13 research outputs found
Asexuality: Classification and characterization
No full textThis is a post-print version of the article. The official published version can be obtaineed at the link below.The term “asexual” has been defined in many different ways and asexuality has received very little research attention. In a small qualitative study (N = 4), individuals who self-identified as asexual were interviewed to help formulate hypotheses for a larger study. The second larger study was an online survey drawn from a convenience sample designed to better characterize asexuality and to test predictors of asexual identity. A convenience sample of 1,146 individuals (N = 41 self-identified asexual) completed online questionnaires assessing sexual history, sexual inhibition and excitation, sexual desire, and an open-response questionnaire concerning asexual identity. Asexuals reported significantly less desire for sex with a partner, lower sexual arousability, and lower sexual excitation but did not differ consistently from non-asexuals in their sexual inhibition scores or their desire to masturbate. Content analyses supported the idea that low sexual desire is the primary feature predicting asexual identity
Desvendando a Interdisciplinaridade – Considerações do Serviço Social sobre a Prática Interdisciplinar
No full textTCC (Graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro Socioeconômico. Serviço Social.O presente Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC) tem como tema a interdisciplinaridade e o Serviço Social e como objeto de estudo as considerações do Serviço Social sobre a interdisciplinaridade, que será trabalhada a partir do estudo de algumas produções do Serviço Social a respeito da articulação da área com o tema. A intenção de discutir este tema teve como ponto de partida a experiência pessoal em equipe interdisciplinar vivenciada no período de estágio e da intenção de aprofundar o conhecimento sobre o mesmo dentro do debate no Serviço Social. Para contemplar o objeto deste trabalho, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa e estruturou-se o trabalho em três seções. Na primeira seção, apresenta-se a experiência pessoal em equipe interdisciplinar e faz-se uma breve contextualização da instituição onde o estágio curricular obrigatório foi realizado. Na segunda seção faz-se uma incursão sobre a historicidade da interdisciplinaridade, passando pelo resgate histórico dentro do Serviço Social, além da conceituação do tema e suas variáveis apresentados pelos diversos autores estudados. Na terceira seção, foi efetuado um estudo a partir de alguns artigos elencados que trazem a articulação da interdisciplinaridade com o Serviço Social. Por fim foram tecidas as considerações finais a respeito da interdisciplinaridade na prática profissional a partir do estudo realizado, além da identificação das referências utilizadas para a concretização deste trabalho
Models for Heavy-tailed Asset Returns
No full textMany of the concepts in theoretical and empirical finance developed over the past decades – including the classical portfolio theory, the Black- Scholes-Merton option pricing model or the RiskMetrics variance-covariance approach to VaR – rest upon the assumption that asset returns follow a normal distribution. But this assumption is not justified by empirical data! Rather, the empirical observations exhibit excess kurtosis, more colloquially known as fat tails or heavy tails. This chapter is intended as a guide to heavy-tailed models. We first describe the historically oldest heavy-tailed model – the stable laws. Next, we briefly characterize their recent lighter-tailed generalizations, the socalled truncated and tempered stable distributions. Then we study the class of generalized hyperbolic laws, which – like tempered stable distributions – can be classified somewhere between infinite variance stable laws and the Gaussian distribution. Finally, we provide numerical examples.Heavy-tailed distribution; Stable distribution; Tempered stable distribution; Generalized hyperbolic distribution; Asset return; Random number generation; Parameter estimation
Explaining consequences of employment insecurity: The dynamics of scarring in the United Kingdom, Poland and Norway
No full textThis deliverable presents three country studies on scarring effects of early employment insecurity in the United Kingdom, Poland and Norway. Traditional analysis of scarring effects has favoured the analysis of the impact of the experience of unemployment on the experience of subsequent unemployment (state dependence) and the monetary costs of previous unemployment in terms of lower subsequent wages (see e.g. Arulampalam, Booth and Taylor 2000; Arulampalam, Gregg and Gregory 2001). The three present country studies go beyond the traditional analysis of scarring effects in order to better understand the trade-offs experienced by young female and male workers when faced with an insecure labour market integration. With national longitudinal data, original methodological designs and research focus, each study contributes in an original way to the research literature. All three studies pay special attention to gender and education as potential moderating variables of scarring effects
