180 research outputs found
Propuesta de mejora de procesos en una fábrica de cartones empleando herramientas de manufactura Esbelta
No full textEl presente estudio es una propuesta de mejora de procesos utilizando herramientas de manufactura esbelta en una empresa que se dedica a la fabricación de envases de cartón. Para el logro de estos objetivos, se utilizarán tres herramientas de manufactura esbelta que crean un círculo virtuoso de beneficios directos para la empresa. En primer lugar, la metodología de 5S´s contribuye en la productividad de una empresa y elimina los defectos que existen dentro de la organización. En segundo lugar, el Value Stream Mapping permite diagnosticar los procesos productivos e identificar las operaciones que no agregan valor y tomar mejores decisiones, así como aumentar el valor de los productos. En tercer lugar, el Mantenimiento Productivo Total se enfoca en planificar la programación de mantenimiento, tener al personal capacitado y reducir las incertidumbres de las máquinas. Se realizará una evaluación económica de las propuestas a implementar para ver si son viables y el ahorro generado por la aplicación de la mejora.The present study is a process improvement proposal using lean manufacturing tools in a company that is dedicated to the manufacture of cardboard packaging. To achieve these goals, three lean tools will be used that create a virtuous circle of direct benefits for the company. First of all, the 5S methodology contributes to the productivity of a company and eliminates the defects that exist within the organization. Second, Value Stream Mapping allows to diagnose production processes and identify operations that don't add value and make better decisions, as well as increase the value of products. Third, Total Productive Maintenance focuses on planning maintenance schedules, having trained personnel and reducing machine uncertainties. An economic evaluation of the proposals to be implemented will be carried out to see if they are viable and the savings generated by the application of the improvement
Factores que intervienen en la cultura tributaria en la Asociación Ballena Jorobada de la Parroquia Puerto Cayo y su relación con el desarrollo económico de la entidad
No full textIntroduction: Tax culture is a key element in the economic and social development of entities and territories in general. Taxpayers' knowledge of rules and regulations, as well as of tax systems and the benefits they offer, is an essential basis for economic growth and good management of the entities. This research, based on the study of international and territorial references, identifies key factors that contribute to tax culture. This study makes it possible to triangulate results from benchmark studies and a survey of members of the Humpback Whale Association of Puerto Cayo Parish, which makes it possible to identify factors involved in the tax culture of this association as such. Non-compliance with taxation brings with it insufficiencies in the economic development of the entity, as well as local development. Objective: To identify the fundamental factors involved in the tax culture of the Humpback Whale Association of Puerto Cayo Parish and their influence on the organization’s financial management. Methodology: This research is fundamentally qualitative and descriptive; no experiments are carried out. In order to identify the factors involved in the tax culture in the Humpback Whale Association of Puerto Cayo Parish, a documentary analysis was carried out to identify key elements for the research. After the initial identification of these factors by the author of the research, a survey was conducted with a sample of 14 members of the Humpback Whale Association of Puerto Cayo Parish triangulate and identify the factors involved in the tax culture of the association as such. Results: The key factors involved in the tax culture of the Humpback Whale Association of Puerto Cayo Parish and their influence on the organization’s financial management are identified. Conclusion: Among the key findings of the research, the key factors that intervene in the tax culture in the Humpback Whale Association of Puerto Cayo Parish are identified as adequate training of taxpayers, effective use of technology and knowledge of tax incentives. Type of study: Original articles.Introducción: La cultura tributaria es un elemento clave en el desarrollo económico y social de entidades y territorios en general. Los conocimientos de los contribuyentes de normas y regulaciones, así como de sistemas tributarios y los beneficios que ofrecen es una base esencial para el crecimiento económico y la buena gestión de las entidades. La presente investigación a partir del estudio de referencias internacionales y territoriales identifica factores claves que tributan a la cultura tributaria. Este estudio permite triangular