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Pollen and Foraminifera Approaches to Identify Sediment Sources In The River Mouth Mahakam East Kalimantan
Get PDFThe central role of Mahakam River in the construction of Mahakam Delta is to supply sediment from terrestrial to the river mouth. The river upstream comes from Mount Camaru and the downstream part terminate at Makasar Strait. The surrounding area of the river is overgrown by wet tropical flora that produces pollen. The existence pollen in river sediments as an indicator that sediment came from terrestrial, and foraminifera as an indicator that sediment came from marine. The ratio changes of pollen to foraminifera show that there were differences of sediment source supply. The study was conducted at the river mouth. A shallow core, 200 cm depth, composed of sand and mud and sandy mud, from it taken vertically 11 samples to be analyzed pollen and foraminifera. Sample preparation was using standard methods acetolysis. Meanwhile, sample preparation of foraminifera using Hydrogen Peroxide method. Pollen found at all samples, but foraminifera only found in 8 samples. The data indicating that sedimentation process in the mouth of a river not only gets sediment supplies from terrestrial but also from marine. The quantity of pollen and foraminifera varies vertically. The frequency of pollen much higher than foraminifera that indicates of source sediments dominance came from terrestrial which carried by Mahakam river current. Sonneratia caseolaris pollen continuously found in all samples. Stictogongylus vandiemensis is species foraminifera the most common that followed by Ramulina confossa, both of them come from the sea particularly from the shallow sea
Pollen and Foraminifera Approaches to Identify Sediment Sources In The River Mouth Mahakam East Kalimantan
No full textThe central role of Mahakam River in the construction of Mahakam Delta is to supply sediment from terrestrial to the river mouth. The river upstream comes from Mount Camaru and the downstream part terminate at Makasar Strait. The surrounding area of the river is overgrown by wet tropical flora that produces pollen. The existence pollen in river sediments as an indicator that sediment came from terrestrial, and foraminifera as an indicator that sediment came from marine. The ratio changes of pollen to foraminifera show that there were differences of sediment source supply. The study was conducted at the river mouth. A shallow core, 200 cm depth, composed of sand and mud and sandy mud, from it taken vertically 11 samples to be analyzed pollen and foraminifera. Sample preparation was using standard methods acetolysis. Meanwhile, sample preparation of foraminifera using Hydrogen Peroxide method. Pollen found at all samples, but foraminifera only found in 8 samples. The data indicating that sedimentation process in the mouth of a river not only gets sediment supplies from terrestrial but also from marine. The quantity of pollen and foraminifera varies vertically. The frequency of pollen much higher than foraminifera that indicates of source sediments dominance came from terrestrial which carried by Mahakam river current. Sonneratia caseolaris pollen continuously found in all samples. Stictogongylus vandiemensis is species foraminifera the most common that followed by Ramulina confossa, both of them come from the sea particularly from the shallow sea. </jats:p
Palynostratigraphy Subang, Kaliwangu, And Citalang Formation, From Cikandung River Passage, Sumedang Regency, West Java
Get PDFThe Subang, Kaliwangu, and Citalang Formation which are important parts of the Bogor Basin have not been studied, especially from the palynostratigraphic aspect. Therefore, this study aims to conduct palynostratigraphic study of these three formations that are well exposed in the Cikandung River area, Sumedang Regency, West Java. Method used in this research is divided into several stages including sampling by spot sampling; preparation of palynomorphs and palynodebris by hydrogen peroxide and acid methods; identification of samples using CX-22 microscope; analysis and interpretation of data using basic research statistics. Result, the research area was divided into three groups. The first group (sample W.9 – W.10) correlates with the Subang Formation which has predominantly claystone lithology with Middle Miocene age and shallow marine environment. This group is in proximal basin position with dysoxic conditions. The second group (sample W.5 – W.8) correlates with the Kaliwangu Formation which has alternating lithology between sandstone and claystone with younger age than the Middle Miocene and transitional environment. This group is in proximal basin position with dysoxic-anoxic conditions. The third group (sample W.1 – W.4) correlates with the Citalang Formation which has sandstone and conglomerate lithology with younger age than the Middle Miocene (Kaliwangu Formation) and terrestrial environment. This group is in proximal basin position and anoxic conditions. In general, when viewed from palynodebris, the presence of plant material (palynomorph, cuticle, and wood) is negatively correlated with AOM and other rock fragments. On the other hand, in terms of palynomorphs, the presence of foraminifera lining test has negative correlation with other terrestrial palynomorphs, especially those of the Florschuetzia species
The Significance Relationship between Palynomorph Fossil Preservation and Grain Size in Rock: Case Study of Walat and Batuasih Formations, Sukabumi, West Java
Get PDFPalynomorph is dust-sized material that is resistant to acids and can be preserved as fossils in sedimentary rocks. Fossil content in rocks is very diverse which is influenced by various factors, one of this factors is the texture of rock in form of grain size. The Walat and Batuasih Formations are sedimentary rock formations that have variety of grain sizes. This research aims to examine relationship or correlation between grain size and palynomorph preservation in rocks with case studies in the Walat and Batuasih Formations. 42 samples were taken from measured stratigraphic section and analyzed both grain size and palynomorph content. Statistical analysis with Normality Test using Shapiro Wilk and Liliefors; Homogeneity Test using Levene Test; and Non-Parametric Associative Test using Spearman Rank was conducted to see the relationship of these variables. Result, the Walat and Batuasih Formations have conglomerate, sandstone, mudstone and coal lithologies with quite variety of palynomorphs. Statistical results show that all variables have data that are not normally distributed with tendency to be non-homogeneous. Moreover, it was found that the grain size of rock had significant effect on the preservation of palynomorphs in the rock. Clay grains has positive correlation of 0.613 and sand grains has negative correlation of -0.653. This shows that the finer the grain size, the more effective the preservation of palynomorphs is
