8 research outputs found
Influence of early life events on immune reactivity in adult mice.
No full textThe effects of postnatal manipulations on different immune parameters were investigated in adult female mice. Postnatal stress consisted of a 15-min daily exposure to clean bedding (temperature maintained at 35 degrees C) for the first 2 weeks of life in the absence of the mother but in the presence of littermates. Controls were unhandled until weaning. At 60 days of age, female mice stressed during postnatal development showed enhanced immune reactivity as assessed by NK-cell activity and T-cell mitogenesis in comparison with unhandled mice. By contrast, B-lymphocyte proliferation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was not affected by alterations of postnatal environment. Furthermore, the association between immune reactivity and behavioral lateralization observed in adult mice was not altered by postnatal stress
Analysis of the prion protein gene in thalamic dementia
No full textFull author list omitted for brevity. For the full list of authors, see article.Thalamic degenerations or dementias are poorly understood conditions. The familial forms are (1) selective thalamic degenerations and (2) thalamic degenerations associated with multiple system atrophy. Selective thalamic degenerations share clinical and pathologic features with fatal familial insomnia, an autosomal dominant disease linked to a mutation at codon 178 of the prion protein (PrP) gene that causes the substitution of asparagine for aspartic acid (178Asn mutation). We amplified the carboxyl terminal coding region of the PrP gene from subjects with selective thalamic dementia or thalamic dementia associated with multiple system atrophy. Three of the four kindreds with selective thalamic dementia and none of the three kindreds with thalamic dementia associated with multiple system atrophy had the PrP 178Asn mutation. Thus, analysis of the PrP gene may be useful in diagnosing the subtypes of thalamic dementia. Moreover, since selective thalamic dementia with the PrP 178Asn mutation and fatal familial insomnia share clinical and histopathologic features, we propose that they are the same disease
Multi-quasiparticle states in (256)Rf
No full textExcited states in (256)Rf were populated via the Pb-208(Ti-50,2n) fusion-evaporation reaction. Delayed gamma-ray and electron decay spectroscopy was performed and three isomeric states in (256)Rf have been identified. A fourth low-energy nonyrast state was identified from the gamma-ray decay of one of the higher lying isomers. The states are interpreted as multi-quasiparticle excitations.Physics, NuclearSCI(E)0ARTICLE3null7
Incidence and risk factors for thromboembolic events in pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease: A French population-based study
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at higher risk of thromboembolic events (TE). In pediatric-onset IBD, more data on incidence and risk factors of venous (VTE) and arterial events (ATE) at the population level are needed to guide thromboprophylaxis.Methods: All patients aged ≤ 16 years diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) between 1988 and 2011 in the prospective EPIMAD population-based registry were followed until 2013. Every TE occurring during the follow-up period was included.Results: A total of 1,344 patients were included: 1,007 with CD and 337 with UC, and a median diagnosis age of 14.3 years. After a median follow-up of 8.3 years, 2 (0.15 %) ATE and 15 (1.1 %) VTE occurred at median age of 20.4 years. The global incidence rate of thromboembolic events was 1.32 per 1000 person-years. Periods of active disease (HR=8.4, p = 0.0002), the 3-month-period following surgery (HR=16.4, p = 0.0002) and hospitalization (HR=21.7, p < 0.0001) were found to be associated with an increased risk of VTE. A lower rate of VTE was found in patients treated with 5-aminosalicylates (HR=0.1, p = 0.002).Conclusion: The risk of TE was low in this population. VTE were strongly associated with active disease, surgery and hospitalization
Incidence, prevalence and clinical presentation of inflammatory bowel diseases in Northern France: a 30-year population-based study
No full textInternational audienceBackground: In industrialized countries, the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) appears stabilized. This study examined the incidence and phenotype of IBD in Northern France over a 30-year period.Methods: Including all IBD patients recorded in the EPIMAD population-based registry from 1988 to 2017 in Northern France, we described the incidence and clinical presentation of IBD according to age, sex and time.Findings: A total of 22,879 incident IBD cases were documented (59% (n = 13,445) of Crohn's disease (CD), 38% (n = 8803) of ulcerative colitis (UC), 3% (n = 631) of IBD unclassified (IBDU)). Over the study period, incidence of IBD, CD and UC was 12.7, 7.2 and 5.1 per 105 person-years, respectively. The incidence of CD