez les patients suivis pour une maladie de Crohn (MC). Nous avons cherché à identifier les facteurs associés au développement de la SL et à décrire son histoire naturelle. Par ailleurs nous avons étudié si la SL influençait la survenue de rechute de la maladie (définie par une mise sous corticothérapie (CTC), une hospitalisation (H), une résection iléo caecale (RIC)). Matériels et méthodes : deux groupes de patients suivis pour une MC iléale ont été analysés, avec et sans SL à l'IRM (GS et GSS). La SL a été suivie au cours du temps sur plusieurs IRM, de manière quantitative. Pour chaque patient, ont été recueillies les mises sous CTC, les H et les RIC entre la première IRM et la date des dernières nouvelles. Résultats : 47 patients ont été inclus dans le GS et 20 dans le GSS. Les facteurs associés à la SL étaient une maladie sténosante selon la classification de Montréal (0R 11 [3,1 ;52,2], p5 (OR 7,2 [2,0; 29,1], p=0,003). Au cours du temps, il y avait une augmentation quantitative de l'épaisseur et de la surface de la SL sur les IRM. La SL n'était pas un facteur de risque combiné de rechute de la maladie en analyse multivariée (HR = 0,84 [0,29;2,41], p=0,745). Conclusion : la SL est associée à une maladie active et sténosante. Elle n'est pas associée à un risque de rechute de la maladie. Il ne semble pas y avoir d'intérêt à suivre quantitativement la SL sur les IRM à ce jour
Rejoindre la France ? Les choix des élites de Messine (1674-1678) et leurs conséquences
No full textAprès avoir analysé les parcours familiaux sur la longue durée, pour mieux comprendre les positionnements des élites de Messine, lors de la révolte qui a opposé Merli et Malvizzi, l’article cherche à évaluer les effets de la crise sur de possibles reconfigurations sociales : les exilés ont-ils réussi à s’insérer dans de nouveaux réseaux et de nouvelles fidélités ou à récupérer les positions qu’ils détenaient précédemment ? Dans quelle mesure la crise a-t-elle constitué une opportunité d’ascension sociale pour de nouvelles familles ? L’étude est centrée sur les membres du patriciat urbain de Messine et sur la noblesse féodale du Val Demone et utilise des sources diverses : principalement des listes d’appartenance institutionnelle et de positionnement politique durant la crise, des successions féodales et des généalogies mais aussi, ponctuellement, des consultes émises par le Conseil d’Italie qui permettent de saisir les relations entre le souverain et ses « fidèles » serviteurs.By analyzing the long-term family histories of Messina’s elites –including members of the urban patriciate or feudal nobility– this article sheds light on their positions during the revolt opposing the Merli and the Malvizzi. The author then assesses the impact of this crisis in terms of social reconfigurations: did the exiles succeed in securing new networks and new loyalties, or in recovering the positions they previously held? To what extent has the crisis been an opportunity for new families to move up the social ladder? The study is based on various sources, including lists of institutional membership and political loyalties during the crisis, feudal successions and genealogies, but also, occasionally, consultations issued by the Council of Italy, which document the relations between the sovereign and his “faithful” servants
New estimation of the NOx snow-source on the Antarctic Plateau - repository dataset
No full text<p>Notebook and data set used to present the results.</p>
<p>For more information, please, do not hesitate to contact the corresponding author to this study.</p>
Identification of heart rate-associated loci and their effects on cardiac conduction and rhythm disorders
No full textElevated resting heart rate is associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. In a 2-stage meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in up to 181,171 individuals, we identified 14 new loci associated with heart rate and confirmed associations with all 7 previously established loci. Experimental downregulation of gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster and Danio rerio identified 20 genes at 11 loci that are relevant for heart rate regulation and highlight a role for genes involved in signal transmission, embryonic cardiac development and the pathophysiology of dilated cardiomyopathy, congenital heart failure and/or sudden cardiac death. In addition, genetic susceptibility to increased heart rate is associated with altered cardiac conduction and reduced risk of sick sinus syndrome, and both heart rate-increasing and heart rate-decreasing variants associate with risk of atrial fibrillation. Our findings provide fresh insights into the mechanisms regulating heart rate and identify new therapeutic targets
Genetic interaction analysis among oncogenesis-related genes revealed novel genes and networks in lung cancer development
