197 research outputs found
Population structure and male-biased dispersal in the short-tail stingray Bathytoshia brevicaudata (Myliobatoidei: Dasyatidae)
No full textSelective pressures driving dispersal in vagile species often differ between males and females, resulting in sex-biased dispersal. Male-biased dispersal is common in mammals, where there is greater reproductive investment by females, and there is emerging evidence for a similar pattern in elasmobranchs. We examine the population structure of the short-tail stingray (Bathytoshia brevicaudata), a large, viviparous coastal species common in southern hemisphere waters. Using 11 nuclear (nDNA) microsatellite markers from 202 individuals in comparison to mitochondrial (mtDNA) data reported by Le Port and Lavery (J Hered 103:174–185, 2012), we elucidate patterns of dispersal at both southern hemisphere and New Zealand scales. At a global scale, estimates of population differentiation were comparable across marker types (microsatellite FST = 0.148, p 0.05) than for mtDNA (ϕST = 0.054, p < 0.05). Female-only data displayed a greater degree of population differentiation from both nDNA and mtDNA compared to male-only data, and population assignment tests indicated that males were significantly more likely to be immigrants to the population from which they were sampled. We estimate that within New Zealand, male-mediated gene flow is at least fivefold greater than female-mediated gene flow. This molecular evidence for sex-biased dispersal in a batoid species adds further support to male-biased dispersal as a recurrent pattern in viviparous elasmobranchs. Many elasmobranch species are vulnerable to extinction, and understanding movement patterns is crucial to management of threatened populations
Population structure and phylogeography of the temperate stingray, Dasyatis brevicaudata (Hutton 1875) in the Southern Hemisphere
No full textThere is accumulating evidence that the degree of vagility explains little of the extent of population subdivision found within elasmobranch species. Instead, patterns of gene flow in elasmobranchs appear more closely linked to the presence of dispersal barriers, either physical or biological. Here, we investigate the potential role of some of these isolating mechanisms in shaping the population structure of a member of the stingray family Dasyatidae (Dasyatis brevicaudata) at various scales (southern hemisphere vs. coastal New Zealand). Analyses of the mitochondrial DNA control region from 176 individuals revealed significant genetic structure between South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand populations (analysis of molecular variance [AMOVA], overall VST 5 0.67, P , 0.001), although New Zealand and Australia shared some haplotypes. Surprisingly, significant population differentiation was found among several coastal New Zealand locations (AMOVA, overall VST 5 0.05, P , 0.05). However, data did not support the genetic differentiation between individuals from an offshore breeding area and mainland individuals. Comparisons suggest that these stingrays exhibit similar levels of population differentiation as other coastal elasmobranchs, with high divergence across oceanic basins and lower differentiation along continuous coastal habitats. Differences in coastal population structuring in elasmobranch species studied to date may be attributed to species-specific preferences for coastal habitats, which may be linked to life history functions (e.g., feeding and pupping)
Ravenna: port of stories, sea of change - an interdisciplinary analysis of the port of Ravenna: environment, history, identity, and transition in the age of human communities
Full text linkQuesta tesi di dottorato analizza il porto di Ravenna come "paesaggio culturale", esaminando l’intreccio tra storia, ambiente, cultura e dinamiche socio-economiche. Il porto viene studiato come elemento centrale nell’identità del territorio, capace di modellare lo spazio e la percezione delle comunità locali. La prima parte traccia l’evoluzione storica del porto, dal ruolo del Canale Candiano alle trasformazioni industriali del Novecento, sottolineando come sviluppo economico e identità culturale siano stati strettamente legati, rafforzando il ruolo strategico di Ravenna nel Mediterraneo. La seconda parte si concentra sugli ecosistemi locali, in particolare le Pialasse Baiona e Piomboni, le pinete e le dune costiere, evidenziando il valore ecologico di queste aree e le tensioni esistenti tra attività antropiche e fragilità ambientale, come l’erosione e l’inquinamento. La terza parte esplora le sfide attuali, tra cui la transizione energetica, la crisi climatica e lo sviluppo sostenibile. Progetti come AGNES, il rigassificatore e la cattura del carbonio vengono analizzati come esempi delle contraddizioni tra progresso e impatto ambientale. Parallelamente, la riqualificazione della Darsena è letta come laboratorio urbano che unisce memoria, innovazione e partecipazione. La tesi si conclude con la proposta di un atlante digitale georiferito, pensato per integrare dati