40,436 research outputs found
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
No full textThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
Evidence for the decay B0→J/ψω and measurement of the relative branching fractions of meson decays to J/ψη and J/ψη′
No full textFirst evidence of the B 0 → J / ψ ω decay is found and the B s 0 → J / ψ η and B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ decays are studied using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb -1 collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The branching fractions of these decays are measured relative to that of the B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0 decay:frac(B (B 0 → J / ψ ω), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 0.89 ± 0.19 (stat) - 0.13 + 0.07 (syst),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 14.0 ± 1.2 (stat) - 1.5 + 1.1 (syst) - 1.0 + 1.1 (frac(f d, f s)),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 12.7 ± 1.1 (stat) - 1.3 + 0.5 (syst) - 0.9 + 1.0 (frac(f d, f s)), where the last uncertainty is due to the knowledge of f d / f s, the ratio of b-quark hadronization factors that accounts for the different production rate of B 0 and B s 0 mesons. The ratio of the branching fractions of B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ and B s 0 → J / ψ η decays is measured to befrac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B s 0 → J / ψ η)) = 0.90 ± 0.09 (stat) - 0.02 + 0.06 (syst)
Measurement of the branching fraction
No full textThe B
0
s
→ J/ψK
0
S
branching fraction is measured in a data sample corresponding to 0.41 fb−1
of integrated luminosity collected with the LHCb detector at the LHC. This channel is sensitive to
the penguin contributions affecting the sin 2β measurement from B
0
→ J/ψK
0
S
. The time-integrated
branching fraction is measured to be B(B
0
s
→ J/ψK
0
S
) = (1.83±0.28)×10−5
. This is the most precise
measurement to date
Quality of life and wellbeing among HIV outpatients in East Africa: a multicentre observational study.
No full textBACKGROUND: Global health investment has reduced HIV mortality and transmission. However, little is known of patient-reported outcomes alongside ART rollout. This study aimed to measure wellbeing using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) among outpatients at PEPFAR-funded facilities. METHODS: In a multicentre 2 country cross-sectional study, adults attending 12 facilities in Kenya and Uganda gave self-reported data on quality of life (physical and mental wellbeing dimensions), functional and a measure of multidimensional problems (physical, psychological, social and spiritual). RESULTS: Among the 1,337 participants, multidimensional problems were more common in psychological, spiritual and social domains than in physical. In multivariable analysis using GEE to adjust for facility effect, the mental health subscale of quality of life was lower for people with limited functional status (B = -5.27, 95% CI -5.99, 1. -4.56 p < 0.001) and higher for wealthier people (B = 0.91, 95% CI 0.48, 1.33, p < 0.001). The physical health subscale of quality of life was lower for those with limited functional status (B = -8.58, 95% CI -9.46 to -7.70, p < 0.001) and those who had a caregiver present (B = -1.97, 95% CI -3.72 to -0.23, p = 0.027), higher for wealthier people (B = 1.14, 95% CI 0.65, 1.64, p < 0.001), and positively associated with CD4 count (B = 1.61, 95% CI 1.08-2.14, p < 0.001). Multidimensional problems were more burdensome for people with limited functional status (B = -2.06, 95% CI -2.46 to -1.66, p < 0.001), and less burdensome with more education (B = 0.63, 95% CI 0.25-1.00, p = 0.001) or ART use (B = 0.94, 95% CI 0.34-1.53, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Multidimensional problems are highly prevalent, and worse with declining function. Importantly, ART use does not appear to be protective for self-reported physical and mental dimensions of quality of life. Assessment and management of self-reported wellbeing must form part of HIV care and treatment services to ensure maximum benefit from ART investment
Measurement of the time-dependent CP asymmetry in B0 -> J/ψ KS0 decays
No full textThis Letter reports a measurement of the CP violation observables SJ/ψK0S and CJ/ψK0S in the decay channel B0→J/ψK0S performed with 1.0 fb−1 of pp collisions at s√=7 TeV collected by the LHCb experiment. The fit to the data yields SJ/ψK0S=0.73±0.07(stat)±0.04(syst) and CJ/ψK0S=0.03±0.09(stat)±0.01(syst). Both values are consistent with the current world averages and within
expectations from the Standard Model
Acute Ethanol Administration Rapidly Increases Phosphorylation of Conventional Protein Kinase C in Specific Mammalian Brain Regions in Vivo
No full textBackground
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of isoenzymes that regulate a variety of functions in the central nervous system including neurotransmitter release, ion channel activity, and cell differentiation. Growing evidence suggests that specific isoforms of PKC influence a variety of behavioral, biochemical, and physiological effects of ethanol in mammals. The purpose of this study was to determine whether acute ethanol exposure alters phosphorylation of conventional PKC isoforms at a threonine 674 (p-cPKC) site in the hydrophobic domain of the kinase, which is required for its catalytic activity.
