559 research outputs found
"Un grand voix". Wilson and French Socialism Between the Great War and its Aftermath
No full textIn a 1959 book that has become a seminal study of the reaction of European political actors facing Wilsonianism, Arno J. Mayer examined the conduct of the French Socialist Party, the SFIO (French Section of the Workers’ International), during the various phases of Wilson’s political and diplomatic actions. Mayer identified the year between the dissemination of the Fourteen Points and the beginning of the Paris Peace Conference as the high point of Wilsonianism’s influence on the European political panoram
Geoarchaeology of Magdala harbour and Tel Akko (Israel)
No full textWith the support of the MISTRALS-ENVIMED-GEOSISRAEL program and A*MIDEX GEOMED project, we have been able to reconstruct the palaeo-environmental evolution of two ancient harbours in Israel. Harbour geoarchaeology was mainly developed in Israel by the late Avner Raban, founding member of the RIMS multidisciplinary research unit in 1972 at Haifa University. Since these pionneering years, a series of geoarchaeological projects have focused on different ancient harbours, mainly at Caesarea, Dor, and Atlit. Paradoxically, landscape evolution of the major harbour sites of Magdala and Tel Akko have been neglected until two comprehensive multidisciplinary archaeological projects were recently started.
Recent excavations undertaken in the ancient city of Magdala, located on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee, have unearthed a harbour structure extending for more than 100 m, dating from the late Hellenistic (167-63 BC) to the middle Roman (70-270 AD) periods, with well-preserved quays and mooring stones. An integrated (geomorphological, sedimentological, micropalaeontological and archaeological) study of the sedimentary succession buried beneath the ancient harbour area reveals the harbour’s main evolutionary stages, shedding new light on the natural versus anthropogenic controls on sedimentation. Three sedimentary sequences reflect the recent palaeoenvironmental evolution of Magdala. These include: 1) a pre-harbour foundation sequence; 2) a harbour sequence from the 3rd-2nd centuries BC to the first half of the 1st century AD. The substantial increase of ostracod species (Pseudocandona albicans) preferring calm waters and fine-grained facies point to the establishment of a protected, shallow and organic-rich setting. The increase in sodium and potassium concentrations is accompanied by the sudden appearance of Heterocypris salina, a brackish-tolerant species, and by the dominance of noded valves of Cyprideis torosa ; and 3) a harbour abandonment sequence dated ca. 270-350 years AD.
Archaeological excavations at Tel Akko, east of the present city, revealed imported artifacts and evidence for maritime trade from the Middle Bronze Age (2200–1500 years BC) onwards. The findings strongly indicated that a harbour had been developed on this site even though its exact location and associated facilities were still to be determined. Sedimentological and paleontological analyses together with 14C dating of cores provide new palaeo-environmental information allowing for the reconstruction of shoreline changes over the last 4000 years. Firstly, we propose that the southern face of the tell constituted the harbor environment,with lagoonal-marine characteristics until ca. 2800 years BP; and that the site was protected by a natural rocky breakwater and a spit which were eventually silted up and transformed into a continental marsh. This environment might have been used as a harbour by inhabitants before the archaic period. Secondly, it seems that the west side of the tell was lined by a sandy coast that had prograded offering an open anchorage until the Persian period. These results must be cross-validated by future archaeological excavations aimed at more accurately locating the ancient harbour structures.
2013, Kaniewski D., Van Campo E., Morhange C., Guiot J., Zviely D., Shaked I., Otto T., Artzy M., Early urban impact on Mediterranean coastal environments, Nature Scientific Reports, 3.
2013, Sarti G., Rossi V., Amorosi A., De Luca S., Lena A., Morhange C., Ribolini A., Sammartino I., Bertoni D., Zanchetta G., Magdala harbour sedimentation (sea of Galilee, Israel), from natural to anthropogenic control, Quaternary International, 303, pp. 120-131.