No full textThe development of cancer is driven by the accumulation of many oncogenesis-related genetic alterations and tumorigenesis is triggered by complex networks of involved genes rather than independent actions. To explore the epistasis existing among oncogenesis-related genes in lung cancer development, we conducted pairwise genetic interaction analyses among 35,031 SNPs from 2027 oncogenesis-related genes. The genotypes from three independent genome-wide association studies including a total of 24,037 lung cancer patients and 20,401 healthy controls with Caucasian ancestry were analyzed in the study. Using a two-stage study design including discovery and replication studies, and stringent Bonferroni correction for multiple statistical analysis, we identified significant genetic interactions between SNPs in RGL1:RAD51B (OR=0.44, p value=3.27x10 -11 in overall lung cancer and OR=0.41, p value=9.71x10 -11 in non-small cell lung cancer), SYNE1:RNF43 (OR=0.73, p value=1.01x10 -12 in adenocarcinoma) and FHIT:TSPAN8 (OR=1.82, p value=7.62x10 -11 in squamous cell carcinoma) in our analysis. None of these genes have been identified from previous main effect association studies in lung cancer. Further eQTL gene expression analysis in lung tissues provided information supporting the functional role of the identified epistasis in lung tumorigenesis. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed potential pathways and gene networks underlying molecular mechanisms in overall lung cancer as well as histology subtypes development. Our results provide evidence that genetic interactions between oncogenesis-related genes play an important role in lung tumorigenesis and epistasis analysis, combined with functional annotation, provides a valuable tool for uncovering functional novel susceptibility genes that contribute to lung cancer development by interacting with other modifier genes. Copyright: Li et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Effectiveness and Safety of a Second JAK Inhibitor in Ulcerative Colitis: The J2J Multicentre Study
No full textInternational audienceBackground While three Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) have demonstrated efficacy in ulcerative colitis (UC), scarce data exist regarding JAKi intraclass switching. Aim To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a second JAK inhibitor in UC. Methods This was a multicentre, retrospective, observational cohort including patients with moderate to severe UC who received a second‐line of JAKi after failure or intolerance of a first. The primary outcome was steroid‐free clinical remission (SFCR) at Weeks 8–14, defined as a partial Mayo score of 2 or less with no individual sub‐score above 1. Results Among the 169 patients from 28 participating centres, 105 received upadacitinib, 54 filgotinib and 10 tofacitinib as a second‐line of JAKi. Overall, 81/169 achieved SFCR at Weeks 8–14: 58/105 with upadacitinib, 18/54 with filgotinib and 5/10 with tofacitinib ( p = 0.03). In the multivariate analysis, upadacitinib was independently associated with higher odds of SFCR than filgotinib (OR = 3.15, 95% CI [1.52–6.79]). With a median follow‐up duration of 96 days, drug persistence at 6 months was 72.8% with upadacitinib, 57.2% with filgotinib and 66.7% with tofacitinib ( p = 0.099). 24.3% of patients (41/169) experienced at least one adverse event leading to treatment withdrawal in 9 patients (5%). No cases of death, cancer, or major acute cardiovascular events were reported. Conclusion A second‐line of JAKi provided clinical remission in about half of patients after induction, and was well tolerated
Risk of autoimmune diseases and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines: Six years of case-referent surveillance
No full textPhysical activity and risks of breast and colorectal cancer:A Mendelian randomization analysis
No full textPhysical activity has been associated with lower risks of breast and colorectal cancer in epidemiological studies; however, it is unknown if these associations are causal or confounded. In two-sample Mendelian randomisation analyses, using summary genetic data from the UK Biobank and GWA consortia, we found that a one standard deviation increment in average acceleration was associated with lower risks of breast cancer (odds ratio [OR]: 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27 to 0.98, P-value = 0.04) and colorectal cancer (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.48 to 0.90, P-value = 0.01). We found similar magnitude inverse associations for estrogen positive (ER+ve) breast cancer and for colon cancer. Our results support a potentially causal relationship between higher physical activity levels and lower risks of breast cancer and colorectal cancer. Based on these data, the promotion of physical activity is probably an effective strategy in the primary prevention of these commonly diagnosed cancers
