712 research outputs found
A semiotic analysis of the short stories of Leonid Andreyev, 1900-1909
No full textThis thesis applies the techniques of semiotic analysis to a selection of short stories by Leonid Andreyev in an attempt to offer one answer to the problems of categorising Andreyev's unique art and placing it within a literary-evolutionary perspective. The semiotic method was chosen because of its ability both to assimilate literary texts to the supra-individual processes with which it works, and at the same time to delineate an author's particular contribution to these processes. Drawing on a range of literary theory from early Russian Formalism onwards, the study proceeds from one level to another according to a principle of "degree of abstraction", so that each level constitutes firstly an independent account of Andreyev's texts in itself, and secondly one stage in an overall analysis. The analysis at each level pinpoints, in its own terms, a series of semiotic tensions or clashes as being at the heart of Andreyev's literary system. Conflict within his stories between the principles of poetry and prose, metaphor and metonymy, 'discourse' and 'story' and between codes of allegory and codes of reference are among the major tensions highlighted. These tensions are in turn used to account for the fantastic element in Andreyev's stories (tension and ambiguity being the key features of Fantastic literature as defined by many literary theoreticians).The unique, Andreyevan version of the Fantastic is viewed as an index of Andreyev's position in literary evolution at a point of transition between an older, authoritative, transitive mode of narration and a more recent, non-authoritative mode which has come to dominate much twentieth-century literature. The final reference-point for all these tensions is demonstrated to be a shift in modern culture as a whole towards a more impersonal. Mythic thought-system, a shift at the centre of which the art of Leonid Andreyev can be convincingly placed. The material drawn upon includes, in addition to the corpus of Andreyev stories specified, a wide range of works by Andreyev's contemporaries and also the hitherto unexploited draft-manuscripts to a number of Andreyev stories held in the Hoover Institution, U.S.A.A Glossary of the most commonly used theoretical terms is provided at the end of the study
Interweaved Nickel Phosphide Sponge as an Electrode for Flexible Supercapattery and Water Splitting Applications
No full textA unique multifunctional electrode made of well-defined highly crystalline Ni-P nanoparticles interweaved apiece to form sponge-like structure prepared by the single-step hydrothermal method. The distinct phases of interlinked nanospherical Ni-P compounds (Ni 2 P, Ni 2 P/Ni 12 P 5 , and Ni 12 P 5 ) were obtained at 140 °C with different reaction time periods. The Ni 2 P exhibits supreme specific capacity of 206 mA h g -1 (1354 F g -1 ) at 5 mA cm -2 , which seems to be the highest among the Ni 2 P reported so far. Biomass-derived activated carbon was prepared as a negative electrode (135 F g -1 at 1 mA cm -2 ) to fabricate a flexible supercapattery gadget, which delivered remarkable energy density and power density of 42 W h kg -1 and 2856 W kg -1 respectively, at 3 mA cm -2 even after 10000 cycles. The Ni-P coated carbon cloth has shown immense mechanical strength and durability, which was tempting to use for electrocatalytic application. Both oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction trials resulted in the evolution of an enormous amount of gas bubbles with low overpotentials of 278 and 234 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm -2 , respectively. Hence, the dominant Ni-P electrodes were made multifunctional by demonstrating its potential application for efficient appliances. Copyright © 2018 American Chemical Society.1
LEONID ANDREYEV’S OEUVRE THROUGH BRUSOVIAN LENS
No full textThe paper deals with V. Brusov’s reviews of the works by Leonid Andreyev in the magazine «Vesy» (The Balance). The author mentions some peculiarities of L. Andreev’s stories positively reviewed by V. Brusov, as well as his remarks concerning the writer’s experiences in drama
Reflecting on Fiction: Leonid Leonov
No full textAbstract
This chapter examines the metafictional works of Soviet author Leonid Leonov. The River Sot, Leonov's third novel, was one of the earliest Soviet works in the theme of industrialization and it was based on the author's first-hand experience of Soviet construction projects. This novel, together with Leonov's other work The Thief, provided the direction that Soviet literature should take. These novels were both influenced by the October Revolution.</jats:p
The Content and Implementation of Electronic Assist Device of Locomotive Drivers
No full textPaberivaba tehnoloogia peab saabuma iga ettevõttesse ja iga ettevõtlus valib ise kui suures mahus seda kasutada. Samas on fakt, et arvuti oskab arvutada ja arvestada kiiremini kui inimene ning arvuti põhine infosüsteem on kasulik arendus. Pabervaba arendusega ettevõtte on keskkonnasõbralik. Tahvelarvuti kasutamisel vedurijuhi käsiraamatuna ja dokumentide edastamise seadmena: likvideerime suure koguse dokumentatsiooni ja juhendeid paberkandjal ning paigutame neid ühte väiksesse tahvelarvutisse; dokumendid ja juhendid on parem leitavad arvutipõhisel süsteemis kui paberikandjal; juhendid ja korrad on vahetatavad ühe liigutusega arvuti ekraanil; kogu dokumentide ja juhendite olemasolu vedurijuhi käsiraamatus ja nende kehtivust saab jälgida vaid üks töötaja. vedurimeeskonna töö optimeerimine dokumentatsiooni täitmisel ja nendele dokumentatsiooni edastamisel; informatsiooni liikumine muutub operatiivsemaks; digitaalse dokumentatsiooni