resultados a partir de los estudios referenciales y una encuesta realizada a socios de la Asociación Ballena Jorobada de la Parroquia Puerto Cayo lo cual permite identificar factores que intervienen en la cultura tributaria de esta asociación como tal. El incumplimiento tributario trae consigo insuficiencias en el desarrollo económico de la entidad, así como el desarrollo local. Objetivo: Identificar los factores fundamentales que intervienen la cultura tributaria en la Asociación Ballena Jorobada de la Parroquia Puerto Cayo y su influencia en la gestión financiera de la entidad. Metodología: La presente investigación es fundamentalmente cualitativa y descriptiva, no se realizan experimentos. Con el objetivo de identificar los factores que intervienen en la cultura tributaria en la Asociación Ballena Jorobada de la Parroquia Puerto Cayo se realiza un análisis documental identificando elementos claves para la investigación. Luego de la identificación inicial de estos factores por el autor de la investigación, se realiza una encuesta a una muestra de 14 socios de la Asociación Ballena Jorobada de la Parroquia Puerto Cayo para triangular e identificar los factores que intervienen en la cultura tributaria de la asociación como tal. Resultados: Se identifican los factores claves que intervienen la cultura tributaria en la Asociación Ballena Jorobada de la Parroquia Puerto Cayo y su influencia en la gestión financiera de la entidad. Conclusión: Como hallazgos fundamentales de la investigación se identifican entre los factores claves que intervienen en la cultura tributaria en la Asociación Ballena Jorobada de la Parroquia Puerto Cayo la adecuada capacitación de los contribuyentes, el uso efectivo de las tecnologías y el conocimiento de incentivos tributarios. Tipo de estudio: Artículo origina
Author Correction: Tree mode of death and mortality risk factors across Amazon forests
No full textThe original version of this Article contained an error in Table 2, where the number of individuals in the “All Amazonia” row was reported as 11,6431 instead of 116,431. Also, the original version of this Article contained an error in the Methods, where the R2 for the proportion of broken/uprooted dead trees increase per year was reported as 0.12, the correct value being 0.06. The original version of this Article contained errors in the author affiliations. The affiliation of Gerardo A. Aymard C. with UNELLEZGuanare, Herbario Universitario (PORT), Portuguesa, Venezuela Compensation International Progress S.A. Ciprogress–Greenlife.</p
The city and landscapes beyond Harold Pinter's rooms
No full textPinter's dramas have been labelled as 'absurd', 'mysterious', 'enigmatic', 'taciturn'.
There has been a constant tendency to reduce the idea of the 'Pinteresque' to language
when Pinter is preoccupied with the tensions between reality and the world of the
imagination. He has, actually and accurately, used theatre as a 'critical act' to denote
the abstracted realities, and he has applied his language to embody his world-view - his
concerns in the contemporary capitalist world.
Pinter has journeyed from the room to the outside world, from the private to the public
social space, and has identified an inescapable sense of pessimism and alienation, and
investigated an alarming world of atrocities. There are cities and landscapes beyond
Pinter's rooms, cities peopled by wandering, displaced figures surveying the self-estranged city that is modern consciousness, and landscapes where his people retreat
into the private realms of memory and fantasy.
This thesis explores the virtual geographies beyond Pinter's rooms through the
vocabulary of some modernist theoreticians and social scientists, as there are significant
parallels between their analytical observations and the poetic perceptions of Pinter, a
practising artist, and the phantom images of his characters.
Pinter's plays and film adaptations tend to portray the city as a colonial present, and the
country as a mythological past. The 1970s' plays portray a community of isolation,
urban decay, dispossession and suffering, through the figure of the 'flâneur' - his
characters' subjective experiences, memories and fantasies in the metropolis. In these
memory plays, men and women have different mental landscapes and desires. To some
extent the city is both a male-constructed world and an image of the twentieth century;
in both senses it is anti-human and in decline.
In his 1980s mature plays, Pinter's lyrical interiors and serene landscapes are colonised
by the metropolis. Here Pinter investigates a universally oppressive space filled with
misery and social dislocation. The city destroys humanity in a decaying modem world.
These plays identify the global city as the locus of existential alienation and as the
centre of political power and oppression - a world of brute masculine power.