Methods
Male rats were administered a dose range of ethanol (0, 0.5, 1, or 2 g/kg, intragastric) and brain tissue was removed 10 minutes later for evaluation of changes in p-cPKC expression using immunohistochemistry and Western blot methods.
Results
Immunohistochemical data show that the highest dose of ethanol (2 g/kg) rapidly increases p-cPKC immunoreactivity specifically in the nucleus accumbens (core and shell), lateral septum, and hippocampus (CA3 and dentate gyrus). Western blot analysis further showed that ethanol (2 g/kg) increased p-cPKC expression in the P2 membrane fraction of tissue from the nucleus accumbens and hippocampus. Although p-cPKC was expressed in numerous other brain regions, including the caudate nucleus, amygdala, and cortex, no changes were observed in response to acute ethanol. Total PKC? immunoreactivity was surveyed throughout the brain and showed no change following acute ethanol injection
An evaluation of the palliative care-related outcomes of a cohort of TB patients in a district hospital setting: a multiple methods quality improvement study
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.Although curable, tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious health care problem. During 2011 there were almost 9 million new cases and 1.4 million TB deaths worldwide. The World Health Organisation (WHO) lists South Africa as a country with a high TB, HIV and MDR-TB burden. In this country the dual TB/HIV epidemic which has reached critical proportions is fuelled by the high TB/HIV co-infection rate. By definition the focus of palliative care is on the alleviation of suffering associated with lifelimiting illnesses. TB clearly falls into this category. The palliative care-related outcomes of a cohort of hospitalized TB patients were determined during this prospective longitudinal study and a quality improvement strategy was then generated from the audit data. The APCA POS, a validated outcome measurement tool was used to conduct weekly interviews. The audit sample comprised 57 patients with MDR-TB and 57 with drug responsive TB (n=114). The intensity of the multi-dimensional palliative care-related problems experienced by TB and MDR-TB patients on admission as well as the differences that occurred over time were measured over four consecutive weeks. In order to get staff perspectives on using the audit data to develop a quality improvement strategy, a report on the analyzed audit data formed the basis of a focus group discussion (FGD). The purposive sample of FGD participants included key members of staff from the TB and MDR TB wards. Audit findings indicated that on admission to hospital the predominant problems were pain, symptoms and worry. On a Lickert scale of 0-5 with 0 indicating best and 5 worst, the median score for both pain and other symptoms was 3.0, with an inter-quartile range of 2.00-4.25. Participants' worry about their illness attained the worst median baseline score of 4.0. Neither pain nor symptoms showed any sustained improvement over the four weeks of data collection. A statistically significant improvement in worry which moved from 4.0 to 2.0 occurred after week 1 but then remained static. An unexpected crucial finding was that the collective score for participants with drug responsive TB was worse than