üle on parem ülevaade ja kontroll. Paigutades infosüsteemi kõik juhendid, saame paberikulu ja printerite kasutamist vähendada. Arvestades juhendite, dokumentide ja käskkirjade mahuga, paberi ja printeri tööga seotud kulud vähenevad kordades. Tahvelarvuti kasutamisel elektroonilise liinilehena saame: vedurimeeskonna töö lihtsustamine liinilehe täitmisel; inimressurssi optimeerimine; veduri liikumise ja vedurimeeskonna tööaja informatsioon muutub operatiivsemaks. Liinilehe täitmise ja peale seda üleandmist infosüsteemi sisestamise vajadus praktiliselt kaob. Peale liinilehe loomise infosüsteemi poolt peab töötaja seda kontrollima ja kinnitama selle õigsust. Töö kirjutamis hetkel liinilehe andmist näevad infosüsteemi kasutajad alles peale selle sisestamist, kuid elektrooniliseks muutmiseks saab seda näha kohe täitumisel. Tahvelarvuti kasutamisel vedurijuhtimise abistavana infosüsteemina: veduri juhtimine muutub lihtsamaks; veduri juhtimine muutub kontrollitavaks; noorte vedurijuhtide hea koolitus; kütuse kulu optimeerimine. Vedurijuhile rongi käitamiseks annab nõu arvuti eelnevalt parimate tulemuste põhjal loodud maketi alusel. Vedurijuht, täites neid juhiseid, saab jälgida nende efektiivsust ja õigsust. Vedurijuhi poolseid soovitusi täitmise kohta saab hoida kontrolli all. Veduri juhtimise soovitustega infosüsteem on hea noorte vedurijuhtide koolitaja. Tavaliselt iga uue süsteemi elluviimine ja iga uuenduse töösse juurutamisel toob kaasa kulu, kuid antud töö tulemusena saab juurutada infosüsteeme lõpptulemusena saades sellest tulu. Töö optimeerimine ja lihtsustamine toob kaasa töötajate suurema tähelepanu teistesse tööülesannetesse. Selle juures riskid ei ole suured ja osaliselt saab neid maandada miinimumini.The author of this thesis presents the research probleem from a large amount of instructions, which are given to the locomotive driver for inspection and also from documentation which the locomotive driver needs to fill out during his work shift. At the moment of writing this thesis, all of the documentation is made by hand or printed on paper. In order to achieve a more environmentally friendly work technology aiming to become paperless, the author develops electronic mock-ups for the operation of tablets and IT-systems. In addition, the author describes the method of transmitting the documentation to locomotive driver without delays and getting prompt feedback. At the same time, with the help of an IT-system, the author develops a possibility to create an application which assists the locomotive driver at his duties. The development includes the integration of existing resources and existing Technologies. As a result of this thesis, a tablet will be installed on a locomotive to which will be gathered different information systems: documentation for the locomotive driver – the driver has access to all necessary documents while working on the locomotive; documentation to be processed by the locomotive driver – an information exchange system created with a server and personal e-mail account to fill necessary documents and/or to receive documents and verify confirmations about receiving them. For formation of electronical work sheet – for making more interactive and operational the existing GPS and information system about train and locomotive data To assist train driving – an information system based on previous train service results to reduce fuel consuption and to control locomotive operations. The thesis examines the potential risks in operating the information system and the healing of these risks. Risks can occur in two varieties, one of which is a technical failure and, secondly, a human factor. Technical failures can be prevented by additional recording method, which can later be found and supplemented in the system. The risk from the human factor is language skills and attention. These risks can be prevented by the translation and verification method
Kondratieff Waves, Technological Modes, and the Theory of Production Revolutions
No full textIn the present article Kondratieff waves theory is considered in comparison with the theory of production revolutions which analyzes the regularities of the major technological breakthroughs in history. Both theories analyze the processes of cyclic nature related to the innovative technological development of the World-System. The mutual comparison of both theories allows the author to make important clarifications in understanding of the long-wave dynamics as a whole, as well as to give relevant explanations of the peculiarities of the unfolding of each of the five waves and their phases, to make forecasts about the sixth wave and the development of technologies of the sixth technological mode. The special attention is paid to the analysis of aspects and limitations of the theory of technological modes, as it is used by many researchers to explain the causes of the long-wave dynamics
„Thought” by Leonid Andreyev thought in the context of Blaise Pascal's „Pensées”
No full textThe article describes Thought by Leonid Andreyev as a kind of contemporary artistic reflection of paradoxes descended from Thoughts by Blaise Pascal. The short story Thought by Leonid Andreyev is examined as a creative orientation of its author to Thoughts by Blaise Pascal. A comparative analysis of both works proves that, beside the antynomic vision of man and the world, Andreyev shares with Pascal a similar usage of notions such as thought, imagination, and abyss. The former, however, simplifies the ideas and views of the prominent philosopher in order to better reach the consciousness of the modern reader
Les tendances politiques des littératures postsoviétiques de l’imaginaire
No full textPolitical trends in post-Soviet science fiction.
