401,563 research outputs found
The Social Context and Textual/Musical Characteristics of the Besta Genre of Southern Iraq
No full textDespite the extensive research by ethnomusicologists on a number of musical cultures, little attention has been given to Iraqi music. The term besta (literally, happiness) is used by Iraqis to signify the genre, which in formal Arabic is called ʾughniyeh. This thesis examines the besta genre in the community of the villages in Dhi-QAr province in southern Iraq. The aims of the study are: to place the songs of the area in their cultural context, classify the repertoire into different categories, develop an analytical methodology, analyse (recorded) examples of the besta song and archive the songs as rare examples f a somewhat endangered Iraqi genre.
Two approaches were followed in order to achieve these objectives: an ethnographic approach, to study the local community and explore the social context of singing, and an analytical approach, to explore the musical characteristics of the besta songs. The analysis involves study of the songs’ texts and their melodic features.
The results show that traditions are stronger than religious values in what is a completely male-dominated society, one in which women have little cultural role to play. Results of the analysis of the text identified poetic elements of the text such as the darmi as the dominant poetic metre, with parting as the main theme, and anguish and sadness as the central emotions of the texts. The results of the melodic analyses show that the intervallic structure of the songs’ melodies relies on a number of Iraqi and Arabic tetrachords, and that the Beyat tetrachord in particular is the most common among the songs. A number of structural characteristics of the melodies have been identified. Beside other patterns, the Maqsum is the most common accompaniment in the songs. It is hoped that the ethnographic and analytical approach developed in this study will lay the foundations for future studies of Iraqi and Arabic music
RRS James Cook Cruise 30, 26 Dec 2008-30 Jan 2009. Antarctic Deep Water Rates of Export (ANDREX)
No full textThis report describes scientific activities on RRS James Cook cruise 30, “ANDREX”, westwards from 30°E and in the vicinity of latitude 60°S, between late December 2008 and late January 2009. The cruise was terminated about halfway through by a medical emergency. Hydrographic work comprised 27 CTD/LADCP stations. Water samples were captured for measurement of salinity, dissolved oxygen, inorganic nutrients, oxygen isotope fraction, chlorofluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride, dissolved inorganic carbon and alkalinity, helium / tritium / noble gases and radiocarbon. Underway measurements comprised navigation, currents (ADCP), meteorology, and sea surface temperature and salinity. The remainder of the hydrographic section was executed a year later on RRS James Clark Ross, cruise JR239
The astrochemical observatory: Computational and theoretical focus on molecular chirality changing torsions around O – O and S – S bonds
No full textThe observation of hydrogen peroxide in the interstellar medium represents a remarkable discovery for the astrochemistry community. The prototypical role that this molecule, arguably the simplest chiral molecule, plays in the evolution of life in biospheres, is related to the chirality change transitions associated with the torsional motions around the O - O and the S - S bonds. In this paper, we present an overview on the state-of-art of possible experiments to demonstrate chiral effects discrimination and computational tools applied to peroxides and persulfides
Centimeter precision geoid model for Jeddah region (Saudi Arabia)
No full textIn 2014, the Jeddah Municipality made a call for an estimate of a centimetric precision geoid model to be used for engineering and surveying applications, because the regional geoid model available at that time did not reach a sufficient precision. Aproject was set up to this end and dedicated sets of gravity and Global Positioning System (GPS)/levelling data were acquired in the framework of this project. In this paper, a thorough analysis of these newly acquired data and of the last available Global Gravity Field Models (GGMs) has been done in order to obtain a geoid undulation estimate with the prescribed precision. In the framework of the Remove-Compute-Restore (RCR) approach, the collocation method was used to obtain the height anomaly estimation that was then converted to geoid undulation. The