for those with MDR-TB for both the physical and psycho-social components, and at each time point. Using the APCA POS audit data as the basis of a FGD with key staff members resulted in the development of an appropriate palliative care-focused quality improvement strategy which they considered to be realistic and achievable within their busy hospital setting. Findings from this study support the recent WHO Declaration on the provision of palliative care for people with drug-resistant TB. Furthermore they clearly show that patients with drug responsive TB should not be excluded from a comprehensive palliative care person-centred approach. Palliative care within the context of TB is still an emerging concept. This study makes a meaningful contribution to the scarce information currently available. The topic is important in that the suffering experienced by vast numbers of TB patients and their families could and should be substantially relieved. It is suggested that it would be valuable to explore the impact of a palliative care approach on TB treatment outcomes
Observations of Bºs→ψ(2S)η and Bº(s)→ψ(2S)π+π- decays
No full textFirst observations of the B0s
→ψ(2S)η, B0 →ψ(2S)π
+
π
− and B0s
→ψ(2S)π
+
π
− decays are made
using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1 collected by the LHCb experiment in
proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of
√
s = 7 TeV. The ratios of the branching fractions
of each of the ψ(2S) modes with respect to the corresponding J/ψ decays are
B(B0s
→ψ(2S)η)
÷
B(B0s
→J/ψη)
= 0.83± 0.14 (stat)±0.12 (syst) ±0.02 (B),
;
B(B0→ψ(2S)π
+
π
−
)
÷
B(B0→J/ψπ
+
π
−
)
= 0.56± 0.07 (stat)±0.05 (syst)± 0.01 (B),
;
B(B0s
→ψ(2S)π
+
π
−
)
÷
B(B0s
→J/ψπ
+
π
−
)
= 0.34± 0.04 (stat)±0.03 (syst)± 0.01 (B),
where the third uncertainty corresponds to the uncertainties of the dilepton branching fractions of the J/ψ
and ψ(2S) meson decays
Self-report measurement of pain & symptoms in palliative care patients: a comparison of verbal, visual and hand scoring methods in Sub-Saharan Africa
No full textBackground: Despite a high incidence of life-limiting disease, there is a deficit of palliative care outcome evidence in sub-Saharan Africa. Providers of end of life care call for appropriate measurement tools. The objective is to compare four approaches to self-report pain and symptom measurement among African palliative care patients completing the African Palliative Care Association African Palliative Outcome Scale (APCA African POS). Methods: Patients were recruited from five services (4 in South Africa and 1 in Uganda). Research nurses cross-sectionally administered POS pain and symptom items in local languages. Both questions were scored from 0 to 5 using 4 methods: verbal rating, demonstrating the score using the hand (H), selecting a face on a visual scale (F), and indicating a point on the Jerrycan visual scale (J). H, F and J scores were correlated with verbal scores as reference using Spearman’s rank and weighted Kappa. A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed. Results: 315 patients participated (mean age 43.5 years, 69.8% female), 71.1% were HIV positive and 35.6% had cancer, 49.2% lived in rural areas. Spearman’s rank correlations for pain scores were: H: 0.879, F: 0.823, J: 0.728 (all p F > J (0.96–0.89) in ROC analysis.
