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Les frontières étatiques face aux dynamiques contestataires. Identités, territoires, pratiques et discours
No full textThis issue aims to study the contestation of borders not only through the lens of political power, but by prioritizing the analysis of the logics and strategies of non-state actors, their discourses and claims, and their modes of organization and mobilization. Rather than focusing on macro-level analyses, this issue seeks to question the logics and dynamics that underpin these contestations from a more micro-level perspective. The temporal framework considered covers the long nineteenth, twentieth, and twenty-first centuries.ce numéro cherchera à étudier la contestation des frontières non seulement à travers le prisme du pouvoir politique mais en privilégiant l’analyse des logiques et des stratégies des acteurs non-étatiques, de leurs discours et revendications, des modalités d’organisation et de mobilisation. L’ambition de ce numéro consiste moins à centrer les analyses d’un point de vue macro qu'à s'interroger sur les logiques et les dynamiques qui traversent ces contestations, à partir d’une perspective plutôt micro. Le cadre temporel envisagé correspond à la longue durée des XIXème, XXème et XXIème siècles
The Healing Empire: Aromatic Oils, Unguents, and the Reception of Solomon in Byzantium: Aromatic Oils, Unguents, and the Reception of Solomon in Byzantium
No full textInternational audienc
: The Unspoken at Work in Selected Literary Testimonies from Fukushima
No full textInternational audienc
Salinity Transition in the Ostia Lagoon During the Roman Period: Assessing the Feasibility of Salt Exploitation
No full textInternational audienceThis study examines long‐term salinity changes in the Ostia Lagoon between the 4th century cal BC and the 6th century cal AD , with emphasis on their implications for ancient salt production. Although Ostia's foundation is closely linked to the control of salt resources in the Tiber Delta, direct archaeological evidence of Roman‐period saltworks is scarce. To address this gap, this study combines micropalaeontological analysis of ostracod assemblages with a morphometric study of sieve pore features in Cyprideis torosa (Jones, 1850). This approach enables reconstruction of short‐term palaeosalinity dynamics. Core LOA–1 documents a transition from peatland to euryhaline lagoon between the 8th–6th and the 4th–3rd centuries cal BC , followed by repeated high‐salinity episodes. A notable peak coincides with the establishment of the Roman Castrum, suggesting favourable conditions for salt concentration. After the mid‐4th century cal BC , salinity peaks decreased, possibly reducing the lagoon's potential for saltworks and fostering greater reliance on the Maccarese saltworks. In the northern lagoon sector, hyperhaline conditions during the Roman period remain uncertain because of chronological gaps and the lack of sieve pore analysis. Overall, the results demonstrate both the potential and limitations of ostracod analysis as a palaeosalinity proxy and refine understanding of salt exploitation in the Tiber Delta. This study provides valuable insights into the long‐term socio‐environmental dynamics of the Mediterranean coastal wetlands, contributing to the advancement of geoarchaeological research on ancient salt production through salterns and its influence on human settlement patterns and economic practices
The role of biomolecules produced by invasive macrophytes in lake ecosystem processes
No full textEgeria densa and Lagarosiphon major are the main invasive hydrophytes in French Atlantic Lakes. These exotic species can modify trophic levels by producing large quantities of biomass in lakes; previous investigations revealed the occurrence of endogenous metabolites in these plants known to be able to affect epiphytic communities, phytoplankton, or other plants, through allelopathic activity. Nevertheless, the actual excretion and environmental occurrence of these metabolites remain poorly documented. In order to gain knowledge of the concrete occurrence and potential ecological impact of E. densa and L. major exometabolome, untargetedmetabolomics using high-resolution mass spectrometer and chemometrics approaches is relevant through its ability to depict, as a first step, the exometabolome chemical landscape
Neurological and psychiatric issues in 187 adults with early-treated PKU: The ECOPHEN study
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the PAH gene leading to phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency. This results in the accumulation of phenylalanine (Phe) in blood and brain, causing neurological and psychiatric impairments if untreated. Newborn screening (NBS) introduced in the 1960s enables early PKU diagnosis, allowing prompt dietary or sapropterin treatment. The long-term outcomes in adults with early-treated PKU, however, may include subtle neurocognitive deficits alongside somatic neurological and psychiatric complications, which remain incompletely characterized. Patients and methods: The ECOPHEN study was a French 5-year multicenter prospective cohort assessing neuropsychiatric disorders in adults with early-treated PKU. Results: Here are presented the data at inclusion. The study recruited 187 patients who were classified by PKU severity-classic, mild, or mild persistent hyperphenylalaninemia-and diet adherence status. Neurological history revealed symptoms in 11.2 % of patients, exclusively in classic PKU, including tremor, migraines, and balance disorders, without significant differences between diet groups. Neurological examination abnormalities predominantly included abnormal deep tendon reflexes in classic PKU patients. Psychiatric issues affected 25.7 % of patients across severity groups, mainly depressive episodes and anxiety, with no clear influence of diet adherence. Discussion/conclusion: The present study highlights neurological complications persisting despite early treatment, particularly in classic PKU. Diet adherence and current plasma Phe levels did not correlate significantly with neurological or psychiatric outcomes, possibly due to suboptimal metabolic control. Limitations included the cross-sectional design, absence of control group, and retrospective data collection. Overall, adults with early-treated PKU show a generally favorable outcome but remain at risk for neuropsychiatric manifestations, supporting the need for lifelong follow-up including neurologic and psychiatric evaluation
Civilisation mésopotamienne: [résumé des cours et travaux : 2021-2022]
No full textInternational audienc
Mid-Holocene wet optimum and Early-Late Holocene arid phases shaped steppe-forest vegetation and human societies of Uzbekistan: Multi-proxy evidences from Lake Fazilman
No full textInternational audienc
Reconstructing the freshwater paleoecosystems diversity of Toros-Menalla (Late Miocene, Chad) from an integrated faunal perspective
No full textAquatic environments are critical components of past ecosystems that shaped species distribution and survival. Yet in hominin-bearing fossil sites, they are often treated as uniform or poorly detailed elements of “mosaic” landscapes, failing to capture their ecological complexity. In the northern Chad Basin, the late Miocene Toros-Menalla area records vast perilacustrine systems where aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems were deeply interconnected. While terrestrial vertebrate assemblages have been well characterised as reflecting a heterogeneous landscape, the aquatic component remains poorly resolved. Variations in depositional settings, aquatic vertebrate diversity, stable isotope data, and field observations point to a more complex and dynamic network of freshwater habitats. An integrative study of aquatic and semi-aquatic vertebrate assemblages from five Toros-Menalla sites reveals distinct faunal structures reflecting different ecological preferences and depositional conditions, ranging from perilacustrine floodplains to swampy, vegetated, or marginal waters and large open waterbodies with current. These environments, distributed across several hundreds of meters up to 30 km, represent lateral habitat diversity rather than temporal succession, as most assemblages formed geologically instantaneously (except for TM266, where vertical mixing could be hypothesised). Comparison with the present-day Bol Archipelago on the northeastern shores of Lake Chad provides a suitable analogue for the Toros-Menalla paleoenvironment. There, interdunal water bodies of varying depth and connectivity create a dynamic network of aquatic habitats at a similar spatial scale. This study underscores the need for systematic, grid-based collection and sieving of fossils to capture representative aquatic biodiversity and structure, and to reconstruct freshwater paleoenvironments with greater ecological precision