31 research outputs found
Potensi Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Tradisional Indonesia Sebagai Sumber Bahan Pangan Fungsional
No full textIrmanida B, Prastya ME. 2020. The potency of indonesian spices and traditional medicine plants as for the sources of fungtional foods ingredients. In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-8 Tahun 2020, Palembang 20 Oktober 2020. pp. xx. Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI).As a public knowledge pertanining healthy lifestyle increases, the need for food that has health benefits also increases. This food is popular as a functional food, which is not only contains nutrients, but also has a physiological benefits to prevent or cure diseases. One of the sources of functional food ingredients in Indonesia are spices and medicinal plants which are known containing various types of phytochemical compounds. Numerous reports showed a health benefits of phytochemical compounds derived from spices and medicinal plants such as ginger (Zingiber officinale), turmeric (Curcuma domestica), cardamom (Amomum cardamomum), legetan warak (Adenostemma lavenia), the god’s crown (Phaleria macrocarpa), and lambo guava (Psidium guajava). The phytochemical compounds from those plants are recognized to prevent or cure various diseases including high blood pressure, cancer, diabetes, flu, coughs, sore throat, etc. Functional food products based on spices and medicinal from these 6 plants are usually in the form of jamu, instant healthy drinks, tea, juices, sweets, syrups, etc. Functional food based on Indonesian spices and medicinal plants has the potential to be developed because of its high demand, adequate production and a lot of research that has been conducted. Although the Indonesian government has made the regulations on special nutritious food, these regulations are considered insufficient. Therefore, the government needs to make a specific and comprehensive regulations on functional food in Indonesia, specifically those based on spices and medicinal plants
Bacillus sp. SAB E-41-derived extract shows antiaging properties via ctt1-mediated oxidative stress tolerance response in yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe
No full textObjective: To analyze potential activation of oxidative stress tolerance systems by SAB E-41 bacterial extract in promoting the life span of yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Methods: In vitro analysis was done to assess antioxidant activity of SAB E-41 bacterial extract. Antiaging property of the particular extract was then assayed through spot test and chronological life span assays. Furthermore, sty1 mitogen-activated protein kinase, pap1 transcriptional factor of oxidative stress response and its downstream genes, ctt1 were evaluated via real time PCR. The protein level of ctt1 was then observed via Western Blot analysis. In addition, accumulation of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial activity were conducted to understand the effect of SAB E-41 upon oxidative stress response systems in vivo. Results: The IC50 values of corresponding extract for antioxidant (DPPH; ABTS) and antiglycation were 402.40, 358.13 and 683.55 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, SAB E-41 extract (750 μg/mL) exhibited antiaging properties, which could be attributed to significant up-regulation of oxidative stress response genes, sty1, pap1 and ctt1. Interestingly, SAB E-41 extract could enhance stress tolerance phenotype of Schizosaccharomyces pombe against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. These results were supported by increasing mitochondrial activity and reactive oxygen species intracellular levels. Conclusions: SAB E-41 extract could promote yeast life span likely via up-regulation of oxidative stress responses in yeast. Our results suggest that adaptive response via up-regulation of oxidative stress transcriptional factors, and its downstream gene, ctt1, as well as mitochondrial activity contributes in combating oxidative stress thus promoting yeast life span
Potential Use of Indonesian Medicinal Plants for Cosmetic and Oral Health: A Review
