1,378 research outputs found
FIG. 10 in The evolution of hermit crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura, Paguroidea) on the basis of carapace morphology: a state-of-the-art-report
No full textFIG. 10. — Transition from the Gastrodoridae to the Probeebeidae,featuring branchial condensation, reduction of rostrum, reduction of ornament on shield, inflation of posterior carapace, reduction of delineation of cardiac and reduction of midline carapace crest: A, Gastrodorus; B, Probeebei; C, Labidochirus; D, Tylaspis; E, Tisea.Published as part of Fraaije, René H. B., Van Bakel, Barry W. M., Jagt, John W. M., Charbonnier, Sylvain, Schweigert, Guenter, Garcia, Géraldine & Valentin, Xavier, 2022, The evolution of hermit crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura, Paguroidea) on the basis of carapace morphology: a state-of-the-art-report, pp. 1-16 in Geodiversitas 44 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a1, http://zenodo.org/record/583419
FIG. 2 in The evolution of hermit crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura, Paguroidea) on the basis of carapace morphology: a state-of-the-art-report
No full textFIG. 2. — Branchial condensation in representatives of the families Parapylochelidae (A, B), Gastrodoridae (C), Xylopaguridae (D, E) and Pylojacquesidae (F).Published as part of Fraaije, René H. B., Van Bakel, Barry W. M., Jagt, John W. M., Charbonnier, Sylvain, Schweigert, Guenter, Garcia, Géraldine & Valentin, Xavier, 2022, The evolution of hermit crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura, Paguroidea) on the basis of carapace morphology: a state-of-the-art-report, pp. 1-16 in Geodiversitas 44 (1) on page 4, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2022v44a1, http://zenodo.org/record/583419
Comparing the emission spectra of U and Th hollow cathode lamps and a new U line list
No full textContext. Thorium hollow cathode lamps (HCLs) are used as frequency calibrators for many high resolution astronomical spectrographs, some of which aim for Doppler precision at the 1 m s−1 level.
Aims. We aim to determine the most suitable combination of elements (Th or U, Ar or Ne) for wavelength calibration of astronomical spectrographs, to characterize differences between similar HCLs, and to provide a new U line list.
Methods. We record high resolution spectra of different HCLs using a Fourier transform spectrograph: (i) U–Ne, U–Ar, Th–Ne, and Th–Ar lamps in the spectral range from 500 to 1000 nm and U–Ne and U–Ar from 1000 to 1700 nm; (ii) we systematically compare the number of emission lines and the line intensity ratio for a set of 12 U–Ne HCLs; and (iii) we record a master spectrum of U–Ne to create a new U line list.
Results. Uranium lamps show more lines suitable for calibration than Th lamps from 500 to 1000 nm. The filling gas of the lamps significantly affects their performance because Ar and Ne lines contaminate different spectral regions. We find differences (up to 88%) in the line intensity of U lines in different lamps from the same batch. We find 8239 isolated lines between 500 and 1700 nm that we attribute to U, 3379 of which were not contained in earlier line lists.
Conclusions. We suggest using a combination of U–Ne and U–Ar lamps to wavelength-calibrate astronomical spectrographs up to 1 μm. From 1 to 1.7 μm, U–Ne shows better properties. The differences in line strength between different HCLs underline the importance of characterizing HCLs in the laboratory. The new 3379 U lines can significantly improve the radial velocity precision of astronomical spectrographs
The spatio-temporal structure of spiral-defect chaos
No full textWe present a study of the recently discovered spatially extended chaotic state known as spiral-defect chaos, which occurs in low-Prandtl number, large-aspect ratio Rayleigh-Bénard convection. We employ the modulus squared of the space-time Fourier transform of time series of two-dimensional shadowgraph images to construct the structure factor S(k, omega). This analysis is used to characterize the average spatial and temporal scales of the chaotic state. We find that the correlation length and time can be described by power law dependences on the reduced Rayleigh number epsilon. These power laws have as yet no theoretical explanation
Spiral Defect Chaos in Large Aspect Ratio Rayleigh-Bénard Convection
No full textWe report experiments on convection patterns in a cylindrical cell with a large aspect ratio. The fluid had a Prandtl number oe ß 1. We observed a chaotic pattern consisting of many rotating spirals and other defects in the parameter range where theory predicts that steady straight rolls should be stable. The correlation length of the pattern decreased rapidly with increasing control parameter so that the size of a correlated area became much smaller than the area of the cell. This suggests that the chaotic behavior is intrinsic to large aspect ratio geometries. Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. May 12 1993. Typeset using REVT E X Rayleigh-B'enard convection, the instability of a horizontal fluid layer heated from below, has served as a paradigm for the study of nonlinear pattern formation in systems under nonequilibrium conditions. [1] One important reason for this is the extensive nonlinear stability analysis that has been carried out by Busse and Clever, [2,3] which provides an unusu..
