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    Figure 14 in A non-archaeopterygid avialan theropod from the Late Jurassic of southern Germany

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    Figure 14. Shoulder region and proximal ends of both humeri of Sapeornis (JZT-DB 0047), showing the enlarged and medially inclined facet for the insertion of m. pectoralis (arrows). DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.43789.018Published as part of Rauhut, Oliver Wm, Tischlinger, Helmut & Foth, Christian, 2019, A non-archaeopterygid avialan theropod from the Late Jurassic of southern Germany, pp. 1-38 in eLife 8 (43789) on page 24, DOI: 10.7554/eLife.43789.001, http://zenodo.org/record/323595

    Wing coloration patterns in the Early Jurassic dragonflies as potential indicator of increasing predation pressure from insectivorous reptiles

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    JOUAULT, CORENTIN, TISCHLINGER, HELMUT, HENROTAY, MICHEL, NEL, ANDRÉ (2022): Wing coloration patterns in the Early Jurassic dragonflies as potential indicator of increasing predation pressure from insectivorous reptiles. Palaeoentomology 5 (4): 305-318, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.3, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.

    FIGURE 5 in Wing coloration patterns in the Early Jurassic dragonflies as potential indicator of increasing predation pressure from insectivorous reptiles

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    FIGURE 5. Evolution patterns of pterosaurs vs. wing coloration in Odonata. A, Heterophlebia spp. wing coloration patterns. B, Percentage of aeschnidiid species with colored wing throughout time (?, uncertainties for Triassic period). C, Simplified phylogeny of Pterosauria, showing diversity of insectivorous families during Early Jurassic, period of first known Odonata with colored wings (cladogram after Zhou et al., 2017) (silhouettes from http://phylopic.org/).Published as part of JOUAULT, CORENTIN, TISCHLINGER, HELMUT, HENROTAY, MICHEL & NEL, ANDRÉ, 2022, Wing coloration patterns in the Early Jurassic dragonflies as potential indicator of increasing predation pressure from insectivorous reptiles, pp. 305-318 in Palaeoentomology 5 (4) on page 313, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/733344

    Figure 1 in A non-archaeopterygid avialan theropod from the Late Jurassic of southern Germany

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    Figure 1. Geographic and stratigraphic provenance of the new avialan specimen. (A) Map of the southern Franconian Alb with the palaeogeographic settings indicated and showing the localities of theropod specimens from the Solnhofen Archipelago (modified from Foth and Rauhut, 2017). (B) Stratigraphic position of the new specimen, SNSB-BSPG 2017 I 133, within the 'Solnhofen limestones' and in comparison to known specimens of Archaeopteryx (modified from Rauhut et al., 2012). Figure 1 continued on next pagePublished as part of Rauhut, Oliver Wm, Tischlinger, Helmut & Foth, Christian, 2019, A non-archaeopterygid avialan theropod from the Late Jurassic of southern Germany, pp. 1-38 in eLife 8 (43789) on page 3, DOI: 10.7554/eLife.43789.001, http://zenodo.org/record/323595

    Figure 10 in A non-archaeopterygid avialan theropod from the Late Jurassic of southern Germany

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    Figure 10. Manual phalanges of Alcmonavis poeschli. (A) and (B) Distal ends of metacarpals II and III and proximal phalanges of digits II and III in normal (A) and ultraviolet (B) light. (C) First phalanx of first digit in medial view. (D) Ungual phalanx of digit I in medial view under ultraviolet light. (E) Ungual phalanx of digit II in medial view under ultraviolet light. (F) Ungual phalanx of digit III in lateral view under ultraviolet light. Abbreviations as in Figure 2, and: ft, flexor tubercle; gr, groove; ks, keratinous sheath; lpf, lateropalmar flange; pl, proximal lip. Scale bars are 1 cm. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.43789.012Published as part of Rauhut, Oliver Wm, Tischlinger, Helmut & Foth, Christian, 2019, A non-archaeopterygid avialan theropod from the Late Jurassic of southern Germany, pp. 1-38 in eLife 8 (43789) on page 16, DOI: 10.7554/eLife.43789.001, http://zenodo.org/record/323595

