16 research outputs found
Засоби навчання молодших школярів перцепції: сутність і систематизація
No full textThe article states that means of training perception for primary school children is a variety of objects (natural and artificial), instruments, devices and equipment that are used as carriers of information about the external properties of objects and phenomena surrounding, subjective instruments of cooperation in training and perceptual activity. The necessity of usage of certain means, their complexes and systems has been proved. The author states that means of training perception for primary school children is a subsystem of educational environment; it is designed to create the necessary conditions for effective and safe achievements of goals of sensory development of primary school children. At the same time it is a subsystem of global educational space – a part of unlimited subject area of the objective world, which is associated with large-scale phenomena in education. The author has defined the main functions of means of training perception. They are: compensatory, adaptive, informative, integrative, instrumental. The author has justified the four groups of systematization of training means according to the character of reality reflection. The first group includes natural objects (real objects, collections, instruments and accessories, materials, tools); the second one includes image and reflection of properties of external reality objects (subject pictures, planar and three-dimensional models, models, models, videos, audio);the third group contains descriptions of properties of external reality objects, conventional signs and symbols (tables, process maps, cards for individual work, graphic marks); the fourth group is represented by hardware (teacher’s personal computer, student’s personal computer, educational software, multimedia, interactive boards, classroom blackboards and chalk, patterned cloth, TV, tape recorder, VCR, teacher’s synthesizer, pupil’s synthesizer). According to this typology, the author has characterized teaching means of color and spatial visual perception, phonetic and musical perception, physical, mechanical and tactile spatial perception. The particular attention is paid to the analysis of sensory-developing resource of pedagogical means, which is included in curricula of Ukrainian language, Mathematics, Arts and Music, Labor Training.У статті визначено засоби навчання молодших школярів перцепції; доведено необхідність застосування окремих засобів, їх комплектів і комплексів і систем. Виявлено провідні функції засобів навчання перцепції, а саме: компенсаторну, адаптивну, інформативну, інтегративну, інструментальну. Розглянуто різні підходи до класифікації засобів навчання перцепції; обґрунтовано їх систематизацію та виокремлено серед них чотири групи: натуральні об’єкти, зображення і відображення зовнішніх властивостей об’єктів дійсності, описи зовнішніх властивостей об’єктів дійсності умовними знаками і символами, технічні засоби. За цією типологією схарактеризовано засоби навчання кольорового і просторового зорового, фонетичного і музичного слухового, фізико-механічного і просторового дотикового сприймання. Особливу увагу приділено аналізу сенсорно-розвивального ресурсу програмних педагогічних засобів з української мови, математики, образотворчого і музичного мистецтва, трудового навчання
«Модель условий развития профессионально-ценностных ориентаций учителя в образовательной организации»
No full textThe author proposes pattern of conditions for the development in professional value orientations of teacher at school. In that context the author poses the challenge for the search engine based on modern pedagogical principles professional development of teacher. During the implementation of model condition for development in professional value orientations of teacher the author concludes that the value emphasis modification in the teacher educational activities is aimed at child development and new learning results.Автор предлагает модель условий развития профессионально-ценностных ориентаций учителя в школе. В связи с этим автор ставит проблему поиска современных педагогических условий профессионального развития учителя. В процессе реализации модели развития профессионально-ценностных ориентаций учителя автор приходит к выводу, что изменение ценностных акцентов в педагогической деятельности учителя направленно на развитие ребенка, достижение новых образовательных результатов
PSYCHOLINGUISTIC FOUNDATIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF PHONEMATIC SKILLS OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN
No full textPSYCHOLINGUISTIC FOUNDATIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF PHONEMATIC SKILLS OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDRE
Does Intergovernmental Equalization Create Disincentives for Regional Infrastructural Development?
No full textThe subject of the research is the relationship between the amount of fiscal equalization grants and the length of transport routes in the regions. The study aims to test the hypothesis that the current formula for intergovernmental equalization creates disincentives for developing the road network in the regions. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that equalizing interterritorial inequality and regional infrastructural development are the most important goals of regional policy, whose instruments should not contradict. The current formula for distributing fiscal equalization grants contains a negative relationship between the length of transport routes in the regions and the amount of the transfer. That is, with an increase in the length of roads, the amount of grants to regions with initially low transport accessibility decreases. The author used the method of simulation modeling to quantify the reduction in grants to regions with low transport accessibility in the case of an increase in the length of roads in 2020 and to assess the potential impact of this decrease on the policy of regional authorities. As a result, the author revealed that while maintaining the current dynamics of road construction, an increase in the length of transport routes will lead to a decrease in the volume of grants to regions within 1%, which is insignificant regarding incentives. However, with an increase in the road network of hard-to-reach regions by one and a half times or more, this decrease may become critical. The work provides the estimate of the minimum additional fiscal revenue required to compensate for the lost income of the region with an increase in the length of transport routes. A further study may provide more details on the impact of the road industry development on the own revenues of regional budgets
Накопичення досвіду сенсорного розвитку дітей у стародавні часи
No full textBarbashova I. А. Тhe accumulation of experience children’s sensory development in ancient times.