2014, Anthony E. J., Marriner N., Morhange C., Human influence and the changing geomorphology of Mediterranean deltas and coasts over the last 6000 years: from progradation to destruction phase? Earth Science Reviews, 139, pp. 336–361.
2014, Kaniewski D., Van Campo E., Morhange C., Guiot J., Zviely D., Le Burel S., Otto T., Artzy M., Vulnerability of ecosystems facing long-term changes along the Mediterranean coast of Israel, PLoS ONE, 9, 7.
2014, Marriner N., Morhange C., Kaniewski D., Carayon N., Ancient harbour infrastructure in the Levant: tracking the birth and rise of new forms of anthropogenic pressure, Nature Scientific Reports, 4, 5554.
2014, Morhange C., Salamon A., Bony G., Flaux C., Galili E., Goiran J.-P., Zviely D., Geoarchaeology of tsunamis and the revival of neo-catastrophism in the Eastern Mediterranean, in Rome "La Sapienza" Studies on the Archaeology of Palestine & Transjordan (ROSAPAT 11), Overcoming catastrophes, pp. 31-51.
2015, Morhange C., Marriner N., Carayon N., The geoarchaeology of ancient Mediterranean harbours, in French geoarchaeology in the 21st century, G. Arnaud-Fassetta and N. Carcaud eds., CNRS editions, Alpha, Paris, pp. 281-289.
2015, Rossi V., Sammartino I., Amorosi A., Sarti G., De Luca S., Lena A., Morhange C., New insights into the palaeoenvironmental evolution of Magdala ancient harbour (Sea of Galilee, Israel) from ostracod assemblages, geochemistry and sedimentology, Journal of Archaeological Science, 54, pp. 356-373
El doctorando en Historia y la tesis doctoral : una reflexión sobre la narrativa académica
No full textEl objetivo del presente artículo es proporcionar una reflexión acerca de la narrativa académica. Más en concreto, se propone formular algunas consideraciones sobre el proceso de escritura que tiene que afrontar el aspirante a doctor en Historia y señalar determinados puntos de carácter práctico que se consideran importantes para redactar correctamente una tesis doctoral: el estudio de la gramática, el uso de los diccionarios, el estilo narrativo, el hábito de la lectura como entrenamiento lingüístico cotidiano, la elección de la lengua en la que se escribirá la tesis, etc.L'objectiu del present article és proporcionar una reflexió sobre la narrativa acadèmica. Més en concret, es proposa formular algunes consideracions sobre el procés d'escriptura que ha d'afrontar l'aspirant a doctor en Història i assenyalar determinats punts de caràcter pràctic que es consideren importants per redactar una tesi doctoral: l'estudi de la gramàtica, l'ús dels diccionaris, l'estil narratiu, l'hàbit de la lectura com a entrenament lingüístic quotidià, l'elecció de la llengua en què s'escriurà la tesi, etc.The goal of this article is to do a reflection about scholar narrative. More specifically, the author wants to enunciate some considerations on the writing process that a PhD in History student must face up to, and to show some practical features very important in order to write a PhD thesis: study of grammar, use of the dictionaries, writing style, reading habit as a linguistic daily training, choose of the language in which the thesis will be written, etc
Hydraulic external pre-isolator system for LIGO
No full textThe hydraulic external pre-isolator (HEPI) is the first six degrees of freedom active seismic isolation system implemented at the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO). Implementation was first completed at the LIGO Livingston Observatory (LLO) prior to LIGOʼs fifth science run7, successfully cutting down the disturbance seen by LLOʼs suspended optics in the two most prominent seismic disturbance bands, the microseism (0.1–0.3 Hz) and the anthropogenic (1–3 Hz) bands, by a factor of a few to tens. The improvement in seismic isolation contributed directly to LLOʼs much improved duty cycle of 66.7% and LIGOʼs triple coincident duty cycle of 53%. We report the design, control scheme, and isolation performance of HEPI at LLO in this paper. Aided by this success, funding for incorporating HEPI into the LIGO Hanford Observatory was approved and installation is currently underway.S Wen, R Mittleman, K Mason, J Giaime, R Abbott, J Kern, B OʼReilly, R Bork, M Hammond, C Hardham, B Lantz, W Hua, D Coyne, G Traylor, H Overmier, T Evans, J Hanson, O Spjeld, M Macinnis, K Mailand, D Ottaway, D Sellers, K Carter and P Sari
