104,899 research outputs found
Tracking Virus-Specific CD4+ T Cells during and after Acute Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Full text linkBackground. CD4+ T cell help is critical in maintaining antiviral immune responses and such help has been shown to be sustained in acute resolving hepatitis C. In contrast, in evolving chronic hepatitis C CD4+ T cell helper responses appear to be absent or short-lived, using functional assays. Methodology/Prencipal Findings. Here we used a novel HLA-DR1 tetramer containing a highly targeted CD4+ T cell epitope from the hepatitis C virus non-structural protein 4 to track number and phenotype of hepatitis C virus specific CD4+ T cells in a cohort of seven HLA-DR1 positive patients with acute hepatitis C in comparison to patients with chronic or resolved hepatitis C. We observed peptide-specific T cells in all seven patients with acute hepatitis C regardless of outcome at frequencies up to 0.65% of CD4+ T cells. Among patients who transiently controlled virus replication we observed loss of function, and/or physical deletion of tetramer+ CD4+ T cells before viral recrudescence. In some patients with chronic hepatitis C very low numbers of tetramer+ cells were detectable in peripheral blood, compared to robust responses detected in spontaneous resolvers. Importantly we did not observe escape mutations in this key CD4+ T cell epitope in patients with evolving chronic hepatitis C. Conclusions/Significance. During acute hepatitis C a CD4+ T cell response against this epitope is readily induced in most, if not all, HLA-DR1 + patients. This antiviral T cell population becomes functionally impaired or is deleted early in the course of disease in those where viremia persists
Measurement of the ratio of prompt χ c to J / ψ production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV
Full text linkThe prompt production of charmonium χ c and J / ψ states is studied in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The χ c and J / ψ mesons are identified through their decays χ c → J / ψ γ and J / ψ → μ + μ - using 36 pb - 1 of data collected by the LHCb detector in 2010. The ratio of the prompt production cross-sections for χ c and J / ψ, σ (χ c → J / ψ γ) / σ (J / ψ), is determined as a function of the J / ψ transverse momentum in the range 2 < p T J / ψ < 15 GeV / c. The results are in excellent agreement with next-to-leading order non-relativistic expectations and show a significant discrepancy compared with the colour singlet model prediction at leading order, especially in the low p T J / ψ region
The relationship between civic attitudes and voting intention : an analysis of vocational upper secondary schools in England and Singapore
Full text linkFrom 2009 to 2011, a team from the Centre for Learning and Life Chances in Knowledge Economies and Societies carried out a mixedmethods study of young people in England and Singapore. With regard to civic attitudes, the study showed that there was a greater sense of political self-efficacy and collective (school) efficacy in Singapore than in England. In addition, the group in Singapore scored higher on future voting relative to the group in England. Further, while both political self-efficacy and collective (school) efficacy were correlated with future voting in England, only the latter was correlated in the case of Singapore. For some, the results may seem counter-intuitive. The article reflects on these results, particularly those relating to democratic outcomes
sj-docx-2-han-10.1177_15589447221077363 – Supplemental material for On the Road Again: Return to Driving Following Minor Hand Surgery
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-2-han-10.1177_15589447221077363 for On the Road Again: Return to Driving Following Minor Hand Surgery by Mary C. Frazier, Darren T. Hackley, Tonja M. Locklear, Ariel E. Badger and Peter J. Apel in HAND</p
sj-docx-3-han-10.1177_15589447221077363 – Supplemental material for On the Road Again: Return to Driving Following Minor Hand Surgery
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-3-han-10.1177_15589447221077363 for On the Road Again: Return to Driving Following Minor Hand Surgery by Mary C. Frazier, Darren T. Hackley, Tonja M. Locklear, Ariel E. Badger and Peter J. Apel in HAND</p
sj-docx-1-han-10.1177_15589447221077363 – Supplemental material for On the Road Again: Return to Driving Following Minor Hand Surgery
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-han-10.1177_15589447221077363 for On the Road Again: Return to Driving Following Minor Hand Surgery by Mary C. Frazier, Darren T. Hackley, Tonja M. Locklear, Ariel E. Badger and Peter J. Apel in HAND</p
sj-docx-4-han-10.1177_15589447221077363 – Supplemental material for On the Road Again: Return to Driving Following Minor Hand Surgery
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-4-han-10.1177_15589447221077363 for On the Road Again: Return to Driving Following Minor Hand Surgery by Mary C. Frazier, Darren T. Hackley, Tonja M. Locklear, Ariel E. Badger and Peter J. Apel in HAND</p
sj-docx-1-han-10.1177_15589447231211608 – Supplemental material for Incidence and Risk Factors for Revision Within 1 Year of Primary Carpal Tunnel Release
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-han-10.1177_15589447231211608 for Incidence and Risk Factors for Revision Within 1 Year of Primary Carpal Tunnel Release by Derek T. Schloemann, Caroline P. Thirukumaran and Warren C. Hammert in HAND</p
Spin pairing: the magnetic origin of high-T-c superconductivity
No full textThe experimental results accumulated in the past decade such as coexistence of AF ordering and superconducting coherence, spin gap and anomalous Hall effect indicate that spin coupling is of importance to the unconventional pairing mechanism. By taking a quasi-two-dimensional Ising lattice as the background, we propose a double exchange model, i.e. Kondo exchange J between electrons and local moments and AF superexchange K between local moments. In a proper doping range where the superexchange K is weakened by the doped holes. we show that Kondo scattering yields an effective spin coupling between two electrons nearby a local moment with suppressed AF exchange, The effective spin coupling leads to local triplet pairing (S = 1, S-z = 0) in the Ising lattice plane. The binding energy of the triplet pair increases with the increasing doped hole concentration until a maximum is reached. The K-J model explains the existing experimental results for high-T-c copper oxides. such as the phase diagram, d-wave pairing, short coherent length, spin gap, pseudogap and the asymmetry of the tunneling conductance. According to our analysis, high-T-c phenomena are essentially magnetic in nature. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.Physics, AppliedSCI(E)EICPCI-S(ISTP)
Letter from Carl T. Hayden to C. H. Gensler, Havasupai Reservation
No full textLetter from Carl T. Hayden to C. H. Gensler, Havasupai Indian Reservation, regarding Hualapai and Cataract Canyons geography
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