remove and restore steps of the RCR approach were based on GGMs, derived from the Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) dedicated gravity satellite missions, which were used to improve the long wavelength components of the Earth's gravity field. Furthermore, two different quasi-geoid collocation estimates were computed, based on gravity data only and on gravity plus GPS/levelling data (the so-called hybrid estimate). The best solutions were obtained with the hybrid geoid estimate. This was tested by comparison with an independent set of GPS/levelling geoid undulations that were not included in the computed solutions. By these tests, the precision of the hybrid geoid is estimated to be 3.7 cm. This precision proved to be better, by a factor of two, than the corresponding one estimated from the pure gravimetric geoid. This project has been also useful to verify the importance and reliability of GGMs developed from the last satellite gravity missions (GOCE and GRACE) that have significantly improved our knowledge of the long wavelength components of the Earth's gravity field, especially in areas with poor coverage of terrestrial gravity data. In fact, the geoid models based on satellite-only GGMs proved to have a better performance, despite the lower spatial resolution with respect to high-resolution models (i.e., Earth Gravitational Model 2008 (EGM2008))
Observations of Bºs→ψ(2S)η and Bº(s)→ψ(2S)π+π- decays
No full textFirst observations of the B0s
→ψ(2S)η, B0 →ψ(2S)π
+
π
− and B0s
→ψ(2S)π
+
π
− decays are made
using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1 collected by the LHCb experiment in
proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of
√
s = 7 TeV. The ratios of the branching fractions
of each of the ψ(2S) modes with respect to the corresponding J/ψ decays are
B(B0s
→ψ(2S)η)
÷
B(B0s
→J/ψη)
= 0.83± 0.14 (stat)±0.12 (syst) ±0.02 (B),
;
B(B0→ψ(2S)π
+
π
−
)
÷
B(B0→J/ψπ
+
π
−
)
= 0.56± 0.07 (stat)±0.05 (syst)± 0.01 (B),
;
B(B0s
→ψ(2S)π
+
π
−
)
÷
B(B0s
→J/ψπ
+
π
−
)
= 0.34± 0.04 (stat)±0.03 (syst)± 0.01 (B),
where the third uncertainty corresponds to the uncertainties of the dilepton branching fractions of the J/ψ
and ψ(2S) meson decays
O portunhol como interl?ngua: uma proposta de retextualiza??o/tradu??o com foco no par lingu?stico portugu?s<>espanhol
No full textA fines de 2017, el Instituto Brasile?o de Turismo (Embratur) lanz? la campa?a "Aqui
hablamos Portu?ol: en Brasil todo mundo se entiende" para divulgar la belleza natural
del pa?s, atraer turistas de habla hisp?nica y tambi?n se?alar la posibilidad comunicativa
entre hablantes de la uni?n de las lenguas portuguesa y espa?ola: el portu?ol. En este
contexto, este trabajo tiene el objetivo general de analizar la presencia y uso del
portu?ol en el material publicitario audiovisual elaborado por Embratur (2017) a trav?s
de las perspectivas te?ricas que permean la Interlengua, llevando en cuenta la identidad
cultural del brasile?o y del hispanohablante a partir de la elaboraci?n de una propuesta
de retextualizaci?n/traducci?n para el g?nero textual folleto tur?stico impreso y
traducci?n desde una perspectiva funcionalista. Tras el objetivo general se ha
configurado los siguientes objetivos espec?ficos: (i) sistematizar algunos preceptos
te?ricos acerca de la Interlengua, centr?ndose en el par ling??stico portugu?sespa?ol,
ya que el portu?ol se forma a partir de la uni?n/contacto de estas dos lenguas; (ii)
indicar de forma descriptiva, anal?tica y cr?tica el contenido presentado en el material
publicitario audiovisual puesto a disposici?n y difundido por Embratur, a trav?s del
contexto cultural y situacional que abarca dicho material, teniendo en cuenta las dos
lenguas involucradas; (iii) presentar una propuesta de retextualizaci?n/traducci?n del
material publicitario audiovisual de Embratur para el folleto tur?stico en versi?n
biling?e anclada en los principios te?ricos sobre la retextualizaci?n desde la perspectiva
de la traducci?n funcionalista. Para dar cuenta de tales objetivos, generales y
espec?ficos, el trabajo se divide en tres cap?tulos: aclarar los caminos te?ricos en los que
se incluye la disertaci?n y trae a la discusi?n los aportes te?ricos de Selinker (1972),
Fern?ndez (1997) y Baralo (1999; 2000; 2004; 2011) acerca de la Interlengua;
Marcuschi (2010 [2001]), Travaglia (2013 [1993]), Dell?Isola (2007), Demetrio (2014)
y Saldanha (2018) proporcionan apoyo te?rico con respecto a la retextualizaci?n; y por
fin, Nord (2010; 2010a; 2010b; 2010c; 2016) con respecto a la traducci?n funcionalista.