Valorizzazione della diversità e sviluppo nella campagna contemporanea: la costruzione del web rurale in Lunigiana
No full textThe European countryside has undergone a deep transformation. The ‘national farm’ put in place in the post-war period has given way to a ‘differentiated countryside’, which alludes to the ever growing diversity, dynamics and complexity of the contemporary countryside emerging from as a double rural restructuring process of de-assembling and re-assembling. The de-assembling process concerns with the shattering of the national agricultural based structures of the post-war period countryside, while the construction of hybrid networks (material and immaterial, human and non human, rural and non-rural, local and non-local) is the process through which rural territories are being re-assembled. Indeed, the countryside socio-economic structures encased within strong nation-states has been displaced by heterogeneous constellations of networks. Rural territories are increasingly moving along distinct and diverse development trajectories and these trajectories are driven by a differing constellations of networks now to be found in the new rural spaces. Therefore, instead of thinking of rural places as areas with boundaries around, they can be imagined as articulated moments in networks of social relations and understandings, they can be imagined as rural webs: ‘meeting place’ of hybrid networks. Introducing the theoretical category of “rural web” and adopting the rural web category to the analysis of the experience of Lunigiana – a rural territory located in the extreme north of Tuscany (Italy) – the author aims at explaining the new trajectories of development of the emerging contemporary differentiated-networked rurality
El doctorando en Historia y la tesis doctoral : una reflexión sobre la narrativa académica
No full textEl objetivo del presente artículo es proporcionar una reflexión acerca de la narrativa académica. Más en concreto, se propone formular algunas consideraciones sobre el proceso de escritura que tiene que afrontar el aspirante a doctor en Historia y señalar determinados puntos de carácter práctico que se consideran importantes para redactar correctamente una tesis doctoral: el estudio de la gramática, el uso de los diccionarios, el estilo narrativo, el hábito de la lectura como entrenamiento lingüístico cotidiano, la elección de la lengua en la que se escribirá la tesis, etc.L'objectiu del present article és proporcionar una reflexió sobre la narrativa acadèmica. Més en concret, es proposa formular algunes consideracions sobre el procés d'escriptura que ha d'afrontar l'aspirant a doctor en Història i assenyalar determinats punts de caràcter pràctic que es consideren importants per redactar una tesi doctoral: l'estudi de la gramàtica, l'ús dels diccionaris, l'estil narratiu, l'hàbit de la lectura com a entrenament lingüístic quotidià, l'elecció de la llengua en què s'escriurà la tesi, etc.The goal of this article is to do a reflection about scholar narrative. More specifically, the author wants to enunciate some considerations on the writing process that a PhD in History student must face up to, and to show some practical features very important in order to write a PhD thesis: study of grammar, use of the dictionaries, writing style, reading habit as a linguistic daily training, choose of the language in which the thesis will be written, etc
“An aunt who was a bit of a feminist”: Ford politico e la sceneggiatura di "Il massacro di Fort Apache"