Conclusions: Hands and faces scoring methods correlate highly with verbal scoring. The Jerrycan method had only moderate weighted Kappa. POS scores can be reliably measured using hand or face score
Catalytic P-H activation by Ti and Zr catalysts
No full textCatalytic dehydrocoupling of phosphines was investigated using the anionic zirconocene trihydride salts [Cp*Zr-2(mu-H)(3)Li](3) (1a) or [Cp*Zr-2(mu-H)(3)K(thf)(4)] (1b), and the metallocycles [CpTi(NPtBu3)(CH2)(4)] (6) and [Cp*M(NPtBu3)(CH2)(4)] (M = Ti 20, Zr 21) as catalyst precursors. Dehydrocoupling of primary phosphines RPH2 (R = Ph, C6H2Me3, Cy, C10H7) gave both dehydrocoupled dimers RP(H)P(H)R or cyclic oligophosphines (RP)(n) (n = 4, 5) while reaction of tBu(3)C(6)H(2)PH(2) gave the phosphaindoline tBu(2)(Me2CCH2)C6H2PH (9). Stoichiometric reactions of these catalyst precursors with primary phosphines afforded [Cp*Zr-2((PR)(2))H][K(thf)(4)] (R = Ph 2, Cy 3, C6H2Me3 4), [Cp*Zr-2((PPh)(3))H] [K(thf)(4)] (5), [CpTi(NPtBu3)(PPh)(3)] (7) and [CpTi(NPtBu3)(mu-PHPh)](2) (8), while reaction of 6 with (C(6)H(2)tBu3)PH2 in the presence of PMe3 afforded [CpTi(NPtBu3)(PMe3)(p(C(6)H(2)tBu(3))] (10). The secondary phosphines Ph2PH and (PhHPCH2)(2)CH2 also undergo dehydrocoupling affording (Ph2P)(2) and (PhPCH2)(2)CH2. The bisphosphines (CH2PH2)(2) and C6H4(PH2)(2) are dehydrocoupled to give (PCH2CH2PH)(2) (12) and (C6H4P(PH))(2) (13) while prolonged reaction of 13 gave (C6H4P2)(8) (14). The analogous bisphosphine Me2C6H4(PH)(2) (17) was prepared and dehydrocoupling catalysis afforded (Me2C6H2P(PH))(2) (18) and subsequently [(Me2C6H2P2)(2)(mu-Me2C6H2P2)](2) (19). Stoichiometric reactions with these bisphosphines gave [Cp*Zr-2(H)(PH)(2)C6H4] [Li(thf)(4)] (22), [Cp*Ti(NPtBu3)(PH)(2)C6H4](2) (23) and [Cp*Ti(NPtBu3)(PH)(2)C6H4] (24). Mechanistic implications are discussed.PT: J; CR: ALBRAND JP, 1976, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P876 ANSELME JP, 1969, TETRAHEDRON, V25, P855 BASULI F, 2003, J AM CHEM SOC, V125, P10170 BAUDLER M, 1976, Z NATURFORSCH B, V31, P558 BAUDLER M, 1978, CHEM BER, V111, P1210 BAUDLER M, 1978, CHEM BER, V111, P1217 BAUDLER M, 1983, CHEM BER, V116, P2711 BAUDLER M, 1984, Z NATURFORSCH B, V39, P438 BAZAN GC, 1991, J AM CHEM SOC, V113, P6899 BOHM VPW, 2001, ANGEW CHEM, V113, P4832 CHAUVIN Y, 1971, MAKROMOL CHEM, V141, P161 COREY JY, 2004, ADV ORGANOMET CHEM, V51, P1 COURET C, 1986, ORGANOMETALLICS, V5, P113 COWLEY AH, 1984, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V25, P2125 COWLEY AH, 1990, INORG SYNTH, V27, P235 CROMER DT, 1974, INT TABLES CRYSTALLO, V4, P71 ETKIN N, 1997, J AM CHEM SOC, V119, P11420 ETKIN N, 1997, J AM CHEM SOC, V119, P2954 ETKIN N, 1997, ORGANOMETALLICS, V16, P3504 FEHLNER TP, 1992, INORGANOMETALLLICS FERMIN MC, 1995, J AM CHEM SOC, V117, P12645 FERMIN MC, 1995, ORGANOMETALLICS, V14, P4247 FU GC, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P9856 GAUVIN F, 1998, ADV