Effects of ageing on postreceptoral short-wavelength gain control: Transient tritanopia increases with age
No full textAbstractWe investigated the effect of ageing on the neural gain control in the short-wavelength opponent channel. In order to tackle specifically postreceptoral changes, we determined the effect of ageing on transient tritanopia, a paradoxical and transient reduction of short-wavelength sensitivity after the presentation of a long-wavelength adapting light. The results demonstrate an unexpected and significant increase of transient tritanopia with age, which cannot be explained by a general decline of short-wave sensitivity or the selective reduction of retinal illumination. Instead, our data imply that ageing affects also short-wavelength gain control at the site of chromatic opponency or beyond. Age-related changes of adaptation processes should therefore be considered an important factor influencing the visual performances of the elderly
Recent developments in Rayleigh-Bénard convection
No full textThis review summarizes results for Rayleigh-Bénard convection that have been obtained over the past decade or so. It concentrates on convection in compressed gases and gas mixtures with Prandtl numbers near one and smaller. In addition to the classical problem of a horizontal stationary fluid layer heated from below, it also briefly covers convection in such a layer with rotation about a vertical axis, with inclination, and with modulation of the vertical acceleration
Measurement of the muon charge asymmetry in inclusive pp →W + X production at s=7 TeV and an improved determination of light parton distribution functions
No full textPublished by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published articles title, journal citation, and DOI.Measurements of the muon charge asymmetry in inclusive pp → W + X production at root s= 7 TeV are
presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb−1 recorded with the CMS
detector at the LHC. With a sample of more than 20 million W → μν events, the statistical precision is
greatly improved in comparison to previous measurements. These new results provide additional
constraints on the parton distribution functions of the proton in the range of the Bjorken scaling variable
x from 10−3 to 10−1. These measurements and the recent CMS measurement of associated W þ charm
production are used together with the cross sections for inclusive deep inelastic e p scattering at HERA in
a next-to-leading-order QCD analysis. The determination of the valence quark distributions is improved,
and the strange-quark distribution is probed directly through the leading-order process g þ s → W þ c in
proton-proton collisions at the LHC.the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science and Research and the Austrian Science Fund; the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, and Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; the Brazilian Funding Agencies (CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP); the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science; CERN; the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, and National Natural Science Foundation of China; the Colombian Funding Agency (COLCIENCIAS); the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport, and the Croatian Science Foundation; the Research Promotion Foundation, Cyprus; the Ministry of Education and Research, Recurrent financing contract SF0690030s09 and European Regional Development Fund, Estonia; the Academy of Finland, Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture, and Helsinki Institute of Physics; the Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules/CNRS, and Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives/CEA, France; the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren, Germany; the General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Greece; the National Scientific Research Foundation, and National Innovation Office, Hungary; the Department of Atomic Energy and the Department of Science and Technology, India; the Institute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, Iran; the Science Foundation, Ireland; the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; the Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and the World Class University program of NRF, Republic of Korea; the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences; the Mexican Funding Agencies (CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI); the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, New Zealand; the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science Centre, Poland; the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal; JINR, Dubna; the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, the Federal Agency of Atomic Energy of the Russian Federation, Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research; the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Serbia; the Secretaría de Estado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación and Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010, Spain; the Swiss Funding Agencies (ETH Board, ETH Zurich, PSI, SNF, UniZH, Canton Zurich, and SER); the National Science Council, Taipei; the Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, the Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology of Thailand, Special Task Force for Activating Research and the National Science and Technology Development Agency of Thailand; the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authority; the Science and Technology Facilities Council, UK; the U.S. Department of Energy, and the U.S. National Science Foundation. Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and EPLANET (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of Czech Republic; the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced by EU, Regional Development Fund; and the Thalis and Aristeia programmes cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF
Performance and welfare of laying hens in conventional and enriched cages
No full textConcerns regarding the welfare of laying hens raised in battery cages have led to the development of enriched cages that allow hens to perform natural behaviors including nesting, roosting, and scratching. This study was conducted to compare indices of production and welfare in birds housed in 2 different caging systems. Shaver White hens were housed from 21 to 61 wk in either conventional battery cages (n = 500; 10 cages; 5 hens/cage; floor space = 561.9 cm(2)/hen) or enriched cages (n = 480; 2 cages; 24 hens/cage; floor space = 642.6 cm(2)/hen) and were replicated 10 times. Enriched cages provided hens with a curtained nesting area, scratch pad, and perches. Production parameters and egg quality measures were recorded throughout the experiment. Plumage condition was evaluated at 37 and 61 wk. Bone quality traits and immunological response parameters were measured at 61 wk, and 59 and 61 wk, respectively. Hen-day egg production, feed consumption, egg weight, and percentage of cumulative mortality of laying hens were not affected by the cage designs. Specific gravity and the percentage of cracked and soft-shelled eggs were also similar between the 2 housing systems. The incidence of dirty eggs was, however, significantly higher (P < 0.0001) in enriched cages than in conventional cages. Feather scores were similar between birds except for the wing region, which was higher (P < 0.05) for hens housed in conventional cages. Bone quality measures tended to be higher for hens housed in enriched cages compared with hens in conventional cages. However, the increase was significant only for bone mineral density. Immunological response parameters did not reveal statistically significant differences. Overall, laying performance, exterior egg quality measures, plumage condition, and immunological response parameters appear to be similar for hens housed in the 2 cage systems tested. Enrichment of laying hen cages resulted in better bone quality, which could have resulted from increased activity
Ruins of the past: the use and perception of abandoned structures in the Maya lowlands
No full textTravix W. Stanton and Aline Magnoni, editors.Includes bibliographical references and index.From the Formative to the present, Maya peoples have continuously built, altered, abandoned, and re-used structures, imbuing them with new meanings at each transformation. Ruins of the Past is the first volume to focus on how previously built structures in the Maya Lowlands were used and perceived by later peoples, exploring the topic through concepts of landscape, place, and memory.--Book jacket.Foreword / Wendy Ashmore -- Places of remembrance: the use and perception of abandoned structures in the Maya lowlands / Travis W. Stanton and Aline Magnoni -- Forgotten structures, haunted houses, and occupied hearts: ancient perspectives and contemporary interpretations of abandoned sites and buildings in the Mirador Basin, Guatemala / Richard D. Hansen, Wayne K. Howell, and Stanley P. Guenter -- The transformation of abandoned architecture at Piedras Negras / Mark B. Child and Charles W. Golden -- Structure abandonment and landscape transformation: examples from the Three Rivers region / Lauren A. Sullivan [and others] -- Manipulating memory in the wake of dynastic decline at El Perú-Waka': termination deposits at abandoned structure M13-1 / Olivia C. Navarro Farr, David A. Freidel, and Ana Lucía Arroyave Prera -- Establishing and reusing sacred place: a diachronic perspective from Blackman Eddy, Belize / M. Kathryn Brown and James F. Garber -- Anatomy of a post-collapse society: identity and interaction in early postclassic Copán / T. Kam Manahan -- Landscape transformations and changing perceptions at Chunchucmil, Yucatán / Aline Magnoni, Scott R. Hutson, and Travis W. Stanton -- Edzná: a lived place through time / Antonio Benavides C. -- Memories, meanings, and historical awareness: post-abandonment behaviors among the lowland Maya / Marcello A. Canuto and Anthony P. Andrews -- Afterword / Denise Fay Brown
- …