increased from 5.1/105 in 1988-1990 to 7.9/105 in 2015-2017 (annual percent change (APC): +1.9%, p < 0.0001). The incidence of UC increased from 4.5/105 to 6.1/105 (APC: +1.3%, p < 0.0001). The largest increase was observed in children (+4.3% in CD, p < 0.0001; +5.4% in UC, p < 0.0001) followed by young adults aged 17-39 years (+1.9% in CD, p < 0.0001; +1.5% in UC, p < 0.0001). The increase in UC incidence was significantly higher in women than in men (+1.9% in women, +0.8% in men; p = 0.006). We estimated that in our area, by 2030, nearly 0.6% of the population will have IBD.Interpretation: The persistent increase of IBD incidence among children and young adults but also in women with UC in Northern France, suggests the persistence of substantial predisposing environmental factors
Oral anticoagulant safety in family practice: prognostic accuracy of Bleeding Risk Scores (from the CACAO study)
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Background To assess bleeding risk of patients treated by oral anticoagulants, several scores have been constructed to assist physicians in the evaluation of the benefit risk. Most of these scores lack a strong enough level of evidence for use in family practice. Objective To assess the predictive prognostic accuracy of 13 scores designed to assess the risk of major or clinically relevant non-major (CRNM) bleeding events in a French ambulatory cohort receiving Vitamin-K antagonists (VKA) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in a family practice setting. Methods CACAO (Comparison of Accidents and their Circumstances with Oral Anticoagulants) was a multicentre prospective cohort of ambulatory patients prescribed oral anticoagulants. We selected patients from the cohort who had received an oral anticoagulant because of non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and/or venous thromboembolism (VTE) to be followed during one year by their GP. The following scores were calculated: mOBRI, Shireman, Kuijer, HEMORR2HAGES, ATRIA, HAS-BLED, RIETE, VTE-BLEED, ACCP score, Rutherford, ABH-Score, GARFIEL-AF, and Outcomes Registry for Better InformedTreatment of Atrial Fibrillation (ORBIT). Prognostic accuracy was assessed by using receiver operating characteristic curves and c-statistics. Results During 1 year, 3,082 patients were followed. All of the scores demonstrated only poor to moderate ability to predict major bleeding or CRNM in NVAF patients on DOACs (c-statistic: 0.41–0.66 and 0.45–0.58), respectively. The results were only slightly better for patients prescribed VKA (0.47–0.66 and 0.5–0.55, respectively) in this indication. The results were also unsatisfactory in patients treated for VTE. Conclusion None of the scores demonstrated satisfactory discriminatory ability when used in family practice. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT0237677
Patients treated with vitamin K oral anticoagulants in family practice: a new approach to bleeding risk assessment. An ancillary study by the CACAO prospective general practice cohort
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Background The ability of bleeding risk scores to predict major bleeding (MB) or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding (CRNMB) remains a topic of contention, particularly in nonselected patients in family practice. In addition, the capacity to predict bleeding risk using simple variables has yet to be established. Objectives The main objective was to confirm that severe anemia was the most predictive factor for the estimation of bleeding risk in patients treated with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). Secondary objectives were to test the capacity of different bleeding scores to detect high-risk patients. Subsequently, the impact of functional decline on bleeding incidence was explored. Methods The CACAO study was a multicenter prospective cohort study of patients who, due to nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and/or venous thromboembolism (VTE), had been prescribed an oral anticoagulant by their general practitioner (GP) as a prophylactic measure. Patient characteristics were collected at the time of inclusion by GPs, who then monitored them in accordance with standard practice for one year. MB and CRNMB were the main outcomes for one year. By applying this approach, a total of 13 scores were analyzed. Results Aaemia was found to be strongly associated with MB (HR: 2.77, 95% CI: 1.2–6.36), with a particularly pronounced association observed in cases of severe anemia (HR: 12.9, 95% CI: 2.76–60.35). Twelve out of 27 MB cases were not identified by at least half of the scores. By contrast, functional decline was identified as a novel factor associated with MB (HR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.13–5.31). Conclusions Preexisting anemia is a major prognostic factor associated with the occurrence of bleeding. It seems relevant to suggest that functional decline should be considered by GPs when assessing bleeding risk
