5,217 research outputs found
Intrinsic paramagnetic Meissner effect due to s-wave odd-frequency superconductivity
No full textIn 1933, Meissner and Ochsenfeld reported the expulsion of magnetic flux-the diamagnetic Meissner effect-from the interior of superconducting lead. This discovery was crucial in formulating the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory of superconductivity. In exotic superconducting systems BCS theory does not strictly apply. A classical example is a superconductor-magnet hybrid system where magnetic ordering breaks time-reversal symmetry of the superconducting condensate and results in the stabilization of an odd-frequency superconducting state. It has been predicted that under appropriate conditions, odd-frequency superconductivity should manifest in the Meissner state as fluctuations in the sign of the magnetic susceptibility, meaning that the superconductivity can either repel (diamagnetic) or attract (paramagnetic) external magnetic flux. Here, we report local probe measurements of faint magnetic fields in a Au=Ho=Nb trilayer system using low-energy muons, where antiferromagnetic Ho (4.5 nm) breaks time-reversal symmetry of the proximity-induced pair correlations in Au. From depth-resolved measurements below the superconducting transition of Nb, we observe a local enhancement of the magnetic field in Au that exceeds the externally applied field, thus proving the existence of an intrinsic paramagnetic Meissner effect arising from an odd-frequency superconducting state.Peer reviewe
Fred Meissner, pioneer personal history
No full textTranscript from an interview with Fred Meissner, a former Ogden policeman, who immigrated from Germany in 1884. Transcript by Maurice L. Howe of Ogden in 193
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Origin and regenerative potential of vertebrate mechanoreceptor-associated stem cells
No full textWidera D, Hauser S, Kaltschmidt C, Kaltschmidt B. Origin and regenerative potential of vertebrate mechanoreceptor-associated stem cells. Anatomy Research International. 2012;2012:1-9.Meissner corpuscles and Merkel cell neurite complexes are highly specialized mechanoreceptors present in the hairy and glabrous skin, as well as in different types of mucosa. Several reports suggest that after injury, such as after nerve crush, freeze injury, or dissection of the nerve, they are able to regenerate, particularly including reinnervation and repopulation of the mechanoreceptors by Schwann cells. However, little is known about mammalian cells responsible for these regenerative processes. Here we review cellular origin of this plasticity in the light of newly described adult neural crest-derived stem cell populations. We also discuss further potential multipotent stem cell populations with the ability to regenerate disrupted innervation and to functionally recover the mechanoreceptors. These capabilities are discussed as in context to cellularly reprogrammed Schwann cells and tissue resident adult mesenchymal stem cells
Value-At-Risk Optimal Policies for Revenue Management Problems
No full textConsider a single-leg dynamic revenue management problem with fare classes controlled by capacity in a risk-averse setting. The revenue management strategy aims at limiting the down-side risk, and in particular, value-at-risk. A value-at-risk optimised policy offers an advantage when considering applications which do not allow for a large number of reiterations. They allow for specifying a confidence level regarding undesired scenarios. We state the underlying problem as a Markov decision process and provide a computational method for computing policies, which optimise the value-at-risk for a given confidence level. This is achieved by computing dynamic programming solutions for a set of target revenue values and combining the solutions in order to attain the requested multi-stage risk-averse policy. Numerical examples and comparison with other risk-sensitive approaches are discussed
Hjalmar Meissner (1885-1940)
No full textCarl Hjalmar Meissner was born 1 March 1865 in Helsinki, Finland and died 28 May 1940 in Stockholm. He was a Finnish-Swedish pianist, conductor, arranger, composer and author. As a conductor, he worked mainly as a bandleader for military music and theatre ensembles, but also as an opera and symphony orchestra conductor. His profession as a composer arose mostly from his work as pianist and conductor. He was married to operetta singer Emma Meissner in 1899.</p
[''Thomas Rogers'' locomotive, Rogers Locomotive & Machine Works]
No full textLithograph created ca. 1850s; negative created ca. 1900-1909. [Text on lithograph] ''Paterson.'' Rogers Locomotive & Machine Works, Paterson, New Jersey. J. H. Meissner, Del. Lith. and printed in colors by Endicott & Co
Observation and control of hybrid spin-wave-Meissner-current transport modes
No full textSuperconductors are materials with zero electrical resistivity and the ability to expel magnetic fields, which is known as the Meissner effect. Their dissipationless diamagnetic response is central to magnetic levitation and circuits such as quantum interference devices. In this work, we used superconducting diamagnetism to shape the magnetic environment governing the transport of spin waves-collective spin excitations in magnets that are promising on-chip signal carriers-in a thin-film magnet. Using diamond-based magnetic imaging, we observed hybridized spin-wave-Meissner-current transport modes with strongly altered, temperature-tunable wavelengths and then demonstrated local control of spin-wave refraction using a focused laser. Our results demonstrate the versatility of superconductor-manipulated spin-wave transport and have potential applications in spin-wave gratings, filters, crystals, and cavities.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.QN/vanderSarlabQN/Kavli Nanolab DelftQN/Blanter Grou
Miss Reba Wayne Williams, J. M. Williams, John Holt, Bill Page, and Mack Meissner
No full textMiss Reba Wayne Williams of Lubbock, who recently underwent the first successful operation for restoration of a faulty heart valve in Boston, is carried off a train in Fort Worth by her brother, J. M. Williams of Ballinger. Bhind them wearing a hat is Miss Williams\u27 uncle, John Holt of 3001 Fitzhugh, and Bill Page, a Meissner ambulance attendant. A second ambulance attendant, Mack Meissner, assists from the station platform. published in Fort Worth Star-Telegram evening edition March 4, 1950.https://mavmatrix.uta.edu/specialcollections_startelegram1950s/2455/thumbnail.jp
Meissner effect in Fock space
No full textBy periodically driving a single bosonic Josephson junction (BJJ) with an
impurity, a synthetic gauge field is generated in the Fock space of the system.
At a critical synthetic gauge flux the ground state undergoes a quantum phase
transition which is analogous to the Meissner-Abrikosov-vortex transition found
in type-II superconductors with an applied magnetic field. A second quantum
phase transition involving attractive interactions between the bosons of the
BJJ is shown to enhance the sensitivity of the system to the
Meissner-Abrikosov-vortex transition.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Evidence for the decay B0→J/ψω and measurement of the relative branching fractions of meson decays to J/ψη and J/ψη′
No full textFirst evidence of the B 0 → J / ψ ω decay is found and the B s 0 → J / ψ η and B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ decays are studied using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb -1 collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The branching fractions of these decays are measured relative to that of the B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0 decay:frac(B (B 0 → J / ψ ω), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 0.89 ± 0.19 (stat) - 0.13 + 0.07 (syst),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 14.0 ± 1.2 (stat) - 1.5 + 1.1 (syst) - 1.0 + 1.1 (frac(f d, f s)),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 12.7 ± 1.1 (stat) - 1.3 + 0.5 (syst) - 0.9 + 1.0 (frac(f d, f s)), where the last uncertainty is due to the knowledge of f d / f s, the ratio of b-quark hadronization factors that accounts for the different production rate of B 0 and B s 0 mesons. The ratio of the branching fractions of B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ and B s 0 → J / ψ η decays is measured to befrac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B s 0 → J / ψ η)) = 0.90 ± 0.09 (stat) - 0.02 + 0.06 (syst)
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