The last two plays, in this study explore other wastelands of human isolation and
suffering, and criticise the British suspicion of the 'intelligentsia'. Using scenes that are
ingrained in the contemporary audience's physical memory, Pinter makes the
distinction between being an active participant and being a witness, a 'spectator' in this
alarming world. And thus, he criticises the tradition of mockery of the artistic and the
intellectually curious in Britain, and urges a need for a 'politically curious', at politically questioning theatre-going society
Education and Training in Montserrat:A Partially Annotated Bibliography
No full textThis bibliography on “Education and Training in Montserrat” has been specifically prepared for the UWI School of Continuing Studies’ Montserrat Conference (2002). An attempt has been made to be as comprehensive as possible, but because of the weak bibliographical coverage of the literature of the region, important items may have been omitted. This is especially true for policy documents emanating from official sources
Data and R-code from 'Mode of death and mortality risk factors in Amazon trees'. Nature communications. 2020
No full textThe carbon sink capacity of tropical forests is substantially affected by tree mortality. However, the main drivers of tropical tree death remain largely unknown. Here we present a pan-Amazonian assessment of how and why trees die, analysing over 120,000 trees representing > 3800 species from 189 long-term RAINFOR forest plots. While tree mortality rates vary greatly Amazon-wide, on average trees are as likely to die standing as they are broken or uprooted—modes of death with different ecological consequences. Species-level growth rate is the single most important predictor of tree death in Amazonia, with faster-growing species being at higher risk. Within species, however, the slowest-growing trees are at greatest risk while the effect of tree size varies across the basin. In the driest Amazonian region species-level bioclimatic distributional patterns also predict the risk of death, suggesting that these forests are experiencing climatic conditions beyond their adaptative limits. These results provide not only a holistic pan-Amazonian picture of tree death but large-scale evidence for the overarching importance of the growth–survival trade-off in driving tropical tree mortality
Tree mode of death and mortality risk factors across Amazon forests
No full textThe carbon sink capacity of tropical forests is substantially affected by tree mortality. However, the main drivers of tropical tree death remain largely unknown. Here we present a pan-Amazonian assessment of how and why trees die, analysing over 120,000 trees representing > 3800 species from 189 long-term RAINFOR forest plots. While tree mortality rates vary greatly Amazon-wide, on average trees are as likely to die standing as they are broken or uprooted—modes of death with different ecological consequences. Species-level growth rate is the single most important predictor of tree death in Amazonia, with faster-growing species being at higher risk. Within species, however, the slowest-growing trees are at greatest risk while the effect of tree size varies across the basin. In the driest Amazonian region species-level bioclimatic distributional patterns also predict the risk of death, suggesting that these forests are experiencing climatic conditions beyond their adaptative limits. These results provide not only a holistic pan-Amazonian picture of tree death but large-scale evidence for the overarching importance of the growth–survival trade-off in driving tropical tree mortality
The global abundance of tree palms
No full textAim
Palms are an iconic, diverse and often abundant component of tropical ecosystems that provide many ecosystem services. Being monocots, tree palms are evolutionarily, morphologically and physiologically distinct from other trees, and these differences have important consequences for ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration and storage) and in terms of responses to climate change. We quantified global patterns of tree palm relative abundance to help improve understanding of tropical forests and reduce uncertainty about these ecosystems under climate change.
Location
Tropical and subtropical moist forests.
Time period
Current.
Major taxa studied
Palms (Arecaceae).
Methods
We assembled a pantropical dataset of 2,548 forest plots (covering 1,191 ha) and quantified tree palm (i.e., ≥10 cm diameter at breast height) abundance relative to co‐occurring non‐palm trees. We compared the relative abundance of tree palms across biogeographical realms and tested for associations with palaeoclimate stability, current climate, edaphic conditions and metrics of forest structure.
Results
On average, the relative abundance of tree palms was more than five times larger between Neotropical locations and other biogeographical realms. Tree palms were absent in most locations outside the Neotropics but present in >80% of Neotropical locations. The relative abundance of tree palms was more strongly associated with local conditions (e.g., higher mean annual precipitation, lower soil fertility, shallower water table and lower plot mean wood density) than metrics of long‐term climate stability. Life‐form diversity also influenced the patterns; palm assemblages outside the Neotropics comprise many non‐tree (e.g., climbing) palms. Finally, we show that tree palms can influence estimates of above‐ground biomass, but the magnitude and direction of the effect require additional work.
Conclusions
Tree palms are not only quintessentially tropical, but they are also overwhelmingly Neotropical. Future work to understand the contributions of tree palms to biomass estimates and carbon cycling will be particularly crucial in Neotropical forests
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