Working towards an international consensus on criteria for assessing Internet Gaming Disorder: a critical commentary on Petry et al. (2014)
No full textThis commentary paper critically discusses the recent debate paper by Petry et al. (2014) that argued there was now an international consensus for assessing Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). Our collective opinions vary considerably regarding many different aspects of online gaming. However, we contend that the paper by Petry and colleagues does not provide a true and representative international community of researchers in this area. This paper critically discusses and provides commentary on (i) the representativeness of the international group that wrote the 'consensus' paper, and (ii) each of the IGD criteria. The paper also includes a brief discussion on initiatives that could be taken to move the field towards consensus. It is hoped that this paper will foster debate in the IGD field and lead to improved theory, better methodologically designed studies, and more robust empirical evidence as regards problematic gaming and its psychosocial consequences and impact
Selecting films for sex research: Gender differences in erotic film preference
No full textThe official published version can be obtained from the link below.The aim of this study was to explore gender differences in sexual responsiveness to erotic films that had been selected for their differential appeal for men and women. A secondary objective was to identify variables that influence sexual arousal and explore whether these variables differ for men and women. Fifteen men (M age = 26 yrs) and 17 women (M age = 24 yrs) were presented with 20 film clips depicting heterosexual interactions, half of which were female- and the other half male-selected, and were asked to rate the clips on a number of dimensions. Overall, men found the film clips more sexually arousing than did the women. Gender differences in arousal were negligible for female-selected clips but substantial for male-selected clips. Furthermore, men and women experienced higher levels of sexual arousal to clips selected for individuals of their own gender. Cluster regression analyses, explaining 77% of the variance for male and 65% for female participants, revealed that men's sexual arousal was dependent upon the attractiveness of the female actor, feeling interested, and both imagining oneself as a participant and watching as an observer. For women, with all variables entered, only imagining oneself as a participant contributed to sexual arousal ratings. The findings suggest that how films are selected in sex research is an important variable in predicting levels of sexual arousal reported by men and women
Distress, depression and coping in HLA-B27-associated anterior uveitis with focus on gender differences
No full textBackground/aims To evaluate depression, coping with
disease and stress, and the subjective impression of
distress and/or life events as triggers for recurrences in
HLA-B27-associated anterior uveitis (B27-AU), with
attention to gender-specific characteristics.
Methods 171 patients with a history of B27-AU
responded to a postal survey performed between
January 2006 and April 2008 using standardised
psychological questionnaires: Beck Depression Inventory,
Freiburg Questionnaire on Coping with Illness, and Stress
Coping Inventory.
Results Patients with B27-AU differed from healthy
controls showing more depressive symptoms (Beck
Depression Inventory, 31.6%), applying characteristic
disease coping as well as negative stress coping
strategies. Female B27-AU patients tended to react with
depression and male patients to use negative stress
coping strategies. 57.9% of patients believed that
psychological distress was a trigger for relapses, and
34.5% stated specific life events. Together, this group of
patients achieved higher depression scores and used
more negative disease and stress coping styles than
patients without perception of distress.
Conclusion Patients with B27-AU patients exhibited
significant psychopathology concerning depression and
disease coping. Distress and life events were
subjectively suspected to be a trigger. By imparting
knowledge to the patients on probable development of
depressive moods and the role of stress/life events as
trigger for relapses, as well as offering behaviour therapy
to optimise coping, may help patients to cope better
with B27-AU
Goodness-Of-Fit Tests for Doubly Truncated Data
No full textPurpose – The paper regards the goodness-of-fit (GOF) tests for doubly truncated continuous data with known truncation points. The first goal of the paper is to derive computing formulas of several test statistics for doubly truncated data, when the number of truncated data is unknown. The second goal is to develop statistical inference procedure based on the derived formulas, which includes information regarding the number of truncated data, when it is available. Research method – The formulas and the inference procedure are developed with the use of the methods proposed by Chernobai, Rachev and Fabozzi [2015], who already