frammentati e migliorare la pianificazione sostenibile, rafforzando la visione del porto come spazio anfibio, dove cultura e natura si influenzano reciprocamente.This doctoral thesis examines the port of Ravenna as a "cultural landscape," exploring the interweaving of history, environment, culture, and socio-economic dynamics. The port is considered a central element in shaping the identity of the territory and influencing how local communities perceive their surroundings. The first part outlines the historical evolution of the port, from the importance of the Candiano Canal to the industrial transformations of the 20th century. It highlights how economic development and cultural identity have been closely linked, reinforcing Ravenna's strategic role in the Mediterranean. The second part focuses on local ecosystems, particularly the Pialasse Baiona and Piomboni, as well as pine forests and coastal dunes. These areas are ecologically and culturally valuable, yet face ongoing tensions between human activities and environmental vulnerability, such as erosion and pollution. The third part addresses current challenges related to the port, including the energy transition, climate crisis, and sustainable development. Projects like AGNES, the Ravenna regasification plant, and carbon capture technologies are analyzed as examples of the conflict between energy needs and environmental impact. At the same time, the redevelopment of the Darsena is presented as an urban lab that combines memory, innovation, and community participation. The thesis concludes with the creation of a georeferenced digital atlas designed to overcome data fragmentation and improve sustainable planning. This tool enhances accessibility and promotes a comprehensive understanding of Ravenna’s territory, reinforcing the idea of the port as an amphibious space where culture and environment constantly interact
Les femmes rurales sénégalaises à l’épreuve de la Covid-19
No full textNational audienceThe study is conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic between 04 June and 04 August 2020. It targets 3967 women to be surveyed by telephone in the regions of Kaolack and Kolda. In the end, 3003 of them were surveyed. The survey focused on four dimensions: respect for barrier gestures; help and assistance received during the crisis; information received on Covid-19 and perceptions; and the impacts of Covid-19 on women’s experiences. The results show that rural women are at the forefront of the response to the Covid-19. They are receptive to the recommended barrier measures and show a resilience that makes the rural world a laboratory of good practice. At the same time, the media is a powerful lever for disseminating awareness messages on Covid-19 to rural women.L’étude est réalisée pendant la pandémie de Covid-19 entre le 04 juin et le 04 août 2020. Elle a pour cible 3967 femmes à enquêter au téléphone dans les régions de Kaolack et de Kolda. Au final, 3003 d’entre-elles ont été enquêtées. L’enquête s’est focalisée sur quatre dimensions que sont : le respect des gestes barrières ; l’aide et l’assistance reçues pendant la crise ; l’information reçue sur la Covid-19 et les perceptions ; et les impacts de la Covid-19 sur le vécu des femmes. Les résultats montrent que les femmes rurales sont aux avant-postes de la riposte contre la Covid-19. Elles sont réceptives aux mesures barrières préconisées et font preuve d’une résilience faisant du monde rural un laboratoire de bonnes pratiques. Parallèlement, les médias constituent un puissant levier de diffusion des messages de sensibilisation sur la Covid-19 auprès des femmes rurales
Penerapan e-ticketing pada pelabuhan roro air putih - sei selari
Full text linkThis final project research aims to find out how e-ticketing is implemented from the
management aspect at roro ports, to find out the impact of not having passengers
recorded in implementing e-ticketing at roro ports, and to find out how efforts are
being made so that roro port passengers are recorded in the manifest on
implementation of e-ticketing. The formulation of the problem is how to implement e-
ticketing from the management aspect at roro ports, what are the impacts of not
having passengers recorded on e-ticketing implementation and how are efforts to
ensure that roro port passengers are recorded in the manifest on e-ticketing
implementation. The place of this research is at the Roro Airputih – Sei Seri crossing
port which was carried out from February 2023 to August 2023. The research
method used is a qualitative method, in this case the author collects data using
collection methods including observation, interviews, and documentation, with direct
observation to the field, namely at the Roro Bengkalis port, interviews with users,
managers, and also with parties claiming insurance and direct documentation of e-
ticketing input officers. The results of the study are that there are no recorded
passengers in a vehicle which causes passengers or service users not to be recorded
on the manifest so that it is difficult to claim insurance in the event of an accident or