The article surveys the main trends in post-soviet science fiction. The author identifies two significant theses binding politicised Russian science fiction within the broader social and ideological context of post-Soviet Russia. these are revisionism and revanchism and the article traces their transformation into populist imperial fiction. The author focuses on the problem of large-scale disappointment in postsoviet society and the representation of this in dystopian writing and “ popadancheskaya” fiction.Fišman Leonid. Les tendances politiques des littératures postsoviétiques de l’imaginaire. In: Revue Russe n°43, 2014. Littérature postsoviétiques de l'imaginaire. pp. 13-29
Leonid Biletskyi as Historian of Ukrainian Literature
No full textУ статті досліджено історико-літературні концепції літературознавчих праць відомого
українського вченого з діаспори Леоніда Білецького. На обширному матеріалі його студій з
українського письменства, написаних здебільшого в еміграції, їх проаналізовано крізь авторську
методологію вивчення ідейно-естетичних явищ національної літератури; виявлено її прикметні
риси, специфічні принципи та погляди на існування й розвиток історико-літературного процесу –
через факти, зміни, художні персоналії тощо. Для дослідження поставленої мети й завдань
використано філологічний, порівняльно-історичний та генетичний методи. Це дало змогу
проаналізувати специфіку поглядів Леоніда Білецького як історика національного письменства,
починаючи від його навчального підручника “Історія української літератури”, що є своєрідною
енциклопедією національної культурно-історичної духовності нашого народу, і завершуючи цілою
низкою “портретових історій” багатьох письменників давнього, нового і новітнього українського
письменства.The paper deals with historical and literary concepts in the works of the Ukrainian scholar from
diaspora Leonid Biletskyi based on the extensive material of his studies on the Ukrainian literature.
Using philological, comparative historical and genetic methods the author of the paper analyzes these
concepts in the light of Biletskyi’s methodology of studying the ideological and aesthetic phenomena
of a national literature that includes revealing characteristic features, specific principles and views
on the existence and development of the literary process. This method allows outlining specificity
of Leonid Biletskyi as a historian of the national literature, noticeable in his textbook “The History of
Ukrainian Literature”, being a kind of encyclopedia of the national cultural and historical spirituality of
Ukrainians, as well as in a series of the ‘portrait stories’ presenting many writers of the old, new and
contemporary literature.
The paper reveals and systematizes historical and literary approaches of the scholar to studying
literary and artistic phenomena, processes and certain works. The literary critic evaluated every
ideological and aesthetic phenomenon of the national literature based on the general literary criteria.
His analysis started from the form (genre, style, stylistics), as, according to the researcher, the form
renders the development of the literary process, in which only the core of the author’s artistic thinking –
a man and his being – remains unchanged. At the same time Leonid Biletskyi grounded his estimation
of the writer’s works and creativity not only on the development of the national literature, but also on
the changes in social consciousness of the time. Thus, as a historian of literature, he managed to
combine in his scholarly thinking the subjectivity and objective development of the literary process.
The historical concepts of Leonid Biletskyi haven’t been studied sufficiently yet. The present paper
offers the first review and systematization of them and aims at revealing the special views of the
emigration scholar on the development of the Ukrainian literature
Пушкинские материалы во Франции
No full textLeonid Shur, Material pertaining to Pushkin in France.
The present article exposes the preliminary conclusions of research carried out by its author in the domain of French "Pushkiniana". The study bears on autographs and lists (copies) of Pushkin's works preserved in French libraries and archives. It deals also with numerous as yet unpublished documents connected with the poet's biography as well as with the destiny of Pushkin's heritage in France, the history of translations of Pushkin's works into French, etc. All those sources are interesting not only from the point of view of research on Pushkin's life and work but also with regard to Russian and French literary relations and Slavic studies in France.Leonid Shur, Matériaux sur Puškin en France.
Cet article présente un bilan préliminaire des recherches effectuées par l'auteur dans le domaine de la « Pouchkiniana ». On y examine les autographes et les listes (copies) des œuvres de Puškin conservées dans les bibliothèques et les archives françaises. L'article traite aussi des nombreux documents inédits liés à la biographie du poète, à la destinée de l'héritage de Puškin en France, à l'histoire de la traduction des œuvres de Puškin en français, etc. Toutes ces sources présentent de l'intérêt tant pour l'étude de la vie et de l'œuvre de Puškin que pour l'histoire des relations littéraires franco-russes et de la slavistique en France.Shur Leonid. Пушкинские материалы во Франции. In: Cahiers du monde russe et soviétique, vol. 32, n°2, Avril-juin 1991. pp. 237-248
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