La secuencia tiene como objetivo presentar el corpus de este estudio, por lo tanto, se
trata de la presentaci?n, descripci?n, discusi?n y an?lisis de diez videos mostrados en el
sitio de Embratur y en la plataforma youtube. Adem?s, la continuaci?n del trabajo
se?ala el proceso de retextualizaci?n/traducci?n del material publicitario audiovisual
puesto a disposici?n y transmitido por Embratur al folleto tur?stico impreso y biling?e.
El punto de partida se bas? en la delimitaci?n del corpus y la creaci?n de siete preguntas
orientadoras para que el traductor, antes de realizar la tarea, observe qu? elementos
componen el c?rculo de actividad. Una vez respondidas las preguntas y realizada la tarea
de retextualizaci?n/traducci?n, se ha comprobado la versatilidad de los g?neros
textuales y la medida en que los elementos culturales est?n presentes y deben ser
considerados por el traductor, as? como las construcciones ling??sticas. A?n, es posible
observar el uso del idioma portugu?s y espa?ol, cruzando la l?nea de la IL portu?ol.No final do ano de 2017, o Instituto Brasileiro de Turismo (Embratur) lan?ou a
campanha "Aqui hablamos Portu?ol: en Brasil todo mundo se entiende" para publicizar
as belezas naturais do pa?s, atrair turistas hispanofalantes e, ainda, apontar a
possibilidade comunicativa entre os falantes a partir da jun??o das l?nguas portuguesa e
espanhola: o portunhol. Nesse cen?rio, esta disserta??o tem como objetivo geral analisar
a presen?a e o uso do portunhol no material publicit?rio audiovisual disponibilizado
pela Embratur (2017). Essa an?lise se d? atrav?s das perspectivas te?ricas que permeiam
a Interl?ngua, levando em considera??o a identidade cultural do brasileiro e do
hispanofalante a partir da cria??o de uma proposta de retextualiza??o para o g?nero
textual folheto tur?stico impresso e da tradu??o sob a ?tica funcionalista. Partindo do
objetivo geral tra?aram-se os seguintes objetivos espec?ficos: (i) sistematizar alguns
preceitos te?ricos acerca da Interl?ngua, tendo como foco o par lingu?stico
portugu?sespanhol, uma vez que o portunhol se forma a partir da jun??o/contato
dessas duas l?nguas; (ii) indicar de forma descritiva, anal?tica e cr?tica o conte?do
apresentado no material publicit?rio audiovisual disponibilizado e veiculado pela
Embratur, atrav?s do contexto cultural e situacional abordados em tal material, levando
em considera??o as duas l?nguas envolvidas; (iii) apresentar uma proposta de
retextualiza??o/tradu??o do material publicit?rio audiovisual da Embratur para folheto
tur?stico em uma vers?o bil?ngue ancorada nos princ?pios te?ricos acerca da
retextualiza??o pela ?tica de tradu??o funcionalista. Para dar conta de tais objetivos ?