other incident against passengers in the implementation of e-ticketing at Roro Air
Putih port - Sei Selari
Biophysical modelling of snapper Pagrus auratus larval dispersal from a temperate MPA
Full text linkA high-resolution 3D biophysical model was used to investigate the patterns of larval transport for an important commercial and recreational temperate fish, snapper Pagrus auratus, from a well-established marine reserve (Cape Rodney to Okakari Point marine reserve, CROP), and spawning ground. Our focus was to study the effects of local hydrodynamics, contrasting larval vertical behaviours and changing El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycles (via their effect on wind forcing) on the potential larval supply to adjacent non-protected areas. The model suggests the CROP marine reserve provides significant larval subsidies within a relatively small scale (≤40 km), the details of which depend on larval behaviour and ENSO patterns. Changing ENSO patterns mostly affected the dispersal direction of larvae, while larval behaviour was a strong driver only under La Niña conditions. Modelling suggests that under El Niño conditions, snapper larvae are more likely to settle successfully and hence make a strong contribution to surrounding fished stocks. Understanding the contribution of MPAs to fisheries management will require multiple approaches. Modelling will help identify the strength of contributing physical and biological factors, and in due course enable site- and time-specific examples of larval subsidy to be generalised
Got milk?
No full textPRODUITS ET OUTILS INFORMATIQUES / Publications informatiques (Blogs, sites de discussion philosophique et de critique littéraire et d’art, les carnets de recherche inscrits sur Hypothèses.org, les Carnets des jeunes chercheurs de l’unité …)/ https://www.ifpri.org/blog/got-mil
Got milk?
No full textPRODUITS ET OUTILS INFORMATIQUES / Publications informatiques (Blogs, sites de discussion philosophique et de critique littéraire et d’art, les carnets de recherche inscrits sur Hypothèses.org, les Carnets des jeunes chercheurs de l’unité …) / https://www.ifpri.org/blog/got-mil
A community edutainment intervention for gender-based violence, sexual and reproductive health, and maternal and child health in rural Senegal: a process evaluation
Full text linkBACKGROUND: Edutainment aims to spread educational messages in an entertaining way, and often reaches large audiences. While studies increasingly report the impacts of edutainment interventions, there is limited context-specific evidence on the underlying processes and barriers to effective delivery, especially in rural areas. This article presents results from a process evaluation of a community-based edutainment intervention designed to improve knowledge, attitudes, and practices on gender-based violence (GBV), sexual and reproductive health (SRH), and maternal and child health. The intervention focused on the television series, C’est la Vie!, screened through biweekly film clubs in rural Senegal and included post-screening discussions and thematic workshops, meant to reinforce messages, increase knowledge, and change social norms. The objectives of this study were to assess intervention adaptation, implementation fidelity, participants’ responsiveness or engagement, and series appropriateness. METHODS: The intervention was implemented from December 2019 to March 2020 in 120 villages in Kaolack and Kolda regions of Senegal, and targeted adolescent girls and young women aged 14 to 34. The process evaluation was carried out in March 2020 in 14 villages using: i) individual semi-structured interviews with implementers (n = 3), village chiefs (n = 8), married women (n = 9), adolescent girls (n = 8), and men (n = 8); ii) focus groups with men (n = 7, 29 participants) and women (n = 10, 100 participants); and iii) observations of screening sessions (n = 4) and post-screening discussions (n = 2). Data were analyzed using thematic and content analysis. RESULTS: The results highlight that adaptation of the intervention helped reach the target population and improved participant attendance, but might have compromised fidelity to original design, as intervention components were shortened and modified for rural delivery and some facilitators made ad hoc modifications. The screenings coverage and frequency were adequate; however, their duration was shortened due to COVID-19 restrictions in Senegal. Participant responsiveness was excellent, as was the series appropriateness for most topics, including GBV. SRH remains a sensitive topic for youth, especially when the film clubs included non-peers, such as slightly older women. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that using film clubs to deliver sensitive edutainment content in rural areas is feasible and has potential for scale-up. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13570-6
Nutrition-based incentives in dairy contract farming in Northern Senegal
No full textInternational audienc
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