Paleoenvironment of the Miocene Lemau Formation Based on the Palynology Analysis in Seluma, Bengkulu
Get PDFThe Lemau Formation is a rock formation that forms the Bengkulu Basin in the Bengkulu Strip. The rocks in this formation contain hydrocarbon reserves in the form of coal. There has yet to be any research on the palynomorphs in the coal-bearing rocks in this formation. Palynomorph analysis was performed on nine samples from the P.T. Bara Indah Lestari, Seluma. The study aims to reconstruct the paleoenvironment and age of the coal-bearing rocks. The sampling technique uses stratigraphic measurements and hydrogen peroxide preparation. There were four changes in the depositional environment, namely the deposition of BIL 10-BIL 11 in the form of a freshwater peat swamp environment and BIL 12 in the form of a mangrove environment in the Early Miocene marked by the presence of Florschuetzia levipoli. The environment changed to a lagoon, indicated by the presence of foraminifera lining test and dinocyst in the deposition of BIL 13-BIL 15 samples in the Middle Miocene with a marked presence of Alnipollenites verus. The environment changed again during the deposition of BIL 16-BIL 18 to become a mangrove environment in the Middle Miocene. Overall, the paleoenvironment of the Lemau Formation is a freshwater peat swamp to a lagoon. Environmental changes are possible due to tectonic activity and climate change
Paleoenvironment of Tanjung Formation Barito Basin- Central Kalimantan Based on palynological data
No full textThe research area is located in the Muara Teweh, North Barito, Central Kalimantan. The cocking coal deposits are well known as they were produced from this area. Upper part of Tanjung Formation is target coal production. The study objectives are to analyze paleoenvironment and to determine the relative age of coal deposits based on palynological data. Preparing palinological analysis used standard procedure by hydrofluoric acid method.Palynomorphs data grouped into six types of ecology, and the sequence is as follows ; fresh water and lowland (41,75 %), brackish water swamp (30,10%), Peat and freshwater swamp (17,96%), marine element (7,77 %), back mangrove (1,46%) and upland element (0,97). Palmae pollen is very dominant, especially from freshwater and peat swamp that grow around coastal area i.e. Dicolcopollis, Proxapertites cursus, Proxapertites operculatus, Longapertites and Palmaepollenites kutchensis. Although marine fossil found, but the frequency less than one percent, that was the evidence of influence sea water to swamp area. The palynomorphs indicate the coal sedimented at upper delta plain. Fossil index of relative age consist of Proxapertites cursus, Proxapertites operculatus, Magnastriatites howardi Verrucatosporites usmensis, Retistephanocolpites , and Ixonantes type which refer to Late Eocene.</jats:p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pemodelan Kondisi Lingkungan Sag pond Sesar Lembang, Berdasarkan Analisis Kandungan Alga, Lembang, Jawa Barat
Get PDFAbstrakAlga merupakan mikroorganisme fotosintesis yang tidak memiliki tubuh sejati dengan distribusi lingkungan yang sangat luas dan memiliki banyak fungsi, salah satunya sebagai indikator perubahan lingkungan. Wilayah Cekungan Bandung telah dilakukan penelitian dari beberapa aspek. Akan tetapi, penelitian terutama dari aspek alga yang memperlihatkan perubahan lingkungan belum dilakukan pada daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat bagaimana perubahan lingkungan dari endapan sag pond bekas Danau Bandung pada wilayah Cekungan Bandung menggunakan keberagaman alga dan ukuran butir sedimen. Metode asam dilakukan untuk memisahkan alga dari endapan, serta deskripsi batuan dilakukan untuk melihat ukuran butir endapan pada lokasi penelitian. Analisis data dan pemodelan dilakukan dengan mengelompokkan alga sesuai dengan kondisi habitatnya yang terbagi menjadi kelompok Pinnularia, Euglena, Acrinastrum dan Dinobryon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lokasi penelitian mengalami empat kali perubahan lingkungan yang dibagi kedalam zona-zona dan subzona. Setiap zona tersebut diawali dengan kondisi air tercemar yang ditandai oleh peningkatan kelompok Euglena dan ukuran butir halus dari sedimen. Sedangkan pada bagian akhir, perairan memperlihatkan kondisi air normal yang ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan kelompok Pinnularia dan ukuran butir sedimen yang menjadi lebih kasar.AbstractAlgae is known as a photosynthetic microorganism that don’t have a true body with very broad distributions of the environment. Algae have a lot of functions, one of which is an indicator of environmental change. The Bandung Basin area has been researched from several aspects. However, research especially from the algae aspect that shows environmental changes, has not been carried out in this area. This research was conducted to see how the environmental changes of Lake Bandung sag pond deposits in the Bandung Basin by using algae diversity and grain size deposits. The acetolysis method is carried out to see algae content in the sediment, and rock description is carried out to see the grain size of the sediment in the study area. Furthermore, data analysis and modeling were conducted by grouping algae according to environmental conditions which are divided into Pinnularia group, Euglena group, and other groups. The result showed that the study area occurred four times in environmental changes which were divided into zones and subzones. Each zone initially had polluted water conditions characterized by an increase in Euglena groups and the fine grain size of sediment. While in the end, the waters showed normal water conditions characterized by an increase in Pinnularia group and the grain size of the sediment became coarser
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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