geral e espec?ficos - o trabalho est? dividido em elucidar o caminho te?rico no qual a
disserta??o est? inserida, trazendo para a discuss?o os aportes te?ricos de Selinker
(1972), Fern?ndez (1997) e Baralo (1999; 2000; 2004; 2011) acerca da Interl?ngua;
Marcuschi (2010 [2001]), Travaglia (2013 [1993]), Dell?Isola (2007), Demetrio (2014)
e Saldanha (2018) d?o respaldo te?rico com respeito ? retextualiza??o; e por fim, Nord
(2010; 2010a; 2010b; 2010c; 2016) com rela??o ? tradu??o funcionalista. A sequ?ncia
est? destinada a apresentar o corpus deste estudo, logo, trata-se da apresenta??o,
descri??o, discuss?o e an?lise de dez v?deos veiculados no site da Embratur e na
plataforma youtube. Al?m disso, a etapa seguinte do trabalho aponta o processo de
retextualiza??o/tradu??o do material publicit?rio audiovisual disponibilizado e
veiculado pela Embratur para o folheto tur?stico impresso e bil?ngue. O ponto de partida
se deu a partir da delimita??o do corpus e da cria??o de 7 perguntas norteadoras para
que o tradutor, antes de realizar a tarefa, observe quais elementos comp?em o c?rculo da
atividade. Respondidas as perguntas e realizada a tarefa de retextualiza??o/tradu??o
provou-se a versatilidade dos g?neros textuais e o quanto os elementos culturais se
fazem presentes e devem ser considerados pelo tradutor, tanto quanto as constru??es
lingu?sticas. Ainda, pode-se observar o uso das l?nguas portuguesa e espanhola,
transpassando o entremeio da IL portunhol
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pedagogia da comida: pr?ticas da alimenta??o escolar a partir da percep??o de merendeiras
No full textSchool feeding in Brazil stands out as the longer-lasting public policy in the country when it comes to the food and nutrition security area. It aims to assure students in the public education system, the provision of food for their full growth and development, considering the period that they are at school. The term ?food pedagogy? used in the title of this research, seeks to inquire about the experiences of eating in the community, especially about school feeding, studying their meanings, and how these references are built over the years. Within this context, we find food handlers, or as called in this research, lunch ladies (?merendeiras?), professionals who are closely linked to constructions of the meanings of eating at school. Thus, this research aims to analyze the perceptions of lunch ladies, from two municipalities in the Rio Grande do Sul state, about school feeding. This research is characterized as qualitative, using the action research method. First of all, a semi-structured interview was carried out with the lunch ladies, and after analyzing these interviews, it was possible to categorize the answers, considering their perceptions about school feeding. For the interviews, the total number of participants was nine lunch ladies. After analyzing the interviews, three conversation circles were developed, with eight participants. The survey results show that the lunch ladies know little about the PNAE public policy, but they know about the practice and the importance of their daily tasks. Regarding school menus, it was possible to discuss the requirements, restrictions, and preferences of food groups, highlighting the importance of complying with what is established in the legislation, thinking about the meals offered with nutritional quality. Regarding the factors that influence adherence to school feeding, the lunch ladies reported that the students eat because they are hungry, but also because of encouragement, taste, class shift, type of preparation, or because they prefer another activity, such as playing. The fact that some students take snacks from home was also seen as an interference in the adherence to the food served in the school environment. Finally, we noticed the relevance of constant training with the lunch ladies, allowing an expansion of their perceptions about school feeding, understanding the public policy that is PNAE and its characteristics.A alimenta??o escolar no Brasil, caracteriza-se como a pol?tica p?blica com mais longevidade no pa?s, quando se fala na ?rea de seguran?a alimentar e nutricional. Ela visa assegurar aos estudantes da rede p?blica de educa??o, o fornecimento de alimentos para o seu pleno crescimento e