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    9 research outputs found

    Experimental Study on Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal from Mine Wastewater by Rumex nepalensis Spreng.: Phytoremediation of heavy metal from mine wastewater

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    Tailings pond is considered as the main source of heavy metal pollution in gold mining areas. These heavy metals are directly released into fresh water without proper treatment. Phytoremediation process with the selected terrestrial plants may be an alternative solution for the mine wastewater treatment. In the current study, an experimental investigation found that Rumex nepalensis Spreng. has found a good accumulator of multi-metals in 15 days of experimental period. The results revealed that the removal efficiencies for Zn, Cu, Ni and Pb were 100%, 92%, 87%, and 67%, respectively. These indicate the plant showed its maximum accumulation of multi-metals. However, Pb reached saturation at the end of the 10th day, which makes its removal efficiency only in the first 10 days of the experimental period.  The experiment revealed Pb and Ni which were above WHO standard for drinking water in the mine wastewater were made to permissible limit for these metals after the treatment
    UNIMAS Journal (Universiti Malaysia Sarawak)

    Wastewater Confronting Realities for Sustainable Livelihood in Developing Countries: Case Study Mekelle University, Ethiopia

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    Crossref

    Field-based investigation on phytoremediation potentials of <i>Lemna minor</i> and <i>Azolla filiculoides</i> in tropical, semiarid regions: Case of Ethiopia

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    Crossref

    Measuring routine childhood vaccination coverage in 204 countries and territories, 1980-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020, Release 1

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    Background Measuring routine childhood vaccination is crucial to inform global vaccine policies and programme implementation, and to track progress towards targets set by the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) and Immunization Agenda 2030. Robust estimates of routine vaccine coverage are needed to identify past successes and persistent vulnerabilities. Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020, Release 1, we did a systematic analysis of global, regional, and national vaccine coverage trends using a statistical framework, by vaccine and over time. Methods For this analysis we collated 55 326 country-specific, cohort-specific, year-specific, vaccine-specific, and dosespecific observations of routine childhood vaccination coverage between 1980 and 2019. Using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, we produced location-specific and year-specific estimates of 11 routine childhood vaccine coverage indicators for 204 countries and territories from 1980 to 2019, adjusting for biases in countryreported data and reflecting reported stockouts and supply disruptions. We analysed global and regional trends in coverage and numbers of zero-dose children (defined as those who never received a diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis DTP] vaccine dose), progress towards GVAP targets, and the relationship between vaccine coverage and sociodemographic development. Findings By 2019, global coverage of third-dose DTP (DTP3; 81.6% 95% uncertainty interval 80.4-82 .7]) more than doubled from levels estimated in 1980 (39.9% 37.5-42.1]), as did global coverage of the first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1; from 38.5% 35.4-41.3] in 1980 to 83.6% 82.3-84.8] in 2019). Third- dose polio vaccine (Pol3) coverage also increased, from 42.6% (41.4-44.1) in 1980 to 79.8% (78.4-81.1) in 2019, and global coverage of newer vaccines increased rapidly between 2000 and 2019. The global number of zero-dose children fell by nearly 75% between 1980 and 2019, from 56.8 million (52.6-60. 9) to 14.5 million (13.4-15.9). However, over the past decade, global vaccine coverage broadly plateaued; 94 countries and territories recorded decreasing DTP3 coverage since 2010. Only 11 countries and territories were estimated to have reached the national GVAP target of at least 90% coverage for all assessed vaccines in 2019. Interpretation After achieving large gains in childhood vaccine coverage worldwide, in much of the world this progress was stalled or reversed from 2010 to 2019. These findings underscore the importance of revisiting routine immunisation strategies and programmatic approaches, recentring service delivery around equity and underserved populations. Strengthening vaccine data and monitoring systems is crucial to these pursuits, now and through to 2030, to ensure that all children have access to, and can benefit from, lifesaving vaccines
    Spiral - Imperial College Digital Repository
    KAUST Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)
    Kristiania Open Archive
    Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto
    NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives
    espace@Curtin
    The Francis Crick Institute
    LSHTM Research Online
    Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Pavia
    Adelaide Research & Scholarship
    OPUS - University of Technology Sydney
    Yonsei University Medical Library Open Access Repository
    UCL Discovery
    shahrekord university of medical scinces
    Oxford University Research Archive
    Repositório Institucional da Universidade Católica Portuguesa
    St George's Online Research Archive
    ODA Open Digital Archive (Oslomet)
    ScholarBank@NUS
    Huddersfield Research Portal

    Anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2018

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    Anemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic productivity and increased mortality worldwide. Here we map annual 2000–2018 geospatial estimates of anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age (15–49 years) across 82 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), stratify anemia by severity and aggregate results to policy-relevant administrative and national levels. Additionally, we provide subnational disparity analyses to provide a comprehensive overview of anemia prevalence inequalities within these countries and predict progress toward the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) to reduce anemia by half by 2030. Our results demonstrate widespread moderate improvements in overall anemia prevalence but identify only three LMICs with a high probability of achieving the WHO GNT by 2030 at a national scale, and no LMIC is expected to achieve the target in all their subnational administrative units. Our maps show where large within-country disparities occur, as well as areas likely to fall short of the WHO GNT, offering precision public health tools so that adequate resource allocation and subsequent interventions can be targeted to the most vulnerable populations
    University of Groningen
    ResearchOnline at James Cook University
    University of Canberra Research Repository
    UNSWorks
    Digitala Vetenskapliga Arkivet - Academic Archive On-line
    Kristiania Open Archive
    NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives
    Online Research Database In Technology
    Repository of Research and Investigative Information Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
    UDORA - University of Derby Online Research Archive
    The Francis Crick Institute
    LSHTM Research Online
    Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Pavia
    Publikationer från Uppsala Universitet
    Oxford University Research Archive
    Golestan University of Medical Sciences Repository
    Repositório Aberto da Universidade do Porto
    University of Melbourne Institutional Repository
    Huddersfield Research Portal
    Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive
    DukeSpace (Duke Univ.)
    AUT Research Repository (Auckland Univ. of Technology)
    Spiral - Imperial College Digital Repository
    Coventry University Pure Portal
    Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto
    Sussex Research Online
    ResearchOnline@JCU
    Nottingham Trent Institutional Repository (IRep)
    OPUS - University of Technology Sydney
    shahrekord university of medical scinces
    eScholarship - University of California
    ODA Open Digital Archive (Oslomet)
    Leicester Research Archive
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    a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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    Funding: J A Loureiro reports support for the present manuscript from Scientific Employment Stimulus (FCT; CEECINST/00049/2018) as support to their salary and from UIDB/00511/2020 of the LEPABE, funded by national funds through the FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) as research support.BACKGROUND: Understanding the magnitude of cancer burden attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors is crucial for development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies. We analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to inform cancer control planning efforts globally. METHODS: The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate cancer burden attributable to behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risk factors. A total of 82 risk-outcome pairs were included on the basis of the World Cancer Research Fund criteria. Estimated cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and change in these measures between 2010 and 2019 are presented. FINDINGS: Globally, in 2019, the risk factors included in this analysis accounted for 4·45 million (95% uncertainty interval 4·01-4·94) deaths and 105 million (95·0-116) DALYs for both sexes combined, representing 44·4% (41·3-48·4) of all cancer deaths and 42·0% (39·1-45·6) of all DALYs. There were 2·88 million (2·60-3·18) risk-attributable cancer deaths in males (50·6% [47·8-54·1] of all male cancer deaths) and 1·58 million (1·36-1·84) risk-attributable cancer deaths in females (36·3% [32·5-41·3] of all female cancer deaths). The leading risk factors at the most detailed level globally for risk-attributable cancer deaths and DALYs in 2019 for both sexes combined were smoking, followed by alcohol use and high BMI. Risk-attributable cancer burden varied by world region and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), with smoking, unsafe sex, and alcohol use being the three leading risk factors for risk-attributable cancer DALYs in low SDI locations in 2019, whereas DALYs in high SDI locations mirrored the top three global risk factor rankings. From 2010 to 2019, global risk-attributable cancer deaths increased by 20·4% (12·6-28·4) and DALYs by 16·8% (8·8-25·0), with the greatest percentage increase in metabolic risks (34·7% [27·9-42·8] and 33·3% [25·8-42·0]). INTERPRETATION: The leading risk factors contributing to global cancer burden in 2019 were behavioural, whereas metabolic risk factors saw the largest increases between 2010 and 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors would decrease cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide, and policies should be tailored appropriately to local cancer risk factor burden. FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.publishersversionpublishe
    Central Archive at the University of Reading
    Qatar University Institutional Repository
    Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile: Repositorio UC
    AIR Universita degli studi di Milano
    Repositório da Universidade Nova de Lisboa
    shahrekord university of medical scinces
    UNSWorks
    Spiral - Imperial College Digital Repository
    ResearchSpace@Auckland
    Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto
    HKU Scholars Hub

    Mapping inequalities in exclusive breastfeeding in low- and middle-income countries, 2000–2018

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    Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF)—giving infants only breast-milk for the first 6 months of life—is a component of optimal breastfeeding practices effective in preventing child morbidity and mortality. EBF practices are known to vary by population and comparable subnational estimates of prevalence and progress across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are required for planning policy and interventions. Here we present a geospatial analysis of EBF prevalence estimates from 2000 to 2018 across 94 LMICs mapped to policy-relevant administrative units (for example, districts), quantify subnational inequalities and their changes over time, and estimate probabilities of meeting the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) of ≥70% EBF prevalence by 2030. While six LMICs are projected to meet the WHO GNT of ≥70% EBF prevalence at a national scale, only three are predicted to meet the target in all their district-level units by 2030.</p
    ResearchOnline at James Cook University
    Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive
    DukeSpace (Duke Univ.)
    Spiral - Imperial College Digital Repository
    Coventry University Pure Portal
    KAUST Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)
    Sussex Research Online
    Repository of Research and Investigative Information Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
    ResearchOnline@JCU
    City Research Online
    LSHTM Research Online
    Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi di Pavia
    Adelaide Research & Scholarship
    OPUS - University of Technology Sydney
    shahrekord university of medical scinces
    University of Melbourne Institutional Repository

    Mapping inequalities in exclusive breastfeeding in low- and middle-income countries, 2000–2018

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    AbstractExclusive breastfeeding (EBF)—giving infants only breast-milk for the first 6 months of life—is a component of optimal breastfeeding practices effective in preventing child morbidity and mortality. EBF practices are known to vary by population and comparable subnational estimates of prevalence and progress across low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are required for planning policy and interventions. Here we present a geospatial analysis of EBF prevalence estimates from 2000 to 2018 across 94 LMICs mapped to policy-relevant administrative units (for example, districts), quantify subnational inequalities and their changes over time, and estimate probabilities of meeting the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) of ≥70% EBF prevalence by 2030. While six LMICs are projected to meet the WHO GNT of ≥70% EBF prevalence at a national scale, only three are predicted to meet the target in all their district-level units by 2030
    DRO Deakin Research Online

    The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010–19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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    The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010–19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 201
    DRO Deakin Research Online
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