developed GOF tests for the left truncated data, when the number of truncated data is unknown. Results – Several tests are developed in case of double truncation. Depending on the chosen truncation points, the tests for left, right or doubly truncated samples might be obtained. When no truncation occurs, the tests are reduced to the complete sample tests. The quality of the tests is assessed on the basis of the FTSE100 return distributions. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – To the best knowledge of the author, computing formulas of the GOF test statistics for doubly truncated distributions with known truncation points, when the number of truncated data is unknown, have not been presented in the literature [email protected]ń University of Economics and BusinessAhmad M. I., Sinclair C.D., Spurr B.D., 1988, Assessment of Flood Frequency Models Using Empirical Distribution Function Statistics, “Water Resources Research”, Vol. 24(8), pp. 1323–1328, DOI: 10.1029/WR024i008p01323.Ayebo A., Kozubowski T.J., 2003, An Asymmetric Generalization of Gaussian and Laplace Laws, “Journal of Probability and Statistical Science”, Vol. 1(2), pp. 187–210.Barr D.R., Davidson T., 1973, A Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test for Censored Samples, “Technometrics”, Vol. 15(4), pp. 739–757.Chernobai A., Rachev S., Fabozzi F., 2015, Composite Goodness-Of-Fit Tests for Left Truncated Loss Samples, [in:] Handbook of Financial Econometrics and Statistics, Lee C., Lee J. (eds), Springer, New York.Cont R., 2001, Empirical Properties of Asset Returns: Stylized Facts and Statistical Issues, “Quantitative Finance”, Vol. 1, pp. 223–236, DOI: 10.1080/713665670.Dufour R., Maag U.R., 1978, Distribution Results for Modified Kolmogorov–Smirnov Statistics for Truncated or Censored Samples, “Technometrics”, Vol. 20(1), pp. 29–32, DOI: 10.1080/00401706.1978.10489613.Echaust K., Lach A., 2017, Goodness-Of-Fit Tests for Truncated Distributions, “35th International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Economics: Conference Proceedings”.Lach A., Smaga Ł., 2018, Comparison of the Goodness-Of-Fit Tests for Truncated Distributions, “Przegląd Statystyczny”, Vol. 65(3), pp. 296–313, DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.0541.Martinez W.L., Martinez A.R., 2008, Computational Statistics Handbook with MATLAB, Chapman and Hall/CRC, New York.Pewsey A., 2018, Parametric Bootstrap Edf-based Goodness-Of-Fit Testing for Sinh-Arcsinh Distributions, “Test”, Vol. 27(1), pp. 147–172, DOI: 10.1007/s11749-017-0538-2.Pettitt A.N., Stephens M.A., 1976, Modified Cramér-von Mises Statistics for Censored Data, “Biometrika”, Vol. 63(2), pp. 291–298, DOI: 10.1093/biomet/63.2.291.Prause K., 1999, The Generalized Hyperbolic Model: Estimation, Financial Derivatives, and Risk Measures (unpublished doctoral dissertation), Universität Freiburg, Freiburg.Sinclair C.D., Spurr B.D., Ahmad M.I., 1987, Modified Anderson-Darling Test, “Communications in Statistics – Theory and Methods”, Vol. 19(10), pp. 3677–3686, DOI:
10.1080/03610929008830405.Stute W., Manteiga W.G., Quindimil M.P., 1993, Bootstrap Based Goodness-Of-Fit Tests, “Metrika”, Vol. 40(1), pp. 243–256, DOI: 10.1007/BF02613687.Tollenaar N., Mooijaart A., 2003, Type I Errors and Power of the Parametric Bootstrap Goodness-Of-Fit Test: Full and Limited Information, “British Journal of Mathematical & Statistical
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Single-dose Versus 3-day Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Transurethral Resection or Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate: A Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Trial (CITrUS Trial)
No full textGuidelines recommend single-dose antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) for transurethral resection (TURP) and photoselective vaporization (PVP) of the prostate. As guideline adherence is low and 3-d AMP is given frequently, we aimed to assess the noninferiority of a single dose compared with 3-d AMP by comparing the incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) within 30 d.
A double-blind, multicenter, randomized, noninferiority trial was conducted comparing single-dose with 3-d AMP in patients assigned to TURP and PVP, assuming a 9% event rate for a clinical diagnosis of a UTI with a 4.4% noninferiority margin.
From anticipated 1574 patients, 728 were recruited and 621 randomized patients were analyzed fully. The study was preliminary stopped due to delayed recruitment and was analyzed exploratively. Following single-dose AMP, 11.0% of patients (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.9%, 15.0%; 33/300) had a clinical diagnosis of UTIs, compared with 8.5% (95% CI 5.8%, 12.1%; 26/307) receiving 3-d AMP (between-group difference 2.5% [95% CI -2.2%, 7.5%]). The rates of UTIs supported by bacteriuria were lower without any difference between groups (single-dose AMP: 3.3% [95% CI 1.8%, 6.0%]; 3-d AMP: 3.3% [95% CI 1.8%, 5.9%]; between-group difference 0.08% [95% CI -2.97%, 3.16%]). Adverse events were rare.
In this randomized trial of transurethral prostate surgery patients, 11.0% of those on single-dose AMP and 8.5% on 3-d AMP were diagnosed with UTIs. The smaller than planned sample size precludes a definite interpretation favoring either group. Diagnoses of UTIs based on symptoms and bacteriuria reduced the overall rates and group differences.
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