The article deals with evolution of children’s sensory development in ancient times (the emergence of education – IV century), analysis first philosophical justification of value in understanding perception of reality, revealed substantial organizational and methodological potential of purposeful pupil learning perception.Барбашова І. А. Накопичення досвіду сенсорного розвитку дітей у стародавні часи.
У статті схарактеризовано еволюцію проблеми сенсорного розвитку дітей у стародавні часи (зародження виховання – ІV ст.), здійснено аналіз перших філософських обґрунтувань значення сприймання в пізнанні навколишньої дійсності, розкрито змістовий і організаційно-методичний потенціал цілеспрямованого навчання школярів перцепції
Создает ли методика межбюджетного выравнивания отрицательные стимулы для инфраструктурного развития регионов?
No full textThe subject of the research is the relationship between the amount of fiscal equalization grants and the length of transport routes in the regions. The study aims to test the hypothesis that the current formula for intergovernmental equalization creates disincentives for developing the road network in the regions. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that equalizing interterritorial inequality and regional infrastructural development are the most important goals of regional policy, whose instruments should not contradict. The current formula for distributing fiscal equalization grants contains a negative relationship between the length of transport routes in the regions and the amount of the transfer. That is, with an increase in the length of roads, the amount of grants to regions with initially low transport accessibility decreases. The author used the method of simulation modeling to quantify the reduction in grants to regions with low transport accessibility in the case of an increase in the length of roads in 2020 and to assess the potential impact of this decrease on the policy of regional authorities. As a result, the author revealed that while maintaining the current dynamics of road construction, an increase in the length of transport routes will lead to a decrease in the volume of grants to regions within 1%, which is insignificant regarding incentives. However, with an increase in the road network of hard-to-reach regions by one and a half times or more, this decrease may become critical. The work provides the estimate of the minimum additional fiscal revenue required to compensate for the lost income of the region with an increase in the length of transport routes. A further study may provide more details on the impact of the road industry development on the own revenues of regional budgets.Предметом исследования является взаимосвязь между объемом дотации на выравнивание бюджетной обеспеченности и протяженностью транспортных путей регионов. Цель исследования — проверка гипотезы о том, что действующая формула межбюджетного выравнивания создает отрицательные стимулы для развития дорожной сети в регионах. Актуальность исследования продиктована тем, что сглаживание межтерриториального неравенства и инфраструктурное развитие регионов являются важнейшими целями региональной политики, и инструменты достижения этих целей не должны вступать в противоречие друг с другом. В действующей формуле распределения дотаций на выравнивание бюджетной обеспеченности заложена отрицательная связь между протяженностью транспортных путей регионов и величиной трансферта, т.е. при увеличении длины дорог объем дотации регионам с изначально невысокой транспортной доступностью снижается. При помощи метода имитационного моделирования автор провел количественную оценку снижения дотации регионам с низкой транспортной доступностью в случае роста протяженности дорог в условиях 2020 г. и оценил потенциальное влияние такого снижения на политику региональных властей. В результате установлено, что при сохранении текущей динамики дорожного строительства увеличение протяженности транспортных путей приведет к снижению объема дотации регионам в пределах 1%, что несущественно с точки зрения стимулов. Однако при увеличении дорожной сети труднодоступных регионов в полтора раза и более такое снижение может стать критичным. Также дана оценка минимальных дополнительных бюджетных поступлений, необходимых для компенсации выпадающих доходов региона при росте протяженности транспортных путей. В перспективе предполагается более детальное изучение влияния развития дорожного хозяйства на собственные доходы региональных бюджетов
The influence of social media on psychological well-being: Examination and outlook
No full textThe article is dedicated to assessing the impact of social networks on the mental health of the population. Social networks have gained global popularity and are integral to modern life. Currently, social networks are platforms for personal development, communication skills, and socialization, searching for like-minded individuals and new friends, maintaining
personal blogs, distance learning, and work. This study aims to analyze the impact of social networks on the mental health of the population and assess the possible perspectives of this influence. Theoretical methods were used to achieve the set goal:
