67,555 research outputs found
Evidence for the decay B0→J/ψω and measurement of the relative branching fractions of meson decays to J/ψη and J/ψη′
No full textFirst evidence of the B 0 → J / ψ ω decay is found and the B s 0 → J / ψ η and B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ decays are studied using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb -1 collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The branching fractions of these decays are measured relative to that of the B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0 decay:frac(B (B 0 → J / ψ ω), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 0.89 ± 0.19 (stat) - 0.13 + 0.07 (syst),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 14.0 ± 1.2 (stat) - 1.5 + 1.1 (syst) - 1.0 + 1.1 (frac(f d, f s)),frac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B 0 → J / ψ ρ 0)) = 12.7 ± 1.1 (stat) - 1.3 + 0.5 (syst) - 0.9 + 1.0 (frac(f d, f s)), where the last uncertainty is due to the knowledge of f d / f s, the ratio of b-quark hadronization factors that accounts for the different production rate of B 0 and B s 0 mesons. The ratio of the branching fractions of B s 0 → J / ψ η ′ and B s 0 → J / ψ η decays is measured to befrac(B (B s 0 → J / ψ η ′), B (B s 0 → J / ψ η)) = 0.90 ± 0.09 (stat) - 0.02 + 0.06 (syst)
Letter from Carl Hayden to M. J. Riordan
No full textLetter from Carl Hayden to M. J. Riordan expressing his support for Coconino County in turning over the Bright Angel Trail to the federal government
Letter from M. J. Riordan, Arizona Lumber and Timber Company, to Carl Hayden
No full textLetter from M. J. Riordan to Carl Hayden expressing his opposition to the federal government's takeover of Bright Angel Trail
Studies of targeted therapy in breast cancer using trastuzumab : HER2 testing and trastuzumab treatment, clinical and economic evaluation
No full textThe incidence in breast cancer has more than tripled in Sweden since the 1960-ies. During the same time period the 5-year survival rate has increase from around 65% to almost 90%. The survival increase is mainly related to medical treatments (endocrine treatments, chemotherapy in different combinations), radiotherapy and breast cancer screening. Two thirds of costs for breast cancer are not related to these therapies, but to costs outside of the health care system (e.g. early retirement and premature death).Continued improvements in therapies would therefore be of great gain for the outcome and overall cost of breast cancer. One of these improvements has been the discovery of the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) in the nineteen eighties and the development of the monoclonal antibody directed against HER2 (trastuzumab) in the nineteen nineties. Trastuzumab is registered for treatment of HER2 positive early and metastatic breast cancer. HER2 diagnosis and trastuzumab treatment are dependent on each other, as diagnosis is meaningless without the treatment and treatment is meaningless without diagnosis. This relationship is usually called co-dependent technologies.The aim of this thesis was to determine how a targeted patient population is optimally managed in terms of co-dependent technologies.The results demonstrate that HER2 testing is not optimally carried out in all situations. In 151 patients we found a 10% change in HER2 status between primary tumours and relapses (19% from HER2+ to HER2– and 6% from HER2– to HER2+). Patients with a change in HER2 status had a significant 5.47 (95% CI 2.01–14.91) increased risk of dying compared to patient with stable positive HER2 status (86% of these patients received trastuzumab treatment). In another study, there was a 32% change in 459 patients in Oestrogen Receptor (ER) status (ER+ to ER- 24.6% ER– to ER+ 7.8%). Also ER change is related to worse prognosis and patients with ER negative systemic relapses had a significant twofold (95% CI 1.39-2.87) increased risk of dying compared to patients with ER positive relapses. This shows that it is clinically relevant to re-test relapses for tumour marker status, and changes may offer additional treatment options.To be able to follow-up and monitor usage and outcome in clinical practice (clinical effectiveness as opposed to use in clinical trials: clinical efficacy) treatment with trastuzumab should be used according to guidelines, although we found large differences in usage between Health Care Regions (HCRs) in Sweden (years 2000-2004 300% difference between North HCR and South HCR, years 2006-2008 40% difference between Stockholm-Gotland and South-East and West HCRs). Another important aspect is that re-testing of HER2 status before trastuzumab treatment in the metastatic setting is cost-effective (USD 56,000 -USD 67,000 per Quality Adjusted Life Year and USD 39,000 – USD 46,000) and should therefore always be done.Diagnosis of HER2 status and treatment with trastuzumab is a challenge and this thesis points to the complexity of co-dependent technologies. The knowledge created could be used for the introduction of future co-dependent technologies in order to gain the most benefit, both to patients and to society.List of scientific papersI. HER2 status in a population derived breast cancer cohort – discordances during tumour progression. Wilking, U. Karlsson, E. Skoog, L. Hatschek, T. Lidbrink, E. Elmberger, G. Johansson, H. Lindstrom, L. Bergh, J. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2011, 125(2): 553-561. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-010-1029-2 II. Clinically used breast cancer markers are instable throughout tumor progression. Lindström LS, Karlsson E, Wilking U, Johansson U, Lidbrink E, Hatschek T, Skoog L, Bergh J. [Submitted]III. Trastuzumab use in Breast Cancer (BC) patients in the six Health Care Regions in Sweden. Wilking, U. Jonsson, B. Wilking, N. Bergh, J. Acta Oncol. 2010, 49(6): 844-850. https://doi.org/10.3109/0284186X.2010.492790 IV. Cost-effectiveness of Re-Testing HER2 Status in Metastatic Breast Cancer patients before offering trastuzumab treatment. Bernow M. and Wilking U., Jönsson B., Wilking N., Bergh J. [Manuscript]</p
Measurement of the time-dependent CP asymmetry in B0 -> J/ψ KS0 decays
No full textThis Letter reports a measurement of the CP violation observables SJ/ψK0S and CJ/ψK0S in the decay channel B0→J/ψK0S performed with 1.0 fb−1 of pp collisions at s√=7 TeV collected by the LHCb experiment. The fit to the data yields SJ/ψK0S=0.73±0.07(stat)±0.04(syst) and CJ/ψK0S=0.03±0.09(stat)±0.01(syst). Both values are consistent with the current world averages and within
expectations from the Standard Model
Author Correction: Establishment and equilibrium levels of deleterious mutations in large populations (Scientific Reports, (2019), 9, 1, (10384), 10.1038/s41598-019-46803-7)
No full textThe original version of this Article contained errors. Affiliations 1 and 2 were reversed. Secondly, Affiliation 7 was incorrectly given as ‘Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology, and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0084, South Africa’. Thirdly, an affiliation was omitted for the author Michael S. Pepper, which is now listed as Affiliation 8. Fourthly, Affiliation 1 was omitted for the author Johan W. Viljoen. Finally, Augustinus J. van Zyl was incorrectly affiliated with ‘Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS ‘Burlo Garofolo’, Trieste, Italy.’ The correct author affiliations are listed below: Affiliation 1: Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, EBIT, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa Johan W. Viljoen and J. Pieter de Villiers Affiliation 2: Development, Research and Technology Department, Hensoldt Optronics, Centu..
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