No full textJohn Ford has often been seen, sometimes liquidated, as a ‘patriarchal’ author: an Irish-American filmmaker deeply connected to his Catholic heritage specialized in ‘masculine’ genres such as westerns and war films; an enthusiastic Navy officer, during and after Second World War; the director who launched John Wayne, one of the most openly reactionary Hollywood stars. It is not only now, in times of woke culture, that the figure of Ford is problematic from a political point of view. Even when he was alive, John Ford was often referred to as a conservative, if not a racist. This kind of reading, inevitably, does not hold up to careful analysis, even for the simple fact that the Fordian corpus consists of about 150 titles. Many of Ford’s movies offer stories and characters full of interesting ideological nuances. After a general presentation of the political dimension of Ford’s filmography, the essay focuses on a specific case study, Fort Apache (1948), working in particular on materials from the John Ford Papers (story line, character biographies, screenplay), examining which the progressive and even feminist nature of the film, already evident on screen, becomes even clearer and more disorienting.John Ford è spesso considerato, talvolta liquidato, come un autore “patriarcale”: un Irish-American molto legato alle sue origini cattoliche, specializzato in generi “maschili” quali il western e il war film; un membro entusiasta della Marina degli Stati Uniti, durante e dopo la Seconda guerra mondiale, che non perdeva occasione per sfoggiare la sua uniforme; il regista legato a filo doppio a John Wayne, il più vistosamente reazionario dei divi di Hollywood. Non è solo ora, in tempi di woke culture, che la figura di Ford risulta problematica sul piano politico. Già quando era vivo, John Ford veniva spesso indicato come un conservatore, se non addirittura un razzista. La prima monografia italiana a lui dedicata, scritta da Tullio Kezich negli anni Cinquanta, di fatto giudica tutti i film di Ford successivi a Stagecoach (Ombre rosse, 1939) e The Grapes of Wrath (Furore, 1940) irrilevanti sul piano artistico e destrorsi su quello politico.
Questo tipo di lettura, inevitabilmente, anche per il semplice fatto che il corpus fordiano è composto da circa 150 titoli, non regge a un’analisi attenta. Innanzi tutto, negli anni Trenta, Ford si definisce un socialdemocratico (cfr. Dan Ford, p. 79) e The Grapes of Wrath è senza dubbio uno dei film più a sinistra mai usciti dagli studios hollywoodiani nel periodo classico. E anche dopo la Seconda guerra mondiale, quando certo Ford “svolta a destra”, i suoi film, così come le sue prese di posizione pubbliche, sono tutt’altro che univoci in termini politici. Se in molti film troviamo un evidente amore per l’istituzione militare, personaggi come quelli interpretati da Henry Fonda in Fort Apache (Il massacro di Fort Apache, 1948) e Karl Malden in Cheyenne Autumn (Il grande sentiero, 1964) offrono una netta condanna del militarismo. Se, da un lato, The Sun Shines Bright (Il sole splende alto, 1953) contiene molti degli stereotipi oggi considerati razzisti sul mito del Vecchio Sud e della lost cause, dall’altro la trama del film – un film realizzato in pieno maccartismo – gira attorno a uno dei temi più caldi e controversi della storia dei rapporti tra bianchi e neri in America (e altrove): l’accusa, che si rivelerà falsa, di stupro di una donna bianca da parte di un nero, un meccanismo narrativo che Ford riprende anche in un film successivo, Sergeant Rutledge (I dannati e gli eroi, 1960). E un discorso analogo vale anche per la rappresentazione delle figure femminili e dei rapporti uomo-donna. Come ha messo in evidenza Gaylyn Studlar, i western di Ford sono in buona misura estranei al paradigma fiedleriano del maschio in fuga dalle donne e dal matrimonio. Nel suo cinema, western e non, il patriarcato non è mai trionfante, ma sempre in via di disgregazione, sotto i colpi della modernità.
Dopo un inquadramento generale sul Ford politico, il saggio si concentrerà su uno specifico case study, Fort Apache, lavorando in particolare sui materiali dei John Ford Papers (il soggetto, le biografie dei personaggi, e la sceneggiatura), esaminando i quali la natura progressista e finanche femminista del film, già evidente in proiezione, diviene ancora più chiara e spiazzante.