No full textMedicinal plants have gained much importance in cosmetic development due to their abundant bioactive compounds and relatively fewer side effects. Indonesia comprises a diverse range of medicinal plants, along with multiple ethnicities and cultures. For decades, Indonesian traditional medicinal plants, known as jamu, had been utilized for skin care, skin whitening, and oral health. In the present review, several Indonesian medicinal plants have been discussed in relation to their potency for cosmetic and oral health. Recent scientific evidences showed that medicinal plants reviewed in this paper have the appropriate bioactivities with the major requirements for cosmetic and oral health including antioxidant, antiglycation, skin whitening via tyrosinase inhibitor and melanogenesis inhibition, antiacne activities (against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and biofilm degradation against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. One of plant, namely Zingiber officinale reported having all of those requirements indicating the most potential for cosmetic and oral health agents. In summary, further research on Indonesian medicinal plants should be conducted to provide holistic knowledge for the development of cosmetic and oral health products
Penentuan Pola Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas Menggunakan K-Modes Clustering
No full textAngka kecelakaan lalu lintas yang terjadi di Kalimantan Selatan terus meningkat. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka diperlukan adanya upaya untuk mengurangi jumlah kecelakaan. Untuk upaya mengurangi jumlah kecelakaan lalu lintas maka diperlukan pengetahuan untuk menemukan pola kecelakaan lalu lintas yang sering terjadi di Polresta Banjarmasin dengan melakukan pengelompokan (clustering). Pola kecelakaan dapat dikelompokan berdasarkan hari, waktu, korban, jenis kecelakaan, faktor pengemudi, faktor jalan, usia pelaku, usia korban, cuaca, profesi pelaku, profesi korban dan jenis kendaraan yang terlibat. Dalam hal ini, kelengkapan dan kebenaran data kepolisian menjadi faktor penting dalam keberhasilan pengelompokan pola kecelakaan lalu lintas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pola kecelakaan lalu lintas yang sering terjadi menggunakan Algoritma K-Modes. Dan untuk mencari nilai K optimal, penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma Cohesion and Separation. Penerapan clustering dengan menggunakan Algoritma K-Modes akan menghasilkan pola kecelakaan lalu lintas berdasarkan K optimal
Eugenol Exhibits Antimutagenic Activity in Model Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe by Regulating DNA Damage Repair System: A Transcriptomic Analysis
No full textFree radicals that accumulate in cells can cause oxidative imbalance and trigger oxidative stress at the cellular level. Such conditions lead to damage to genetic material that accelerates cellular aging. Plant secondary metabolites have been reported to exhibit antioxidant activities that have the potential to overcome oxidative stress. Eugenol, derived from cloves (Syzygium aromaticum), has been shown to possess antioxidant activity in vitro. However, there is no information on the antioxidative activity of eugenol at the cellular level. Our study focused on the effect of eugenol as an antigenotoxic agent in preventing DNA damage caused by oxidative stress treatment. Further analysis on the cellular levels of eugenol was done through a transcriptomics study in the model yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Treatment with eugenol may increase the cell viability of yeast exposed to mutagenic UV and EMS, suggesting that eugenol can act as an antigenotoxic agent. Indeed, eugenol treatment can repair DNA damage as indicated by the DNA nicking assay. Eugenol showed potential as an antiaging agent by regulating the cell cycle of S. pombe, specifically by slowing down at the G1 phase and progressing towards the S phase. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that eugenol treatment can regulate genes related to DNA damage response, specifically mismatch repair, base excision repair, and Nucleotide excision repair, in the yeast S. pombe. Our data suggest that eugenol has the potential to regulate the oxidative stress-induced DNA damage response in yeast S. pombe, which supports cell longevity
Eksplorasi Rhizobakteri Indigenous Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frustescens Linn.) dari Pertanian Semi Organik Desa Batur Kabupaten Semarang Sebagai Agen Hayati Pengendali Pertumbuhan Jamur Fusarium oxysporum f.sp capsici
No full textRhizobakteri merupakan kelompok bakteri yang hidup di sekitar daerah perakaran tanaman. Jenis bakteri ini diketahui memiliki kemampuan untuk memacu pertumbuhan tanaman dengan memproduksi hormon pemacu tumbuh, serta mampu menghambat pertumbuhan patogen tanaman dengan mensintesis senyawa antibiotik atau enzim ekstraseluler. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memperoleh dan mendeskripsikan secara morfologi, biokimia dan genetik isolat rhizobakteri dari lahan pertanian semi organik Desa Batur Kabupaten Semarang yang memiliki kemampuan sebagai agen hayati pengendali pertumbuhan patogen jamur Fusarium oxysporum f.sp capsici. Hasil isolasi diperoleh lima belas isolat rhizobakteri yang mayoritas berbentuk bacilus dan tergolong gram positif. Kemampuan uji penghambatan rhizobakteri terhadap jamur patogen dilakukan menggunakan uji kultur ganda dan uji biomassa. Hasil uji kultur ganda menunjukkan bahwa isolat E1 memiliki daya hambat 3,77%, isolat E3 1,88% dan isolat E15 22%. Uji biomassa menunjukkan isolat E15 mampu menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen terbaik dengan berat biomassa jamur terkecil yakni 0,0386 gram. Hasil karakterisasi molekuler berdasarkan sekuen gen 16S rRNA diketahui isolat E15 identik dengan spesies Bacillus cereus strain ATCC 14579 dengan kemiripan sebesar 97%. Hasil karakterisasi biokimia isolat E15 memiliki kemiripan dengan spesies B. cereus yakni katalase positif, motil, memiliki endospora, mampu menghidrolisis pati dan memfermentasikan glukosa
Analisis Sentimen Masyarakat Terhadap Kesehatan Mental Pada Media Sosial Twitter Dengan Menggunakan Machine Learning
No full textMental health affects lives globally, with around 300 million people experiencing depression in 2019, including 15.6 million in Indonesia. The Covid-19 pandemic increased cases of anxiety and depression, and by 2022, WHO reported 23 million people suffering from psychiatric disorders. In Indonesia, adolescent mental health issues are also high, with excessive social media use linked to an increase in emotional disorders. Twitter, with its real-time data, is becoming an important tool for analyzing public sentiment and understanding opinions through analytics and machine learning techniques. This study aims to determine public sentiment towards mental health in Indonesia through Twitter social media and test the effectiveness of using machine learning in sentiment analysis. The results show that the Naive Bayes and Decision Tree methods are effective in analyzing sentiment, with an accuracy of 91% and 89% respectively. The average result of cross validation shows a value of 73.21% for Naive Bayes and 67.02% for Decision Tree. In this study, positive sentiment is more dominant with a percentage value of 78.7%, while negative sentiment is only 21.3%. The findings indicate that Indonesians' awareness of the importance of mental health is increasing, and they increasingly understand the importance of maintaining mental healthKesehatan mental sangat mempengaruhi kehidupan global, dengan sekitar 300 juta orang mengalami depresi pada 2019, termasuk 15,6 juta di Indonesia. Pandemi Covid-19 meningkatkan kasus kecemasan dan depresi, dan pada 2022, WHO melaporkan 23 juta orang menderita gangguan kejiwaan. Di Indonesia, masalah kesehatan mental remaja juga tinggi, dengan penggunaan media sosial berlebihan terkait peningkatan gangguan emosional. Twitter, dengan data real-time, menjadi alat penting untuk menganalisis sentimen publik dan memahami opini melalui teknik analisis dan machine learning. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sentimen masyarakat terhadap kesehatan mental di Indonesia melalui media sosial Twitter serta menguji keefektifan penggunaan machine learning dalam analisis sentimen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode Naive Bayes dan Decision Tree efektif dalam menganalisis sentimen, dengan akurasi sebesar 91% dan 89% masing-masing. Rerata hasil dari cross validation menunjukkan nilai 73,21% untuk Naive Bayes dan 67,02% untuk Decision Tree. Pada penelitian ini sentimen positif lebih dominan dengan persentase nilai 78,7%, sementara sentimen negatif hanya 21,3%. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa kesadaran masyarakat Indonesia tentang pentingnya kesehatan mental semakin meningkat, dan mereka semakin memahami pentingnya menjaga kesehatan mental
Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Actinobacteria Isolated from Ziziphus mauritiana Against Multidrug-Resistant Strains
No full textIncreasing resistance to existing antibiotics has led to a need for new alternative sources. Among the possibilities that need to be explored is the endophytic actinobacteria associated with Ziziphus mauritiana. The present study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of endophytic actinobacteria isolated from Z. mauritiana against five multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. Thirty actinobacteria isolates were obtained from the roots, stem, and leaves of the plant using the serial dilution technique. Using a double-layer agar test, we found that colonies from five of the 30 isolates (16%) exhibited antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the M18 strain of Bacillus subtilis. Interestingly, the crude extracts derived from four selected isolates (BBK 1, DBK 2, DBK 3, and DBSB 1) showed inhibitory activity against MRSA, with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 8 (±0.8) to 11 (±2.9) mm. The highest inhibition zone was seen in DBK 2. This had a zone diameter of 11 (±2.9) mm, which is not signifi-cantly different from the zone diameter of 12 (±0) mm seen in tetracycline. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using the micro-broth dilution technique. This showed MICs ranging from 2,500–5,000 μg/mL in the four extracts. Based on 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) sequences, the four selected isolates were found to belong to the Streptomyces spp., with similarity values exceeding 99%. These four isolates require further study as potential antibiotic sources, particularly against MRSA