ORGANOMET CHEM, V42, P363 GRAHAM TW, 2004, ORGANOMETALLICS, V23, P3309 GRUBBS RH, 1972, J AM CHEM SOC, V94, P2538 GRUBBS RH, 2003, HDB METATHESIS HEY E, 1988, CHEM BER, V121, P561 HEY E, 1989, J ORGANOMET CHEM, V378, P375 HO JW, 1991, ORGANOMETALLICS, V10, P3001 HO JW, 1994, INORG CHEM, V33, P865 HOFFMAN PR, 1975, INORG CHEM, V14, P1997 HOSKIN AJ, 2001, ANGEW CHEM, V113, P1917 HOU ZM, 1993, ORGANOMETALLICS, V12, P3158 INAGAKI Y, 1980, B CHEM SOC JPN, V53, P205 ISSLEIB K, 1972, ANGEW CHEM, V84, P582 ISSLEIB K, 1987, J ORGANOMET CHEM, V330, P17 JACOBSEN EN, 1988, J AM CHEM SOC, V110, P1968 KATSUKI T, 1980, J AM CHEM SOC, V102, P5974 KAUFFMANN T, 1984, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V25, P1963 KAUFFMANN T, 1985, CHEM BER, V118, P1022 KITAMURA M, 1988, J AM CHEM SOC, V110, P629 KNOWLES WS, 1983, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V16, P106 KOEPF H, 1981, CHEM BER, V114, P2731 KOHLER EP, 1935, J AM CHEM SOC, V57, P367 KYBA EP, 1983, ORGANOMETALLICS, V2, P1877 MILLER AR, 1976, J AM CHEM SOC, V98, P1860 MILLER SJ, 1996, J AM CHEM SOC, V118, P9606 MIYASHITA A, 1980, J AM CHEM SOC, V102, P7932 MURDZEK JS, 1987, ORGANOMETALLICS, V6, P1373 NGUYEN ST, 1992, J AM CHEM SOC, V114, P3974 NGUYEN ST, 1993, J AM CHEM SOC, V115, P9858 NOVAK BM, 1988, J AM CHEM SOC, V110, P960 OHKUMA T, 1995, J AM CHEM SOC, V117, P2675 OHTA T, 1988, INORG CHEM, V27, P566 OSHIKAWA T, 1985, CHEM IND-LONDON, P126 ROCKLAGE SM, 1981, J AM CHEM SOC, V103, P1440 SCHOLL M, 1999, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V40, P2247 SCHROCK RR, 1974, J AM CHEM SOC, V96, P6796 SCHROCK RR, 1980, J MOL CATAL, V8, P73 SCHROCK RR, 1988, J MOL CATAL, V46, P243 SCHROCK RR, 1990, J AM CHEM SOC, V112, P3875 SCHWAB P, 1995, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V34, P2039 SCHWAB P, 1995, ANGEW CHEM, V107, P2179 SCHWAB P, 1996, J AM CHEM SOC, V118, P100 SENDERIKHIN AI, 1988, ZH OBSHCH KHIM+, V58, P1662 SENDERIKHIN AI, 1989, ZH OBSHCH KHIM+, V59, P2141 SEYFERTH D, 1969, J ORG CHEM, V34, P1483 SHELDRICK GM, 2000, SHELXTL SHU RH, 1998, J AM CHEM SOC, V120, P12988 SMIT CN, 1983, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V24, P2031 SOUFFLET JP, 1973, CR ACAD SCI C CHIM, V276, P169 STEPHAN DW, 2000, ANGEW CHEM, V112, P322 STEPHAN DW, 2005, ORGANOMETALLICS, V24, P2548 STRADIOTTO M, 2001, HELV CHIM ACTA, V84, P2958 TILLEY TD, 1990, COMMENTS INORG CHEM, V10, P37 TILLEY TD, 1993, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V26, P22 TVERDOMED SN, 2003, RUSS J GEN CHEM+, V73, P319 VANDENWINKEL Y, 1991, J ORGANOMET CHEM, V405, P183 WATERMAN R, 2006, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V45, P2926 WATERMAN R, 2006, ANGEW CHEM, V118, P2992 WEAST RC, 1974, HDB CHEM PHYS, P2436 WOOD CD, 1979, J AM CHEM SOC, V101, P3210 WU Z, 1995, J AM CHEM SOC, V117, P5503 XIN SX, 1997, J AM CHEM SOC, V119, P5307; NR: 85; TC: 0; J9: CHEM-EUR J; PG: 12; GA: 113PJSource type: Electronic(1
- …