desenvolvimento, considerando o per?odo em que se encontrar na escola. E o termo, ?pedagogia da comida? utilizado no t?tulo desta pesquisa, busca indagar sobre as experi?ncias do comer na coletividade, em especial sobre a alimenta??o escolar, estudando os seus significados e como esses referenciais s?o constru?dos no decorrer dos anos. Dentro deste contexto, encontramos os manipuladores de alimentos, ou como chamados nesta pesquisa, de merendeiras, profissionais que est?o intimamente ligados a constru??es dos significados do comer na escola. Com isso, a pesquisa apresenta como objetivo, analisar as percep??es de merendeiras, de dois munic?pios do Rio Grande do Sul, sobre a alimenta??o escolar. A pesquisa se caracteriza como qualitativa, utilizando o m?todo de pesquisa-a??o. Inicialmente foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada com as merendeiras, e ap?s a an?lise destas entrevistas, p?de-se categorizar as respostas, considerando as percep??es das merendeiras sobre a alimenta??o escolar. Para o momento das entrevistas o n?mero total de participantes foram nove merendeiras. Ap?s a an?lise das entrevistas, foi desenvolvida tr?s rodas de conversa, com oito participantes. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que as merendeiras pouco conhecem a pol?tica p?blica que ? o PNAE, mas conhecem a pr?tica e a import?ncia dos seus afazeres di?rios. Referente aos card?pios escolares foi poss?vel discutir sobre as exig?ncias, restri??es e prefer?ncias de g?neros aliment?cios, destacando a import?ncia do cumprimento do que ? estabelecido na legisla??o, pensando na oferta de refei??es com qualidade nutricional. Em rela??o aos fatores que influenciam na ades?o a alimenta??o escolar, as merendeiras referiram que os alunos comem por fome, mas tamb?m por incentivo, sabor, turno da aula, tipo de prepara??o ou pelo fato de preferirem outra atividade, como brincar. O fato de os alunos levarem lanche de casa tamb?m foi visto como interfer?ncia na ades?o da alimenta??o servida em ambiente escolar. Por fim, percebeu-se a relev?ncia de treinamentos constantes com as merendeiras, permitindo assim, uma amplia??o das percep??es das merendeiras quanto a alimenta??o escolar, entendendo sobre a pol?tica p?blica que o PNAE e suas caracter?sticas
Al-Sharif Al-Radi: His Life and Poetry
No full textThe aim of this work is to study al-Sharif al-Radl, his life and poetry. The first part deals with the poet’s environment and life; the second with his poetry. Chapter I deals with the political conditions under which the poet lived. The purpose of the second chapter is to portray Al-Radl's social environment and its reflection in contemporary poetry. The third chapter describes the literary environment of Al-Radl's age at some length. The fourth chapter aims to study Al-Radl's life in detail. The factors which influenced his outlook and personality are discussed. An attempt is made to discern how far these factors affected his poetry. The second part of this work deals with Al-Radl's poetry itself. In Chapter V historical observations are made on Al-Radl's Diwan o in both manuscript and published forms. Chapter VI deals with his panegyrics. General remarks are made on eulogy in Arabic poetry. The content, form and development of Al-Radl's panegyrical odes are analysed. His Ikhwaniyyat receive special attention. Chapter VII deals with Al-Radl's self-praise its content and form. An endeavour is made to explore the Utopian world which the poet tried to portray, Al-Radl's elegies (Ch. VIII). their content, form and characteristics are reviewed. In addition, his dirges on women receive attention. Shi ism in Al-Radl’s poetry is discussed in Chapter IX, Al-Radl’s love-poetry (Ch. X) is discussed. His Hijaziyyat receive particular attention. It is claimed that Al-Radl’s produced in his Hijaaiyyat a poetical amalgam which contains some aspects of ‘Udhrite and ’Umarite poetry. Chapter II deals with Al-Radl's poetical technique. His theories of poetical composition and his comments on other poets are examined. A comparison is made between Al-Radl and other poets both previous and contemporary. Special attention is paid to al-Mutanabbi's influence. In Chapter XII there is a broad re-assessment of Al-Radl’s place in the history of Arabic poetry
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