Extracellular Metabolites of Clove-Endophytic Bacteria, Niallia nealsonii DCL1, Exhibit Potential Cellular Antioxidant and Antiaging Activities
No full textThe clove plant, Syzygium aromaticum L., is a highly valued spice in Indonesia, recognized for its extensive applications in food preservation and medicinal uses. In a prior study, six endophytic bacteria were successfully isolated from clove leaves. One of these isolates, designated as DCL1, is a Gram-positive bacterium identified as Niallia nealsonii. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant and antiaging properties of the extracellular metabolite of DCL1. Extracellular metabolites were extracted with ethyl acetate and evaluated for antioxidant activity via the DPPH assay. Total phenolic and flavonoid compounds were also quantified with further metabolilte profiling using Liquid Chromatography Tandem-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Further study of antiaging activity was assayed using yeast model Schizosacchromyces pombe. The extract from N. nealsonii DCL1 cultures harvested at 28 and 40 hours yielded 0.01% and 0.009%, respectively. Our findings indicate that the 40-hour extract contains higher levels of phenolics (93.54 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract) and flavonoids (12.09 mg quercetin equivalents/g extract) compared to the 28-hour extract. Additionally, the 40-hour extract exhibited greater antioxidant activity than the 28-hour extract, as demonstrated by DPPH (IC50 222 µg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 511.43 µg/mL) assays. Moreover, the 40-hour extract significantly prolonged the viability of S. pombe, suggesting its potential as an anti-aging agent. LC-MS/MS analysis identified several potential bioactive compounds, including gallic acid and N-carbamoyl-2,3-dihydroxybenzamide, which may contribute to its bioactivity. Ultimately, our study indicates that DCL1 40-h extract showed antiaging potential, which is promising as source and formulation of biopharmaceutical or cosmeceutical products.
Antiaging and Antioxidant Bioactivities of Asteraceae Plant Fractions on the Cellular Functions of the Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe
No full textResearch on antioxidants has been gaining worldwide attention because of their essential applications for medicinal purposes. In this study, we conducted bioprospecting of six Asteraceae plants as the source of antiaging and antioxidant agents. Water and chloroform fractions from Ageratum conyzoides L., Dichrocephala integrifolia (L.f.) Kuntze, Galinsoga parviflora (Cav.), Mikania micrantha Kunth, Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski, and Synedrella nodiflora L. were collected and assayed for their in vitro antioxidant activities and potential antiaging properties using the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe as the model organism. Based on the in vitro assay, the water fractions of S. trilobata showed a strong antioxidant activity. Interestingly, all treatment solutions promoted the stress tolerance phenotype of S. pombe to strong H2O2-induced oxidative stress conditions. Moreover, compared with the treatments without plant extract/fraction, all extract and fraction treatments, except the chloroform fractions of A. conyzoides, promoted yeast cell longevity. Strong induction of mitochondria activity was found following the treatments with the extracts and fractions of S. nodiflora, D. integrifolia, and M. micrantha and likely mimicked the calorie restriction-induced lifespan. Interestingly, S. nodiflora water fractions significantly upregulated the mRNA transcripts of the Pap1-mediated core environmental stress response, namely, ctt1 gene in S. pombe. These data indicated that the fractions of Asteraceae plants had potential antioxidant and antiaging activities through various cellular modulations. S. nodiflora water fraction has been shown to have antioxidant and antiaging activities in S. pombe, by modulating stress tolerance response, inducing mitochondrial activity, and increasing the ctt1 gene expression. Compounds analysis identified that S. nodiflora water fraction contained some primarily compounds including oxyphyllacinol, valine, and sugiol