    Figure 7 in A non-archaeopterygid avialan theropod from the Late Jurassic of southern Germany

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    Figure 7. Radius of Alcmonavis poeschli. (A) Proximal end as exposed in medial view. (B) Proximal end in oblique posteromedial view. (C) mid-shaft in medial view. Abbreviations: fu, longitudinal furrow; tbr, tuberculum bicipitale radii. Scale bars are 5 mm. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.43789.009Published as part of Rauhut, Oliver Wm, Tischlinger, Helmut & Foth, Christian, 2019, A non-archaeopterygid avialan theropod from the Late Jurassic of southern Germany, pp. 1-38 in eLife 8 (43789) on page 11, DOI: 10.7554/eLife.43789.001, http://zenodo.org/record/323595

    Heterophlebia buckmani

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    Heterophlebia buckmani (Brodie, 1849) Form ‘A’ Material. Specimen HT 88/58, stored at collection Helmut Tischlinger, Stammham, Germany. Description. A complete forewing, 32.5 mm long, 8.9 mm wide, with venation identical to those of the other specimens attributed to Heterophlebia buckmani (see Nel et al., 1993). Wing membrane hyaline except for a large elongate and distally rounded area in costal half, between discoidal cell and pterostigma. Locality and horizon. Sulzkirchen/Kerkhofen, Franconian Alb, Southern Germany; ‘Laibstein beds’ of the lower Toarcian (upper Liassic) Posidonienschiefer Formation. Form ‘B’ Material. Specimen HT 88/57, stored at collection Helmut Tischlinger, Stammham, Germany; specimen MNHN. FA71358 (BTDK2, coll. Michel Henrotay), stored at the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France. Locality and horizon. Sulzkirchen/Kerkhofen, FranconianAlb,Southern Germany;lower Toarcian(upper Liassic); Bascharage, Grand-Duché-du-Luxembourg ‘Laibstein beds’ of the lower Toarcian (upper Liassic) Posidonienschiefer Formation. Description. Complete forewings, HT 88/57 is 34.5 mm long and 9.1 mm wide; MNHN.F-A71358 is 33.0 mm long and 8.8 mm wide (slightly smaller); venation identical to those of the other specimens attributed to Heterophlebia buckmani. Wing membrane hyaline except for a rounded area in costal half, extending along costal margin in between the zone situated two cells distad nodus and base of pterostigma.Published as part of JOUAULT, CORENTIN, TISCHLINGER, HELMUT, HENROTAY, MICHEL & NEL, ANDRÉ, 2022, Wing coloration patterns in the Early Jurassic dragonflies as potential indicator of increasing predation pressure from insectivorous reptiles, pp. 305-318 in Palaeoentomology 5 (4) on page 307, DOI: 10.11646/palaeoentomology.5.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/733344

    A new pterodactyloid pterosaur with a unique filter‑feeding apparatus from the Late Jurassic of Germany

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    A new long-legged, spatula-beaked, filter-feeding pterodactyloid pterosaur from Upper Jurassic plattenkalk limestones at Wattendorf, Bavaria, Southern Germany, is remarkable for its completeness, unusual dentition and hints of the preservation of soft tissues, including wing membranes. The fully articulated specimen displays both jaws each side with over one hundred sub-parallel-sided teeth with a small, slightly hooked expansion at the crown tip. There are at least 480 teeth in total. The tip of the rostrum widens to a spatula-like, laterally concave structure with teeth only along its lateral margins. The straight anterior margin is devoid of teeth allowing plankton-rich water to stream in, while the teeth interdigitate forming a fine mesh trap. A slightly up swept rostrum assisted filtering by probable pulsating movements of the long neck, while wading or swimming through shallow water

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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