 
A gravitational wave observatory operating beyond the quantum shot-noise limit
No full textAround the globe several observatories are seeking the first direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs). These waves are predicted by Einstein’s general theory of relativity and are generated, for example, by black-hole binary systems. Present GW detectors are Michelson-type kilometre-scale laser interferometers measuring the distance changes between mirrors suspended in vacuum. The sensitivity of these detectors at frequencies above several hundred hertz is limited by the vacuum (zero-point) fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. A quantum technology—the injection of squeezed light—offers a solution to this problem. Here we demonstrate the squeezed-light enhancement of GEO600, which will be the GWobservatory operated by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration in its search for GWs for the next 3–4 years. GEO600 now operates with its best ever sensitivity, which proves the usefulness of quantum entanglement and the qualification of squeezed light as a key technology for future GW astronomy.J. Abadie... M.R. Ganija... D.J. Hosken... J. Munch... D.J. Ottaway... P.J. Veitch... et al. J. Abadie... M. R. Ganija...D. J. Hosken... J. Munch... D. J. Ottaway... P. J. Veitch... et al., (LIGO Scientific Collaboration
Implications for the origin Of GRB 051103 from LIGO observations
No full textWe present the results of a LIGO search for gravitational waves (GWs) associated with GRB 051103, a shortduration hard-spectrum gamma-ray burst (GRB) whose electromagnetically determined sky position is coincident with the spiral galaxy M81, which is 3.6 Mpc from Earth. Possible progenitors for short-hard GRBs include compact object mergers and soft gamma repeater (SGR) giant flares. A merger progenitor would produce a characteristic GW signal that should be detectable at a distance of M81, while GW emission from an SGR is not expected to be detectable at that distance. We found no evidence of a GW signal associated with GRB 051103. Assuming weakly beamed γ -ray emission with a jet semi-angle of 30◦, we exclude a binary neutron star merger in M81 as the progenitor with a confidence of 98%. Neutron star–black hole mergers are excluded with >99% confidence. If the event occurred in M81, then our findings support the hypothesis that GRB 051103 was due to an SGR giant flare, making it one of the most distant extragalactic magnetars observed to date.J. Abadie... J. Hosken... J. Munch... D. J. Ottaway... P. J. Veitch... et al
Diarrea neonatal: Una enfermedad multifactorial – resultados preliminares en Rotavirus y Coronavirus
No full textLa diarrea neonatal es una enfermedad que afecta a terneros jóvenes, desde las 12 hs a 30 días de nacido, caracterizada por una descarga fecal líquida, acuosa, aromática, que conlleva un malestar general del animal, decaimiento, dolor abdominal, falta de apetito, deshidratación progresiva y muerte. Esta patología se define como multietiológica ya que es causada por distintos agentes infecciosos y/o parasitarios y multifactorial porque intervienen en su presentación diferentes aspectos: ambientales (lluvia, frío, barro); nutricionales y de manejo...Fil: Allassia, M.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Angeli, Emmanuel. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Machado, S.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Duarte, S.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Lapalma, C.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Schlegel, S.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Trucco, A.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Giaime, B.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Ruiz, M.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Aguirre, F. O.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Jaime, J.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Reibel, G.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Baravalle, A.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Vega, Celina Guadalupe. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigacion En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas. Instituto de Virologia E Innovaciones Tecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Virologia E Innovaciones Tecnologicas.; ArgentinaFil: Bok, Marina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigacion En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas. Instituto de Virologia E Innovaciones Tecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Virologia E Innovaciones Tecnologicas.; ArgentinaFil: Rocha, L.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigacion En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas. Instituto de Virologia E Innovaciones Tecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Virologia E Innovaciones Tecnologicas.; ArgentinaFil: Parreño, Gladys Viviana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigacion En Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronomicas. Instituto de Virologia E Innovaciones Tecnologicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Pque. Centenario. Instituto de Virologia E Innovaciones Tecnologicas.; ArgentinaVII Jornada de Difusión de la Investigación y ExtensiónEsperanzaArgentinaUniversidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria
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