studying, analyzing, and systematizing scientific literature data. Currently, approximately 60% of the world's population uses social networks, with approximately 40% of users using them not only for entertainment and relaxation but also for work and education, which determines their socioeconomic significance. According to statistics, the most popular social networks worldwide are Facebook, YouTube, WhatsApp, Instagram, WeChat, and TikTok. In addition, most social media users are registered in one or several of them. On the one hand, social networks can help people communicate regardless of distance, acquire new knowledge, meet like-minded individuals, exchange ideas, and increase social support. On the other hand, their excessive use is associated with the development of addiction, low self-esteem, levels of anxiety and depression, and
deterioration of social and physical health. These problems are particularly acute with increasing time spent in the virtual world. Therefore, in recent years, there has been increased interest in studying the impact of social networks on the health of the
population as a whole and persons in particular and in developing and implementing effective methods to prevent the negative aspects of their us. This is a promising direction for further research
International experience of long-term budget projections: national and subnational levels
No full textThe subject of the research is the approaches used in foreign experience in the formation of forecasts of budget parameters for the long term. The study aims to determine the quality criteria for national and regional long-term budget projections based on the best practice of developed countries. In foreign practice, the question of choosing preferable solutions for long-term budget projections remains open. In Russian studies, some of the above issues are highlighted as of the first decade of the 2000s and require updating, and the foreign regional experience on the use of the longterm budget forecasting lacks detailed analyses. This substantiates the relevance of this study. The novelty consists in highlighting the list of “best practices” in implementing long-term fiscal projection for the national and subnational levels based on the study of the experience of foreign countries. To achieve this goal, the author uses methods of a comparative analysis of international experience in building budget forecasts, system analysis, and analogy. As a result, a list of criteria that meet the good practices of developing long-term budget forecasts has been formed. It is proposed to determine the forecasting horizon within 30–50 years, generate forecasts annually or with a specified frequency if there is a mechanism for updating them. The authors conclude that developing forecasts on a scenario basis using the principle of continuity in relation to the estimates obtained and forecasting methodology, as well as assessing the sensitivity of budget parameters to exogenous factors and budget sustainability are necessary characteristics of longterm budget projections. Prospects for the study consist in studying methodological solutions for forecasting budget parameters and developing tools for the regions of the Russian Federation for calculating indicators of long-term budget projections
Economic Security of an Enterprise is the Way to Financial Stability
No full textIn modern economic conditions, business entities are increasingly paying attention to the issues of economic security, which allows businessmen to regularly monitor and control the state of financial stability. The vector of the direction of stable economic development of an economic entity has recently become increasingly important among entrepreneurs and is manifested through the introduction of elements of economic security into the system of financial and economic activity. Safe entrepreneurial activity is an important and necessary condition for healthy competition and sustainable development of a business entity of any form of ownership, regardless of the type of activity carried out. The economic security of an enterprise should be considered as a multifaceted category consisting of internal and external factors and risks. The article highlights the problem of insufficient implementation of the existing mechanism of functioning at the enterprise PJSC “Penzkompressormash” of economic security and, as a consequence, the deterioration of the financial stability of the business entity. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the importance of economic security in entrepreneurial activity of any form of ownership, through solving the tasks set: analysis and assessment of financial stability, identification of «bottlenecks» and ranking them by causes of occurrence; search for reserves to improve the financial condition of the company, its solvency and financial stability; development of specific measures aimed at more effective use of financial resources and strengthening the economic condition of the enterprise. In the course of the research, the authors used such scientific methods as comprehensive and comparative analysis, generalization, synthesized and economic-statistical approaches. The basis of the theoretical methodology was formed from the works of modern scientists and economists, legislative acts of the Russian Federation, official publications, materials of scientific and practical conferences, etc. The article contains proposals for the use of elements of economic security as a necessity to bring an enterprise out of a difficult financial situation
EDUCATIONAL-METHODOLOGICAL COMPLEXES APPLICATION WITHIN SPECIFIC DISCIPLINE IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING SOCIAL WORK AND PHYSICAL REHABILITATION AT THE UNIVERSITY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL DUAL ENGLISH COURSE COMPLEX HIGH NOTE (IN UKRAINIAN CONTEXT)
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